Recently, the new coronavirus is a topic of greater concern, the virus causes one of the typical symptoms of pneumonia is respiratory distress, especially in critically ill patients, once they are unable to breathe on their own, or even unconsciousness will leave this world. The immediate relief of this symptom is the administration of oxygen, followed, as appropriate, by the use of mechanical ventilation, what we call a ventilator. The ventilator can play a role in preventing and preventing respiratory failure and reducing complications, and it has become a critical piece of medical equipment for saving and prolonging a patient's life, and can be called an "epidemic fighter".
The ventilator is one of the most effective therapies for new coronary pneumonia. By wearing a ventilator, it can effectively improve the blood oxygen of patients with new coronary virus pneumonia and reduce the mortality rate. Academician Zhong Nanshan pointed out in the CCTV link: transnasal high-flow oxygen therapy, mechanical ventilation, is currently one of the main modalities of the new coronavirus pneumonia.
Ventilator, data chart
As the main component of the ventilator, modern ventilators, almost always use oxygen cell oxygen sensor, the function of the ventilator inhaled oxygen concentration monitoring. At present, most of the ventilators use electrochemical method of oxygen sensor. Due to the oxygen sensor chemical reaction needs to consume raw materials, so, respiratory machine oxygen sensor is also known as respiratory machine oxygen battery, the service life is relatively short.
Oxygen concentration alarm, is the clinical use of the process of the probability of occurrence of more alarm phenomenon. Modern ventilators, almost invariably do not use the function of monitoring the ventilator inhaled oxygen concentration. At present, most of the monitoring methods of oxygen concentration using oxygen sensors, the principle is to use an electrochemical method. Specifically, the oxygen ion conductor, the reference electrode and the sample to be tested constitute a galvanic cell, and by measuring the electric potential of this device, the oxygen content or oxygen partial pressure of the sample to be tested can be determined.
The following types of sensors are also commonly used in ventilators: oxygen sensors, pressure sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and gas flow sensors.
Pressure sensor
In the ventilator, the pressure sensor is mainly used to convert the airway pressure into a differential signal, and the measured value is handed over to the circuit MCU to accurately make inhalation and exhalation judgment. Afterwards, the MCU sends out instructions to control the air intake pump to increase or decrease the pipeline pressure. So that the patient's breathing is natural and smooth, and will not produce a sense of resistance.
Temperature and humidity sensor
Temperature and humidity sensor in the ventilator is mainly used to measure the temperature and humidity of the air in the pipeline, and to adjust the temperature and humidity of the incoming gas, in order to provide the user with the appropriate temperature and humidity of the air, so that the patient feels natural and comfortable, and improve the quality of sleep.
Gas Flow Sensor
The gas flow sensor is mainly used to measure the flow rate of the gas to determine the user's breathing rhythm during sleep. Based on the patient's respiratory rate, the ventilation rate of the ventilator can be controlled so that the patient's respiratory and intake rates are consistent. This ensures that breathing is natural and smooth, and also effectively reduces the workload of the air intake pump and saves energy.