Malinqiao Ancient City is an ancient town with a long history, where too many historical times and allusions have occurred, leaving space for unlimited reverie and unrestrained imagination of future generations, where you can feel the charm of the rich Xiang culture, a good place to travel and sightseeing, and the following is a detailed introduction to share with you.
The town of Malinqiao, Dongxiang, Changsha County, is located in the northeast of Changsha City, about fifty kilometers away from the city. This place is very difficult to find it from the national map, the sub-provincial map to have its location.
Malinqiao and Changsha City location relationship
Malinqiao is not too long, but the ancient merchants gathered, is the pivotal area on both sides of the Malin River, radiation surrounding the countryside, small towns, this place has "small Changsha" reputation.
The town is surrounded by water on three sides and only two or three square kilometers around. Malin River flows from the east end of the town, there are four streams flowing from west to east, injected into the Malin River, and then flow to the west of the town more than thirty miles from the Yangsi Temple (i.e., Changsha County, Orchard Township) and converge into the Liuyang River, and finally injected into the Xiangjiang River. The earth wall around the town is built along the river, the river bank is surrounded by a fence planted with cocktail bamboo, and the river is lined with acacia, mulberry, camphor cypress, oil tea, bitter practice and other trees, which are lush and green on all sides when viewed from a distance.
Malin Bridge was originally called "Barbarian Bridge"
Malin Bridge old picture source/Chen Xianshu
Malin Bridge this place, the ancient name of a town, seven bridges, eight _, two temples, a bay and a mountain village. A town that is the ancient town of Malin; seven bridges, that is, Malin Bridge, Zhujian Bridge, Temple Bridge, dam back bridge main street, the West Street entrance double bridge, the back of the arch bridge; eight _ that is, Yu Jia _, Lu Jia _, Ying Shan _, Shui Kou _, Chen Jia _, _ Riyu, Peng Jia _; a bay and a cottage for the Bay Yuxia cottage, the two temples: the White Horse Temple, the Sugong Temple.
Ma Lin Bridge has a long history, the Qing Jiaqing "Changsha County" on the "Ma Lin Bridge, eighty miles northeast of the city" contained. Hunan Province, Changsha County Gazetteer" in the cloud: Ma Lin Bridge, due to long years of repair, especially inconvenience, according to legend, a Hercules hand-carried hemp stone, on the bridge, known as the savage bridge. After the blackmail called Ma Lin Bridge.
Malin Bridge is located in northeast Hunan, Yingzhushan southern foothills of the hilly area, since ancient times, said: Yingzhushan prominent in the Xiangjiang River Nine curve of the coast, 800 miles of the Dongting Smokey South, independently in the northeast of the Yuelu peaks, Malin Bridge that was born in Changyue Road in the middle of the Baishi Shenshan of the eastern part of the Liuyang River traced up the river, tributaries of four streams of the water confluence of the waterfront, running water _ migratory water across the water between the fertile soil. Since the Qing Dynasty, Zhang Zhidong development of Hunan and Guangdong, this place to develop agriculture, increasingly abundant produce, trade is increasingly developed.
The villagers here, according to historians, were mostly migrated from the north and Jiangxi during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The accent of Malinqiao is not very different from that of Changsha, and the only distinctive feature is the difference between two words: one is the negative word "不", which is "嗯" in Malinqiao, and the other is the structural auxiliary "的" (的) in Malinqiao, which is a word that is used to describe a person who has been in the same situation. Therefore, the characteristic of speaking Malinese is expressed between affirmation and negation, mastering "yes hiccup" and "uh yes hiccup" is mastering the Malinese slang of Malinqiao.
The old generation of people into the city must pass through
Today's Malin Bridge Author's photo
It is only seven or eight kilometers away from Changliu, Changping Highway to the east, to the north of the northern Xiangbei town of Yueyang City, only more than a hundred kilometers, is the key to Changyue ancient road from Changsha to Yueyang must pass through the place of the land.
In the 1930s and 1940s, before the highway was built, the only way to get to Changsha from here was on foot. The old generation of people into the city (into Changsha City), always from Malin Bridge first to the west, through the Castle Peak Shop, Tangtian Temple, on the Changyue Road (that is, today's National Highway 107), and then to the south through the bitter bamboo Au, Ansha, ShuiDuHe to the HongShan Temple through the black stone ferry across the river to take the DeYa Village, Silk Mauchong, YanWaChi can enter the city of Changsha. This hundred miles into the city road often need to walk a day.
In 1944, when my family migrated into Changsha from Malinqiao, it was my uncle who pushed the family into the city on an earth cart (a kind of unicycle in the south) with a little bit of simple quilt and bedding and pots and pans and bowls on foot. Goods were exchanged to and from Changsha through the high water season by means of bamboo rafts.
The region has clear water and mountains, green bamboo, quiet forests and flowers, river networks, rice beans and peas, and the natural conditions of drought and flooding, is the east of Xiangdong fish and rice towns, affluent land. 1968 knowledge of young people in the countryside to the Malinqiao area, where each laborer's wage can reach about one yuan, compared to the poor townships a few cents a day, I do not know how good the price of the work.
Since the reform and opening up, there are several long-distance passenger buses and many Chinese buses going to and from Changsha County Xingsha Town and Changsha City every day. Now there is even a Changsha county bus, shuttle back and forth, the transportation is very convenient.
"Little Changsha in East Hunan"--Malinqiao Ancient Town
Malinqiao Old Street Photo Source/Chen Xianshu
Malinqiao Ancient Town in the 1950s was the mainstay of the economy, with the Hengtai, Zhentai, and Qiantai foodstuffs and pastry workshops as the mainstay of the economy. Workshops for the economic pillar, the old street and Li Hongzhang stationery store, Ye Hengxing tofu workshop, Tu Xinfu socks factory, Garden Garden restaurant and large and small kinds of department stores, clothing, groceries and dyeing dozens of stores and profits thick money store (i.e., private banks). Its southern food and non-staple food to Ma Lin small flower piece and Ma Lin tofu is the most famous, Ma Lin small flower piece to thin, crispy, fragrant as the characteristics, tofu is delicate, white and tender and the original soybean aroma as the characteristics.
For decades, every time I go back to my hometown to pay homage to my ancestors and return to the city, I always forget to bring these two specialties with me. However, in recent years these two specialties have also disappeared. To the town residents to inquire, it turned out to be too low profits to earn money, practitioners to change their profession not to do, run to the provincial capital to work, every day can make a steady income of two or three hundred dollars. The tide of the commodity economy always impacts the traditional industry to die out.
The two specialties of the ancient town of Malin: small flower pieces and Malin tofu
The west end of the town has the Su Gong Temple, the town is the Chen Clan Ancestral Hall, which is the big ancestral hall of our Chen family. At the west end of the town is a Catholic church, which is a product of imperialist cultural invasion. Nowadays there is nothing left.
Recently rebuilt Li Gong Temple Author's photo
On the mouth of the estuary at the east end of the town was a school called "Rixin Primary School". It is located across the river from the Li Gong Temple, and the school building is a square courtyard with a playground in the middle of the courtyard. The school building was surrounded by a variety of trees, which were lush and green throughout the year. On both sides of the school flows the water of the Malin River.
Rixin Elementary School is the Changsha County East Township Office of the elementary school with a certain degree of fame, when the school has strong teachers, the principal by the Hunan Provincial Director of Education, the famous educator Mr. Yang Zijing concurrently. The school was founded in the early years of the Republic of China, and after liberation, it was merged into Guangfuan Central Primary School.
The former prosperity of Malin ancient town has made it a famous town in the east of Hunan Province, so it is called "Little Changsha in the east of Hunan Province". The temple fair is held here every year in spring and fall, which is also the most active period of the farmers' market. From the beginning to the end of each temple fair, always lasts for ten days and a half months, from all directions to participate in the temple fair every year no less than tens of thousands of people.
The ancient town of Malin Bridge in the topography of another feature, in addition to three sides of the water, surrounded by farmland. According to the old generation, the town is in the center of the _, surrounded by thousands of acres of large Long, whose fields are drought and flood-proof stable and high-yield farmland, before the liberation of the large Long's fields are all Zhu Zehuang and Liang BaoLin family all.
Malin hot springs create "longevity village"
Malin hot springs picture source/Chen Xianshu
In the northern end of the town dozens of meters there is a hot spring, bubbling from the ground. The hot spring is said to have been discovered at the end of the Qing Dynasty, due to a collapse of the Ma Lin Bridge, the collapse of the place of the continuous emergence of hot air and bubbling water, every winter, the surrounding heat wave, thick fog rolling.
The accidental discovery of the hot springs, so that the locals are delighted, with which the bathing foot gradually become a local enjoyment, and in the long run, this has become the envy of the "village of longevity", very few people suffer from skin diseases, stones, cancer and other diseases.
Compiled in 2004, "Changsha City Records" in: Ma Lin Hot Spring is located in Changsha County, Ma Linqiao Township, there are three hot water springs, bubbles overflowing unceasingly, you can smell the sulfur odor, the water temperature of 29-32, the flow rate of 0.138-0.139 liters per second. 1986 by drilling confirmed that the groundwater temperature of 36, the daily self-surging flow rate of 300 cubic meters, containing hydrogen sulfide, metabasic acid silicone, fluorine, radon strontium, lithium and other trace elements, mineralization degree, and so on. A variety of trace elements, mineralization 0.42 g / l, water chemistry type of bicarbonate, sulfuric acid - sodium type, the name of the mineral water containing fluorosilicic acid, hydrogen sulfide low-temperature fresh spring water, has reached the requirements of the indicators of medical mineral water, the main indicators in line with the medical mineral water standards.
At present, the Ma Lin hot springs have been opened as a tourist attraction. The local government has long made plans for the hot springs, and this resource as an important project for investment, trying to create another tourist and leisure resort in Changsha County.
One of the birthplaces of the Revolution
Malinqiao area in the 20s and 30s of the last century, used to be one of the birthplaces of the Revolutionary Autumn Harvest Riots in Xiangdong and Pingjiang Uprising, which was the most fiercely fought over by the revolution and counter-revolution, and it was the main place of activity for the Changsha County Ninth District Farmers' Association under the leadership of the Chinese **** Producers' Party and the township soviets during the period of the government, which gave rise to a number of martyrs of the three Hunan provinces.
The main leaders of Xiangdong of our party, the former logistics minister of the Central Committee of the C*** Yang Lishan, the president of the Academy of Social Sciences, Chen Kangbo, the secretary of the Ninth District Committee of Changsha County of the C*** Li Keguang, Li Yong, and the history of the labor movement in Hunan, Fu Guangxiang, etc., have engaged in revolutionary activities in the area.
After the failure of the Revolution, Liu Keguang was arrested and died heroically on a sandbar under the Zhujian Bridge on the Malin River. The elderly here, the revolutionary struggle in full swing during the Revolutionary period, is still fresh in their minds, and the martyrdom of Comrade Liu Keguang, the secretary of the district party committee, has brought tears to their eyes.
In this group of three Hunan martyrs, Xiangdong Township Soviet Vice Chairman Li Yong, and Changsha City Dyeing Industry Trade Union Chairman Fu Guangxiang, is our family most familiar with the revolutionary forefathers.
Ma Linqiao's revolutionary forefathers - Li Yong
Mr. Li Yong, formerly known as Li Zhaofan, was born in 1893 around the time of the family ranked third, locally known as Zhaofan three masters. Mr. Li Yong was a craftsman when he was young, learned a handful of tailoring skills, the local people also called him Li San tailor. The relationship between our family and Mr. Li Yong's family is both a neighborly relationship, but also a tenant relationship.
Mr. Yong Li's home in the ancient town of Malin about one kilometer north of a hillside, where it is called the long slope, the children and grandchildren of the Li family have lived here for generations. His ancestors in the late Qing Dynasty is relatively rich and wealthy family, the entire long slope of more than ten acres of paddy fields and forests behind the house are the Li family property.
Revolutionary martyr Mr. Li Yong was born and lived Ma Linqiao Changpo Author's photo
Li's family to Mr. Li Yong's generation, due to the years of warlords and warlords, the situation is turbulent, the people do not want to live, the family began to decline.
Mr. Li Yong's family property in two places, just a hundred meters apart. West of this larger, divided into the upper and lower buildings, more than a dozen houses, by the two brothers lived. East of that one property is smaller, is the kind of seven head and then take a side house structure. It is the tomb of the Li family Lu house, that is, in the old days, rich people hired long laborers, to take care of agricultural work in the fields and mountains behind the house and ancestral graves, the long laborers live in the house. My mother's family is rented in Mr. Li Yong's tomb Lu house.
The twenties and thirties, the workers and peasants movement surging, Mr. Li Yong bravely devoted to the revolutionary movement, and was elected vice chairman of the township soviets (then chairman of the Liu Keguang) and Secretary General of the Changsha County Farmers Association. After the failure of the Revolution, Liu Keguang was arrested and sacrificed, Mr. Li Yong was wanted, secretly went to the border of Hunan and Dumpster in Jinggangshan, looking for Mao Zedong's revolutionary army.
The night before Mr. Li Yong's departure, in order to avoid the enemy's pursuit is to live in my mother's home, before dawn by my grandmother to send out the door until the back of the house on the mountain path. At that time in my mother's house left a large red cloth and a lot of propaganda slogans.
From then on, Mr. Li Yong has not returned to Malinqiao Changpo home, he changed his name Li Zhaofan to Li Yong, the Red Army's Long March, Mr. Li Yong served as a battalion commander position, it is said to be later sacrificed on the Long March road, dedicating his life to the liberation of the Chinese people.
After liberation, Mr. Li Yong's widow Li San ___, his son Li Zhengmin, Li Chimin, etc. are the families of the martyrs. To date, Hunan Martyrs Park Martyrs Memorial Tower is still retained in the directory and profile of Mr. Li Yong.
Malinqiao's revolutionary forefathers - Fu Guangxiang
Another revolutionary forefather is Mr. Fu Guangxiang of the Yu family's new house. On the northeast corner one mile from the ancient town of Malin, there is a piece of residential village in the late Qing Dynasty, which is Yu Xia Village, locally known as Yu Jia Xin Hua, also known as Broom Temple. Because in this residential village there is really a broom temple.
The place is divided into the upper house and the lower house, the upper house is called the Yu family new house, also known as the Yu Xia Shanzhuang, the lower house is called the broom temple, commonly known as the Temple Bent Li. From the meaning of the name alone, the temple of the God of the broom, which is also considered the labor class. The size of the upper and lower house has more than a thousand houses, connected to a piece, is famous in this area of the large housing estate, but perennial vacancy is very much, no one lives. This house is very close to the old town of Ma Lin, shopping is very convenient.
Yujia Xinya, where Mr. Fu Guangxiang was born and lived in the history of Hunan Labor Movement, is pictured by the author
During the warlords' and warlords' wars, Yu Jia Xinya was the place where the troops passing through from the south to the north had to be stationed, and during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, it was the barracks of a battalion of Leiyang troops of the Kuomintang Army, and one of the main battlegrounds for the Sino-Japanese war of Xiangbei.
The house is situated on the mountain, facing east. Not far in front of the gate, there is a stream flowing from west to east, and behind the house, there are luxuriant woods on the hill, with maple and camphor trees as the most important ones, and there are also pieces of bamboo forests surrounding and interspersed with them. In the fall, the maple trees and camphor trees are full of red leaves as far as the eye can see. When the sun is setting, the sunset haze is reflected in the sky above the villa, the smoke from the roof curls up, the birds return to their nests and the birds sing in the evening, presenting a unique mountainous countryside style, hence the name "Yu Xia Villa".
The years of war in Malinqiao
Yingzhu Mountain Author's photo
The Malinqiao area has always been a strategic place, next to the Changyue Road and backed by Changsha County's Yingzhu Mountain, which is a place of contention for soldiers. Four Changsha battle from 1939 to 1944, before and after six years, the Japanese attack route is always from Yueyang's new wall river, hit the Qingshan store, Ma Linqiao, Jinjing second line of defense, and then from here straight to the provincial capital of Changsha, Loudao River, Dongtundu third line of defense. Therefore, before and after the six-year period of time Malinqiao area folks are almost all in the military chaos in fear and suffering.
As the strategic depth of the key, in the days of the war, the south of the Japanese devils several times in the Malinqiao countryside sweeping, burning, looting, raping and pillaging, raping women, no evil, to the old family folks left a painful memory and deep hatred. The old family of an uncle, then twenty years old, the ghosts into the village took him captive as a picket, after reaching the destination, will be all the captured husband of the young and strong concentrated in a countryside in the hall, all with machine gun shot killed.
My grandfather died in the 1940s. According to my grandmother's recollection, my grandfather died during the third battle of Changsha, when the "soldiers" period, my grandfather's funeral was completed, the graveyard's grave was just set up, the ghosts of the sweeping into the village, those who helped the folks rushed to evacuate and hide in the nearby mountains. A family in a neighboring village was also having a funeral, and when they saw the ghosts entering the village, they rushed to hide in the mountains, where the Japs opened the coffin of the deceased and pulled him out, turning the coffin upside down.
The ferocious Japs made the Malin Bridge area a living hell, and even the dead could not rest in peace, and such memories will not be forgotten for generations. According to "Changsha County General History" records, during the war, Changsha County by the Japanese army killed and wounded 145,239 civilians, including 33,359 deaths.
Given the brutality of the Japanese invaders, the people of the Malinqiao area, under the leadership of the Party, rose up to resist and valiantly killed the enemy. In the four Changsha Battles, the fifteen-year-old teenager Xiang Zhongmin of Malinqiao lurked in the bushes during the day and killed three Japanese soldiers and captured one of them late at night. A team of Japanese cavalry fleeing from the Ma Linqiao Mopanzhou across the river, was ambushed by local farmers with hoes, wooden sticks killed.
In the front line position, less than ten kilometers from the ancient town of Ma Lin, Changsha County, Yingzhu Dashan still left a lot of Changsha Battle of the historical relics, including combat fortifications, wartime command post, the graves of the fallen soldiers, etc.. Changsha County Yingzhu Dashan, south of Qingshanpu, Malin Bridge, east of Jinjing, Gaoqiao, west of Miluo Ren Bishi's former site, north of Kaihui, covering an area of 27 square kilometers, is not only the place where Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism coexist and intermingle, but also the place where national heroes fight against invasion, is the mountain of heroes. Changsha has a folk song: Yingzhushan, three feet away from the sky three, people have to bow their heads over, the horse to remove the saddle. The main peak of Yingzhushan is 509 meters, and there are more than seventy small and large peaks, the terrain is dangerous, it is the place where the soldiers must fight.
During the war, Changsha soldiers and civilians had blocked the incoming enemy in Yingzhushan, killing the Japanese in Yingzhushan to lose armor. 1942 January, the Japanese Sixth Division Regiment, which had participated in the Nanjing Massacre, routed from Changsha to the north, and the Chinese soldiers and civilians guarded the Tianyi Pass of Yingzhushan to block the attack, and the Japanese army drew the best soldiers from the Ninth Mixed Brigade Regiment to form the death squad "Yamazaki Brigade" to sneak into Yingzhushan to attack.
In the early morning of January 9, the battle started, after a physical battle from 4:00 a.m. to 11:00 a.m., the Chinese army with tenacious fighting spirit in the shadow of the pearl mountain waist slope in one fell swoop to wipe out the death squad. At the end of the battle, 480 anti-Japanese soldiers were carried to the top of Yingzhu Mountain for burial, and the tombstone of "Tomb of the Fallen Soldiers of the Army's 195th Division in the Battle of Xiangbei Province, Fulinpu" was built. The inscription on the monument reads: "The heroic souls have barricaded themselves against Changsha, and the Japanese have not left a single piece of armor behind". Such a heroic spirit demonstrates the spirit of a nation that is not afraid of sacrifice and is unyielding.
Shadow Pearl Hill Tomb of the Fallen Generals Author's Photo
Ma Linqiao long slope of the rare old man Yu He _ Mr. climbed to the foot of the Shadow Pearl Hill, visit the battlefield of the year against the Japanese invaders of the former site, emotional, full of affection, wrote a poem in four lines: "Towering Shadow Pearl, the ancient famous, the peaks towering, gullies and ravines. Wooden head of the green mountains, the majestic Fulin, magnificent, standing Xiangdong. Nineteen forty-two, the Japanese invasion, the people and the army rose up and fought. Mighty brave, swore to punish the stubborn, the blood of the brave, Japanese corpses.?" Passionately eulogize the national spirit of the resistance soldiers.
Shadow Pearl Hill clearly visible trenches and Shilei fortifications author's photo
Afterword
In the 1980s, the Malin Bridge area to adapt to the reform and opening up of the economic and social development of the ancient town of Malin relocated to its south about one kilometer of the depression on the location, where there was originally a granary, adjacent to the X026 County Road, the territory is open, both along the development of the road, but also has a deep The area is wide open, which can be developed along the road and has room for deeper expansion. After decades of development, the town of Malinqiao again show a new look, now the town has long been built with a variety of stores and large supermarkets, oil depots, as well as hotels, restaurants, etc., just like a lively small county.
Ma Linqiao moved to the new street on the col Author Contributed
At the same time, the original town of the old street has also been upgraded and transformed, trying to restore the appearance of the old town to meet the nostalgic feelings of modern people, the old town moved to the col, of course, to provide new space for its development, but also cut off the original historical development of the vein, the older generation of Ma Linqiao people are still nostalgic for the appearance of the former town, nostalgia for the past! Wandering in the small streets of the old town years, China's small town development and construction is facing a new era of historical choices.