What is tender bidding?
Bidding and tendering is a transaction by the initiator of the transaction activities within a certain range of the characteristics of the subject and some of the transaction conditions, in accordance with the rules and procedures established by law, the multiple respondents to the offer submitted by the party and the program to evaluate, select the subject of the transaction on the basis of merit and to determine all the conditions of a transaction, according to the degree of openness of competition is divided into two ways of public bidding and invitational bidding. After understanding the tender bidding, the following tells you "complete tender bidding process and steps".
One, the bidder to prepare
1, the project
(1) submit the project proposal The main contents are: the necessity of the investment project, the proposed scale and construction of the initial concept of the location, the resource situation, the construction conditions, the preliminary analysis of the collaborative relationship, the investment estimation and funding assumptions, the project's overall progress of the arrangement of the economic and social benefits of the preliminary evaluation and so on. Evaluation, etc.
(2) Preparation of project pre-feasibility study, feasibility study report and submit The main contents are: national and local corresponding policies, the unit's existing construction conditions and construction needs; the feasibility and necessity of project implementation; market development prospects; technical feasibility; financial analysis of feasibility; benefit analysis (economic, social, environmental) and so on.
2, the construction project registration Bidders with the project and other approvals to the construction administrative department of the engineering trading center to register for the construction.
3, the construction unit bidding qualifications
(1) have engaged in the bidding agent business business premises and the appropriate funds
(2) have been able to prepare the bidding documents and the organization of the bid evaluation of the appropriate professional force
(3) if not qualified to organize their own bidding, the bidder has the right to choose their own bidding agent, entrusted to handle the bidding. No unit or individual shall appoint a bidding agent for the bidder in any way.
4. Handling of Transaction Certificate The bidder holds the registration form for the construction report and registers for the transaction at the Engineering Transaction Center.
Two, the preparation of pre-qualification, bidding documents
1, the preparation of pre-qualification documents Pre-qualification document content
Pre-qualification letter of application, proof of identity of the legal representative, letter of authorization, the applicant's basic information sheet, the statement of financial position in recent years, the table of similar projects completed in recent years, the table of the project is under construction and the new project to undertake, the lawsuits that have occurred in recent years and arbitration, and other materials. Arbitration, other materials.
2. Preparation of Bidding Documents
(1) Contents of Bidding Documents Bidding Notice, Invitation to Bid, Instructions to Bidders, Bid Evaluation Methods, Contract Clauses and Format, Bill of Quantities, Drawings, Technical Standards and Requirements, and Bidding Document Format.
(2) Preparation of bidding documents notes
1) specify the document number, project name and nature;
2) the qualification requirements of the bidders;
3) the time of offering the documents;
4) the way of submitting the bidding documents, the place and the deadline. Bidding documents should be clear that the bidding documents submitted by the way, can be mailed, can be telex. Bidding documents should be submitted to what place and at what time.
5) Requirements for the preparation of bidding documents
Contents include: bidding letter and bidding letter appendix, proof of identity of legal representative or power of attorney, bid bond, has been marked price of the works, construction organization design, project management agency, other materials, qualification information .
1) the language of the tender;
2) the composition of the tender documents;
3) the binding of the tender documents;
4) the style of the tender documents and signatures;
5) the tender offer;
6) bidding period
The bidding documents should be based on the project's situation to specify the bidding period is not appropriate for too long or too short. In the event of special circumstances, i.e., after the opening of bids for various reasons can not be finalized, the executing agency and the purchaser must request the bidder to extend the period of validity of the original bid before the closing date of the period of validity of the bid. This request and response must be submitted in writing. The Bidder may refuse such a request from the Implementing Agency and its deposit will not be forfeited.
7) Sealed Submission of Bidding Documents
①The Bidder shall seal and submit the Bidding Documents in accordance with the requirements of the Bidding Documents. For example, sometimes the executing agency requires bidders to seal all the documents, including "price documents", "technical and service documents", "commercial and qualification documents" together, and sometimes according to the needs of the bidders will also be sealed separately. The need will also be separately sealed and submitted, depending on the actual situation, but must be clear in the bidding documents;
② bidders should ensure that the seal is intact and stamped with the bidder's unit seal and the seal of the legal representative, in order to open the bidding before the sealing of the documents to be inspected.
8) scrapped
The following circumstances for the abolition of the bidding process:
① tender document delivery time has exceeded the deadline for bidding (fairness and impartiality);
② bidding documents are not required to bind, seal;
③ not stamped with the official seal of the bidder and the legal representative, the authorized representative of the seal, does not provide the legal representative of the authorization letter;
4) the bidder should ensure that sealed and sealed with a bidder unit seal and legal representative seal, so as to check the sealing of documents before the opening of the documents. /p>
④ did not submit a bid deposit or the amount is not enough, the form of bid deposit does not meet the requirements of the bidding documents and deposit, remittance line and the bidder's bank account is not the same;
⑤ bid validity period is not enough;
⑥ qualification documents are incomplete;
⑦ bidding beyond the scope of business;
⑧ bidding for the goods are not the bidders own Produced and does not provide the manufacturer's authorization and supporting documents;
9 joint bidding, does not provide the joint responsibility of the parties to the obligations of the documents;
⑩ does not meet the technical specifications of the main parameters and beyond the scope of deviation from the issuance of the bidding notice, and so on.
Third, the release of pre-qualification announcement
1, the preparation of pre-qualification announcement includes: the conditions for bidding, project overview and scope of bidding, pre-qualification, submission of tender documents, bidding documents, access to bidding documents, the qualification requirements of the bidders and so on.
2, the medium of publication of the tender announcement on the website of the Engineering Trade Center. The release media are China Daily, China Economic Herald, China Construction News and China Procurement and Tendering Network, the effective time for the tender announcement to be released in the media or website is 5 working days.
Four, pre-qualification
1, sale of pre-qualification documents
2, acceptance of applications for pre-qualification of bidding units
3, pre-qualification of potential bidders
(1) Acceptance of pre-qualification documents
(2) Formation of the pre-qualification committee Formation of an evaluation team by the bidders, including financial and technical specialized personnel.
(3) Evaluation procedure
1) Preliminary examination The pre-qualification documents are pre-qualified for completeness, validity and correctness.
2) Detailed examination Business license, enterprise qualification grade, etc. Financial aspects: whether there are sufficient funds to undertake the project. The bidder must have a certain amount of liquidity. Construction experience: whether it has undertaken similar to this project, especially construction projects with special requirements; the number and scale of projects constructed in recent years. Personnel: the number of engineering and management personnel, work experience, ability to meet the requirements of the project.
3) Equipment: whether the construction equipment owned by the bidder can meet the requirements of the project.
(4) Clarification The Review Committee requests the applicant, in writing, to give an explanation of the unclear areas in the prequalification documents. Scope: written clarifications or explanations of the unclear content of the application documents. The applicant's clarifications or explanations shall not change the substantive content of the application documents and as part of them.
(5) method Generally in the announcement will be set out in the evaluation method, the evaluation method is generally by the qualified system and limited number of system.
(6) Examination Report Upon completion of the examination, the examination committee determines the list of applicants who have passed the pre-qualification examination and submits a written examination report to the bidder. If the number of applicants passing the detailed examination is less than three, the bidder re-organizes the pre-qualification or no longer organizes the pre-qualification but adopts the post-qualification method of direct bidding.
(7) Determination of the list of applicants passing the evaluation The names of the applicants passing the evaluation are generally determined by the bidder in accordance with the provisions of the examination report and the qualification evaluation documents.
4. Issuance of invitation to tender
V. Sale of tender documents and Q&A, addendum
1. Sale of tender documents
Sale of tender documents, drawings, bill of quantities, and other materials to bidders qualified for qualification assessment. It shall be five working days from the date of sale of the bidding documents, drawings, bill of quantities and other materials to the date of cessation of sale. The bidder shall give the bidders a reasonable period of time required for the preparation of the bidding documents, which shall not be less than twenty days at the shortest, and generally, for insurance purposes, twenty-five days from the date of the issuance of the bidding documents to the date of the deadline for submission of the bidding documents.
2, before the opening of the project site survey and pre-bid meeting
(1) site survey Organization of the bidding units on-site site survey, shall not be organized separately or separately a bidder for site survey.
(2) pre-bid meeting All bidders' questions on the bidding documents and in the process of on-site site investigation in the pre-bid meeting for the Q&A process.
3, addendum bidders to the bidding documents issued by the necessary clarification or modification of the bidding documents shall be required in the bidding documents at least fifteen days before the deadline for submission of bidding documents, notify the bidders in writing, the answer to the content of the bidding documents for the component parts.
VI. Receipt of Bidding Documents
Receipt of the bidder's bidding documents and bid security, to ensure that the sealing of the bidding documents.
VII. Drawing of bid evaluation experts
In the two hours before the opening of the bidding, in the corresponding professional expert database then draw the bid evaluation experts, and the other bidders to send a representative (with intermediate or above the corresponding professional title) to participate in the evaluation of bids.
Eight, the opening of bids
1, time, place
Time for the time set out in the bidding documents, the location of the engineering trading center.
2, participants sign in
The bidder, the bidder, notary public, supervisory units, discipline inspection departments and other participants sign in.
3, the sealing of the bidding documents check
Opening of the bidding, by the bidder or its elected representative to check the sealing of the bidding documents, but also by the notary public commissioned by the bidder to check and notarized .
4, preside over the singing of bids .
5, the bid opening process records, and archives for inspection.
Nine, the evaluation of bidding documents
1, the formation of the bid evaluation committee
The bid evaluation committee consists of experts and representatives of the bidder, generally by the bidder's representative as the director of the committee, the experts in the bidding before the opening of the bidding by the bidder in the expert database, and the expert information needs to be kept confidential. For its experts have "avoidance principle".
2, bid evaluation preparation
(1) staff and judges to prepare the staff to evaluate the bidding documents and evaluation of the relevant forms issued to the judges, judges are familiar with the bidding project overview, the main contents of the bidding documents and bid evaluation methods and standards and other content and clear bidding purposes, the scope of the project and the nature of the bidding documents, and bidding documents in the main technical requirements and standards and business terms.
(2) According to the bidding documents to do a systematic evaluation and comparison of tender documents.
3, the preliminary evaluation
(1) the bidding documents of the conformity appraisal
1) the validity of the bidding documents
2) the completeness of the bidding documents
3) the consistency with the bidding documents
(2) on the bidding documents of the challenge to the bidders to give explanations and clarifications in writing.
(3) The circumstances relating to the annulment of the bid need to be consistent with the bidding documents and relevant state regulations.
4. Detailed Evaluation
(1) Staff Work The auxiliary staff of bid evaluation assists in the calculation, review, and summarization of the evaluation scores of each tender by the evaluation committee.
(2) evaluation procedures
1) technical assessment of the main content of the feasibility of the construction program, the reliability of the construction schedule, the construction quality assurance, the supply of engineering materials and machinery and equipment skills in line with the technical requirements of the design, for the bidding documents submitted in accordance with the provisions of the bidding documents to make a technical assessment of the proposed program.
2) Business evaluation The main contents include reviewing the correctness of the calculation of all the offer data, analyzing the reasonableness of the offer data, and evaluating the business evaluation of the proposal.
3) Clarification of Bidding Documents The Bid Evaluation Committee may make an appointment with the bidders to clarify their bidding documents by asking questions, either orally or in writing, and requesting the bidders to answer them, followed by the bidders' formal replies in writing within a specified period of time, and the clarifications and confirmations must be duly signed by an authorized representative and be made an integral part of the bidding documents.
5, bid evaluation report
(1) the contents of the report Mainly basic information and data tables, the list of members of the bid evaluation committee, the record of the bid opening, the list of conforming bids, the abolition of the situation description, the evaluation criteria, the list of bid evaluation methods or evaluation factors, the list of scoring comparisons, the evaluation of the bidders in the order of the clarification of the clarification of the corrections to the matter of the summary and so on.
(2) bid evaluation report signed by the members of the bid evaluation committee.
(3) Submission of written bid evaluation report and the bid evaluation committee dissolved.
6, recommend the winning candidate
The bid evaluation committee recommended by the winning candidate should be limited to one to three people, and marked in order.
X, fixed
The results of the evaluation of the bidding in the municipal engineering trading center website for publicity, publicity time shall not be less than three working days.
Eleven, the construction project issued a notice of award
1, issued a notice of award
2, preparation for negotiation
1) the composition of the negotiators .
2) Focus on the collection of information on related items.
3) Specific analysis of the subject of negotiation and its situation Clearly the content of the negotiations, for the contract is established, there are no disputes, ambiguities, loopholes and related defects in the terms of any party has no room for bargaining.
4) Preparation of the negotiation program.
Twelve, pre-contract negotiations and signing of the contract
1, pre-contract negotiations
Negotiations at the agreed location, in the negotiation process to take the initiative to fight over, do not be too conservative and aggressive, pay attention to body language and voice, tone, correctly manage the negotiation agenda, stand in the other party's point of view to speak about the problem, the implementation of the principle of altruism and harm to him.
2, signing
The bidder and the successful bidder within 30 working days of the notice of award to sign the contract, and pay the performance guarantee.
Thirteen, the return of the bid deposit
The bidder and the successful bidder to sign the contract within five working days after the bidder and the unsuccessful bidder shall return the bid deposit.
The bidding and tendering process is prone to 14 problems, you are in which link is drilled?
Drilling loopholes in the program
1, with the tender to make money
Tenders issued by the bidding unit tender, bidding units need to pay thousands of yuan or even tens of thousands of yuan so-called cost of the bidding unit, the winning bidder or not, no refund.
2, with the deposit for interest
Some local regulations, bidding enterprises to pay 10% of the total cost of the project, as the project's deposit in order to bid. If a number of companies bidding, totaling millions of dollars. Sometimes, the project for various reasons for a long time not set down, the deposit a pressure at least half a year. Waiting to determine the winning unit, bidding enterprises to bidding enterprises to get back the deposit will be delayed again and again.
3, the bidding unit to set up charges
Enterprises in the bidding know that some of the bidding unit to set the cost of the trap, but in order to win the bidding also have to go in, a project spent on a variety of relationship fees are getting higher and higher. Some enterprises reflect that the relationship between the contact fee plus bidding effects, cast a bid to spend tens of thousands of dollars or even 100,000 yuan is very common, cast 10 bids can be one or two bids even if it is good.
4, bet a huge deposit
To more than 30% of the huge deposit required enterprises to participate in the bidding. Such as a project costing only 30 million yuan, the requirement to participate in the bidding enterprises must pay 10 million yuan of the bid bond (and refused to bank guarantees), if the winning bid, the funds into the performance bond, and the project's construction and installation cost of only 30 million yuan. Bid bond accounted for more than 33% of the cost of the whole, greatly exceeding the high limit of the performance bond (generally 10% of the contract price). Some bidding units and the intention of the unit set up "bureau", with a huge deposit to scare off potential rivals who do not know the inside story.
5, engineering intermediary to operate
Tenders to be through the engineering intermediary in order to contact the owner, no intermediary operation, will not be able to learn about valuable information, unable to prepare a bid to the satisfaction of the jury, unable to quote close to the bottom of the bidding price, but also unable to win the bid. And those who are powerful intermediaries are all with the bidding unit or bidding management department of the interests of friends and relatives.
6, the conclusion of the yin and yang contract
In order not to violate the Contract Law and cope with the relevant departments to check the surface of the contract, known as the yang contract. Behind the scenes, and according to prior agreement, let the contractor signed a real binding actual contract, will be more profitable part of the recovery of a separate subcontract. Signed a positive contract units such as the bidding unit does not agree to this "Yin contract", you can not get the project, the contractor had to settle for less.
In the operation of the loopholes
7, openly and secretly
The bidding unit after pre-qualification, to determine a few bidding units, the organization of a large delegation to participate in the bidding unit to investigate. The bidding unit, warm reception, spending money. In fact, in the inspection before the bidding unit has identified a unit of interest, and according to the intention of the unit's corporate characteristics, awards offer and construction technology program and other elements, set up for its bid evaluation procedures and bid evaluation methods.
8, collusion and exclusion
The bidding unit selected a number of bidding units, there are local enterprises, foreign enterprises and central enterprises. If the bid evaluation method provides for a percentage system for evaluation, the high score won the bid. In the business bidding in the general contracting management fee of 5 points, the main material down rate of 4 points, start-up costs of 5 points. Enterprise indicators are several bidding units of the arithmetic average for the full score. Bidding results of several local enterprises are very close to the indicators. Among them, the start-up costs are quite close to the results listed several times higher than the market price, the turnkey management fee is a uniform value, then make a fuss over the rate of the main materials, only 1.5% of the tiny gap listed. In this way, the arithmetic mean is naturally controlled by these local enterprises, thus eliminating other competitors.
9, dismemberment of the project bid
In the bidding documents clearly a certain section as a bid to issue bids. But in the bidding, such as two bidding enterprises in all aspects of the conditions are not very different, the operation of the relationship is also very "hard". In order to achieve balance, the bidding unit will be an established bid split into two segments for contracting, two each won a bid, all three parties are happy. And then the complete project is divided into several pieces, some even dismembered into a dozen pieces, in the tender arbitrarily stipulate that this part of the sub-project is not in the scope of the tender, that part of the material is not in the bidding circle, and are dismembered are high profit part.
10, creating a time lag to achieve the purpose
The bidding unit in the name of grabbing time, regardless of the actuality, deliberately shorten the purchase of tenders or bidding deadline, the purchase of tender cut-off time is scheduled in the announcement of the next day, so that most of the competitive enterprises can not participate in the purchase. Only those enterprises which have relationship with the owner can cope with the situation because of the information obtained in advance, and those who do not know the inside information or give up or become invalid bids due to the lack of time.
11, revealing the bidding secret box manipulation
such as a project bid divided into several specialties, there are a number of individual bids. Bidding in the construction unit, there are A1, A2, A3 three units bidding and through the inner line were aware of some of the single bottom, but do not know the total bottom. The day before the bid opening, the bidding unit asked the three construction companies to quote, and all three companies were close to the bidding price. However, before the opening of the bidding management department in violation of the bidding procedures, in order to give the insider is not close to the bottom of the bidding of a unit of interest a chance to win the bidding, asked the three construction companies to lead the price quoted by the price of whether it contains a price reduction of the preferential price. a2, a3 units dare not answer. At this time, the known total bidding A1 unit is boldly responded to the offer does not contain a preferential price, but also can be further reduced. In the end, A1 unit won the bid as expected.
In the supervision of the loopholes
12, "public evaluation" is not open
In the bidding process, not in the bidding unit after the offer, the jury evaluated the bidding before the release of the finalized bid, but in the jury evaluation after the announcement of the winning bidder before the announcement of the bid. Such as bidding personnel when the face of the bidders, the public unsealed reported the bid price. But the bidding unit is not clear that this is the evaluation of the bidding has been finalized before the bidding, or in the process of bid evaluation has been adjusted bidding.
13, scoring intention of the bidding unit, the evaluation method of arbitrary change
such as a project bidding, there is an enterprise according to its technical standards, business standards and on-site defense of the situation should become the winning unit. But because it is not the original intention of the bidding unit, on the spot not fixed. The bidding unit will let the jury to engage in "closed bid evaluation", the winning unit into another one. In the project bidding, the bidding unit has developed a bid evaluation and bidding methods and was approved. However, such as some of the bidding unit relationship "operation strength", the bidding unit in the bidding work has been completed in the case of modification of bid evaluation and finalization of the bidding method to make its bid.
14, with the tender arrears
The tender states that the completion of 30% -50% of the project will begin to pay, the actual situation is that the construction party to complete the 30% is also very difficult to the Party to the money. In some cases, after the completion of the project is also difficult to get the money.