General laser crystals are all YAG materials, called yttrium aluminum garnet.
Highly doped yttrium aluminum garnet is widely used in industry, that is to say, different elements are doped to achieve different effects; As an industrial laser, we pay attention to the following characteristics:
1. Under the same input power, the calorific value is low.
2, the rod body is polished, especially the end face has high precision.
3. The doping concentration is high (for example, YD, which can reach above 30at. %) and has a long fluorescence lifetime.
4. The crystal has simple spectrum, no excited state absorption and upconversion, and no fluorescence concentration quenching.
App application
1.Nd:YAG crystal is a solid laser material with the best comprehensive properties. It has the characteristics of high gain, low threshold, high efficiency, low loss, good thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance. Suitable for various laser working modes (continuous, pulsed, Q-switched, mode-locked, frequency doubling, etc.). ) and widely used in industry, medical care, military and scientific research.
Characteristics of Nd:YAG
1, high gain
2. Low threshold
3. High efficiency
4, low loss
5, high thermal conductivity
6. Good thermal shock resistance
2.Nd, Ce:YAG Nd-doped and Ce-Y-Al- garnet) laser rods are the most ideal working materials for repetitive frequency air-cooled lasers, which are widely used in small laser rangefinders and laser medical instruments.
Advantages of nd, ce: YAG
1, high efficiency, low threshold
2. High optical quality
3. Good ultraviolet radiation resistance.
4. Good thermal stability
5, good repetition frequency characteristics
YCr4+:YAG crystal is an excellent laser crystal. It is suitable for Q-switched, diode-pumped, Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF, Nd:YVO4 _ 4 and other Nd-doped or Yb-doped lasers with the wavelength of 0.8-1.2μ m. It has the characteristics of high stability and reliability, long service life and damage resistance, and will be an ideal passive Q-switched material.
Advantages of YCr4+:YAG
1, long service life
2. Resistance to damage
3, high stability
4. High reliability
Er:YAG is an excellent 2.94μm laser crystal, which is widely used in laser medical system and other fields. Er:YAG crystal is the most important working substance of 3mm laser, which has the characteristics of high slope efficiency, laser working at room temperature, and laser wavelength in the range of human eye safety band. 2.94mm Er:YAG laser has been widely used in surgery, skin beauty, dentistry and other medical fields.
Advantages of Er:YAG
1, high slope efficiency
Step 2 work at room temperature
3. The working wavelength of laser is relatively safe for human eyes.
5.Yb:YAG is a promising laser material, which is more suitable for diode pumping than the traditional Nd-doped laser material. Compared with the commonly used Nd: YAG crystal, the diode pumped absorption band of Yb:YAG can effectively reduce the thermal management requirements of laser diodes. It has a long life with high laser energy level, and the heat load per unit pump power is 3-4 times lower. Yb-doped YAG crystal is expected to replace Nd-doped YAG crystal in high power diode lasers and other related applications.
Advantages of Yb:YAG
1, high slope efficiency
2. High optical quality
3, high thermal conductivity and high mechanical strength
4, no excited state absorption and upconversion
5. The heat load generated by unit pump power is lower than that of Nd:YAG crystal.
6. The absorption bandwidth of diode pump is about 8nm@940nm.
7. Suitable for high-power InGaAs laser diode (wavelength 940nm or 970nm) pumping.
6.CTH:YAG(Cr, Tm, Ho:YAG) is one of the hot spots in solid-state laser research in recent years. It produces excellent crystals of 2. 1μm laser, and the 2. 1μm laser with it as its working material has shown important applications in medicine, optical communication, remote sensing and lidar, laser chemistry, laser spectroscopy, material processing and so on.
Main advantages of CTH: YAG
1, high pulse output energy
2, suitable for repetitive frequency work
3, can work efficiently at room temperature
4. Suitable for lamp pumping and diode pumping.
5. The working wavelength of laser is relatively safe for human eyes.
7. Nd YLF crystal is an ideal laser crystal material for CW laser and mode-locked laser. Its thermal lens effect is very small, its fluorescence line width is very wide, and it outputs linearly polarized light. Nd:YLF can generate lasers with wavelengths of 1047nm and 1053nm, which has been widely used in inertial confinement laser fusion research projects. Main advantages of neodymium YLF crystal
1, relatively small stimulated emission cross section
2. Ultra-large fluorescent linewidth, continuous laser application, etc. Has a low excitation light threshold.
3. Effectively work in single mode and output high power and low beam divergence angle.
4. The output of linearly polarized laser is beneficial to obtain high-efficiency Q-switched and frequency-doubled output.
5. Uniform mode laser output can also be obtained by large diameter round bars or large size slats.
6. It is suitable for oscillator and preamplifier of high power Nd: glass laser system.
8.Nd:YVO: Compared with Nd:YAG, Nd:YVO4 has larger stimulated emission cross section and higher pump light absorption coefficient. It is a kind of laser crystal with excellent performance, which is suitable for manufacturing laser diode pumping, especially small and medium power lasers. It can be made into all-solid-state laser and output near infrared, green, blue and ultraviolet rays. Nd:YVO4 laser has been widely used in many fields, such as material processing, machinery, wafer inspection, medical inspection and so on. Nd:YVO4 diode-pumped solid-state laser is rapidly replacing the traditional water-cooled ion laser and lamp-pumped laser market. Main advantages of Nd:YVO4
1, low light damage threshold, high slope efficiency.
2. The output of biaxial crystal is linearly polarized.
3, low-frequency pump wavelength, easy single-mode output
4. The stimulated emission cross section is large, and the linewidth absorption of pump wavelength is high.
The pump bandwidth of 5.808nm is five times that of Nd:YAG.
6. The stimulated emission cross section at 1064nm is three times that of Nd:YAG.