(I) the basic requirements of the treatise of the quality and level of medical journals, mainly depends on the quality and level of academic papers published. A high-quality and high-level treatise should meet the following requirements:
1. Ideological: to follow the ideological line of dialectical materialism, and implement the party and state guidelines and policies on health work. Abide by scientific ethics and prevent political errors and leakage of confidentiality.
2. Originality: It is required that its content is a new discovery or invention compared with the published literature. Basic research requires new topics, advanced methods, and new ideas; clinical research requires more cases to be collected, more in-depth observation and research, innovative diagnostic and therapeutic methods, better results, and new insights. In the past, many manuscripts submitted to journals were not accepted, mainly because the authors only repeated the past literature or textbook content, and the lack of new ideas or creativity.
3. Scientific:
(1) the selection of the topic should have sufficient scientific basis; (2) the use of materials and selection of methods should be sufficiently comparable and the necessary randomness; (3) faithfully reflect the research process, accurately provide observational data, and comprehensively analyze the research data; (4) reasoning is logical, and the conclusions emphasize the rigor.
4. Practicality: In addition to a small number of purely theoretical research papers, most medical treatises should be combined with clinical and preventive work. The greater the practical value of the treatise, the stronger the guiding role, the more welcome the readers.
5. Readability: the text of the medical treatise should be accurate, concise, smooth. To use standardized scientific and technological language style. So that the reader with the least time, access to the most knowledge and information.
The editor has the right to return any treatise that does not meet the above requirements.
(ii) the overall structure of the treatise over the years, medical treatise has formed a fixed format, namely: preface (introduction), materials and methods (materials and
methodsm), results (results), discussion (discussion), the foreign take its initials, abbreviated as IMRAD, we call it "four paragraphs". For most medical treatises, the "four paragraphs" are common and applicable.
1. Preface: or introduction.
Mainly summarize the background of the study, purpose, research ideas, theoretical basis, research methods, expected results and significance. Certain research is necessary to explain the year and month of the beginning of the study. So that the reader has a generalized understanding of the main idea and background of the paper to lead to the following.
The preface is required to point out the theme and capture the center. You can cite a small number of previous important literature and analyze it, but do not go back in history and list the literature at length. Do not easily use "the first at home and abroad", "not reported in the literature", "no previous research" and other references to prevent inappropriate self-evaluation. The preface should be ≤250 words.
2. Methods:
Mainly describes the selection of research subjects (human or experimental animals, including the control group) and the methodology adopted for the study. Commonly used titles are "materials and methods", "objects and methods", "information and methods" and so on.
(1) Therapeutic research should indicate whether it is a prospective randomized contemporaneous controlled study; diagnostic research should account for the gold standard of diagnostic tests, the theoretical basis of the new test and methodology. Clinical studies must describe the source of cases and controls, selection criteria and general conditions, etc., and should indicate whether the participants in the study informed consent.
(2) Experimental research needs to state the name, breed, grade, number, source, sex, age, weight, feeding conditions and health status of the animals.
(3) Methods created by individuals should be described in detail so that they can be repeated by others. Improved methods should be described in detail, and the source of the original method should be given in the form of a citation. Methods that are directly quoted from others should be cited with the source of the method, without expanding the description.
(4) Drugs and reagents should use the chemical name, and indicate the dose, unit, purity, batch number, production unit and production time.
(5) Instruments and equipment should be described with name, model, specification, unit of production, precision or margin of error. No need to describe its operating principle.
(6) Specific statistical treatments and the basis for their selection should be described. It should be noted that clinical research methods must be based on the guideline of not harming the interests of patients, and experimental research methods should have practical guidance for clinical work.
3. Results:
This is the core part of the thesis. The academic value of the thesis depends mainly on this part.
(1) The results should not simply list the various raw materials and data obtained in the research process, but must be summarized and analyzed to draw the appropriate conclusions, and then expressed in words or diagrams and tables.
(2) The narrative of the results should be true and accurate. Regardless of whether the results are positive or negative, affirmative or negative, and whether the clinical application is successful or unsuccessful, they should be faithfully reflected.
(3) All data in the treatise should be statistically processed. Means and percentages should be tested for significance, otherwise they are prone to artifacts. Care should be taken to distinguish the difference between structural indicators (ratio) and intensity indicators (rate). When the statistical significance test shows a P value of <0.05 or <0.01, it should be written as "the difference is significant" or "the difference is very significant".
4. Discussion:
This paragraph is mainly to evaluate, clarify and infer the results of this paper. The content of this part varies from article to article, and roughly includes:
(1) Explaining the principles and mechanisms of the research work of this paper;
(2) Explaining the characteristics of the materials and methods of this paper and its gains and losses;
(3) Comparing the similarities and differences between the results of this paper and those of others, and analyzing the superiority and shortcomings of each;
(4) Theoretically generalizing the results of the paper. Put forward a new point of view;
(5) Compare and evaluate different points of view;
(6) Put forward the direction of future exploration and outlook, and so on. Of course, it is impossible to cover all of the above issues in each article, and it is important to tailor the article to the context.
Discussion
The discussion should be closely related to the results of this paper, highlighting the new findings and new ideas, to avoid repeating the content of the previous and previous literature has been reported, but can not be described as merely with the report of others, "consistent", "consistent" and so on. The discussion will not include figures and tables.
(C) the hierarchical layout of the treatise
1. Title:
To draw the eye, highly summarize the main idea of the whole text. Chinese title is generally <20 words, English title should be consistent with the content of the Chinese title. Punctuation marks are generally not used in the title. As far as possible, no subtitle. Avoid the use of non-publicly recognized acronyms, characters, codes, etc. Foreign names in the title should be in the original language.
2. Author's name and name of work unit:
(1) The author's signature indicates the responsibility for the content of the paper, and is also a respect for the author's copyright. Signatures must not be too many, must be to participate in all or the main workers; responsible for the content of this paper and can defend the person.
(2) The order of authorship is determined at the time of submission according to the size of the contribution, and no arbitrary additions, deletions or changes are allowed.
(3) The full name and postal code of the author's work unit should be written. The e-MAIL address of the corresponding author should be indicated as far as possible.
(4) After the decision to publish the paper is made, all authors should be asked to sign the Authorization for the Exclusive Right to Use the Paper one by one, granting the exclusive right to use the paper to the Chinese Medical Association.
3. Abstracts in Chinese and English:
(1) Abstracts are located in front of the main text, and have relative independence and self-resonance. The Chinese Medical Association series of journals generally use a structured abstract, including four major elements, namely, purpose, methods, results, and conclusions.
(2) Chinese and English abstracts are written in the third person, without figures and tables, without citing references, without comments and explanations.
(3) If English abbreviations are used in the Chinese abstract, their full names should be given in English and Chinese at the time of first use; if abbreviations are used in the English abstract, their full names should be given in English at the time of first use.
(4) The Chinese abstract should be about 400 words; the English abstract should be slightly more detailed, about 600 words; the main content of the English and Chinese abstracts should be the same.
4. Keywords: in order to facilitate the indexing of literature, literature search and reading of the selected words and phrases reflecting the concept of the theme of the article.
(1) requires each paper to choose 3 to 8 keywords (subject headings), placed after the abstract. The Chinese translations can be referred to the Annotated Word List of Medical Subject Headings compiled by the Institute of Information Studies of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The keywords of Chinese medicine should be selected from the "Chinese Medicine Theme Word List" compiled by the Institute of Information of Chinese Medicine, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.
(2) Attention should be paid to the selection of the first labeled words, which should reflect the most important contents of the whole text.
(3) If necessary, words not included in the word list can be used as keywords.
5. Body:
(1) Pay attention to the level of clarity. Materials and methods", "results", "discussion", "references" sections of the paper's title in the center, without serial numbers, in black. The title of each section of "Materials and Methods", "Results", "Discussion" and "References" should be centered and in bold without serial numbers. Hierarchical serial numbers within each section are used in order: I, II, ...... (serial number after the use of a comma); (I) (II) ...... (serial number after the use of punctuation); 1.2 ...... (serial number after the use of dots) ;(1)(2)...... (no punctuation after the serial number). If necessary, the serial number can be used by jumping gears. Except for I, II, (1)(2)...... which do not pick up the text after the headings, the text may be picked up after the headings of the remaining levels.
(2) The length of the treatise is generally about 5000 words. Among them, the preface accounts for about 5% to 7%, materials and methods, results accounted for 25% to 35%, and the discussion accounts for about 30% to 40%. (3) Tables, figures and text are used in conjunction. The contents of the three should not be duplicated, but the main text. (1) Table: Requirements for simple and clear, subject and predicate, clear hierarchy, complete structure, with self-resonance. Chinese Medical Association series of magazines are used three horizontal line table, that is, the table top line, table header line and table bottom line 3 horizontal line as the basic structure of the table. Each table should have a table sequence and a table title. The table header consists of a subject vertical heading and a predicate vertical heading. Subject longitudinal headings listed in the upper left corner of the table, which is listed under the embodiment of the subject of the sign of the horizontal headings, horizontal headings indicate that the horizontal line of figures or text; predicate longitudinal headings are listed in the table at the top of the vertical columns of the figures or text meaning. Forms of data, quantities, units, symbols and abbreviations, etc., must be consistent with the text. ② illustrations: the requirements of the theme is clear, play a role in explaining and supplementing the text, with self-resonance, that is, only look at the figure, the title and legend, do not read the text, you can understand the meaning of the figure. Line drawings require uniform lines, main and auxiliary lines are clear. The vertical and horizontal coordinate axes should be vertical. Vertical and horizontal coordinate markers should be labeled on the inside of the coordinate axes. The names of the vertical and horizontal coordinates are generally quantities or test items and their unit symbols, which are centered on the outside of the vertical coordinate axes and the bottom of the horizontal coordinate axes. Left and right longitudinal coordinate names are written from the bottom up, top left bottom right; horizontal coordinate names are written from left to right. The quantities, units, symbols abbreviations, etc. in the figure must be consistent with the text. Pathologic pictures should indicate the staining method and microscopic magnification.
(4) Correct use of grammar and rhetoric. The language is required to be accurate, concise, fluent, grammatical and rhetorical.
(5) Focus on standardization. Medical terminology has been approved and published by the National Committee for the Approval of Scientific and Technical Terminology. Science Publishing House published "medical terminology" and related disciplines is the standard. However, through the disciplines of the terminology can be used "the latest version of the Medical Thesaurus (catalog)", "M", "Chinese medicine treasure trove" of terms. The term "universal translation" has not been given. The original text or notes are given when the text first appears. Chinese and Western medicines should be listed according to the latest editions of the Chinese People's Pharmacopoeia and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and the generic names of Chinese medicines adopted by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and the trade names prepared by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission are not permitted. Units of measurement must be implemented in accordance with the newly promulgated units of measurement and the Chinese People's *** and State measurements according to the State Council, and shall be indicated by the unit symbol. Specific usage can be found in the book "Legal Units of Medical Measurement" edited and published by the Chinese Medical Association. In the text of the first publicly recognized Chinese and English abbreviations, the Chinese and English abbreviations and acronyms should be marked in parentheses.