The Industrial Revolution dealt a fatal blow to apprenticeship. Machines partially replaced human labor, and the original apprenticeship system could not meet the demand for talent in machine-based industrial production, and the rise of vocational schools replaced the original apprenticeship system. "After World War II, as enterprises demanded more and more labor skills and quality of workers, and at the same time, countries also learned from the successful experience of Germany's "dual system" in personnel training, and implemented the "apprenticeship system" in succession. "and reform and innovation of the apprenticeship system. At present, countries generally take the apprenticeship system as one of the talent training modes in the field of vocational education. The apprenticeship system at this stage has undergone significant changes in terms of training objectives, curriculum system and learning modes. For example, in the United Kingdom, the modern apprenticeship system divides the training objectives into three levels, namely, apprenticeship, advanced apprenticeship and higher apprenticeship; in the construction of the curriculum system, it establishes a diversified curriculum system and national vocational qualification courses; in the learning mode, it implements the learning mode of alternating between work and study. The nature of apprenticeships remains national, with the state regulating all aspects of apprenticeships.
The meaning and significance of apprenticeships has changed significantly from their infancy to modern apprenticeships.
"Higher education" gives new connotation to Modern Apprenticeship
Modern Apprenticeship is a kind of vocational education in which the traditional apprenticeship system is integrated into the factors of school education, and it is a new form of deepening the cooperation between schools and enterprises in vocational education, and the top-ranking internship, the order cultivation, and the Modern Apprenticeship are a kind of progression relationship.
As one of the types of higher education, higher vocational education, its nature and characteristics of "cross-border education", which is based on a deep understanding of the positioning of the function of higher vocational education and a deep understanding of the connotation of the talent training goals. The connotation development of higher vocational colleges and universities is mainly reflected in the two attributes of "higher education" and "vocational". Apprenticeship system organizes teaching content centered on vocational practice, which fully highlights the "vocationality" of higher vocational education and better realizes the external value of education. However, higher vocational education should not be "vocational education". In recent years, higher vocational colleges and universities have over-emphasized the social demand in school running practice, over-emphasized the demand for vocational positions, and neglected the demand for students' self-development and self-improvement; more attention has been paid to the external value of education, and the intrinsic value of education has been neglected, which has resulted in the deformed development of vocational education to a certain extent. Therefore, while realizing the "vocationality" of higher vocational education, we must pay attention to the "higher nature" of higher vocational education, which should highlight the "vocationality" of higher vocational education and realize the external value of education without losing its "vocationality". At the same time, we must pay attention to the "higher nature" of higher vocational education, and should realize the external value of education by highlighting the "vocational nature" of higher vocational education, so as to realize the internal value of education. Therefore, it is necessary to give new connotation to the modern apprenticeship system, the core idea is to return to the essence of education, people-oriented, attach importance to the comprehensive development of human beings and sustainable development, taking into account the needs of the community and the needs of people's self-development, which is the intrinsic value of higher vocational education.
As a deepening of the talent cultivation model of the combination of work and apprenticeship, the modern apprenticeship system has a rich vocational education ideology embedded in its intrinsic logical system and operational process, which has a profound educational value. The construction and development of this educational model of alternating "work" and "learning" and integrating work and learning is the new connotation of modern apprenticeship given by the essential characteristics of higher vocational education under the new situation.
Analysis of the elements supporting the modern apprenticeship system
1. Conscious agreement among students, schools and enterprises - construction of a platform for school-enterprise cooperation. The modern apprenticeship system is a recombination of the traditional apprenticeship system and the school education system, and its main feature is the alternation of student and apprentice status. It is manifested in the following ways: First, recruitment is enrollment, and the problem of students' employee status is solved first. Secondly, school and enterprise *** with the responsibility of training, school and enterprise *** with the development of training programs, *** with the implementation of personnel training, each division of responsibility, each responsible, each specializing in the strengths of the division of labor, so as to *** with the completion of the cultivation of students (employees). Schools and enterprises are two different educational environments and educational resources, the implementation of modern apprenticeship system, the need to explore new modes of school-enterprise cooperation, break through the bottlenecks in the system and mechanism, so that the school-enterprise cooperation to the deep development.
2. Reconstruction of the curriculum system, reorganization of course content - reconstruction of the learning carrier. Modern apprenticeship training is highly skilled personnel, the curriculum into the off-campus "base" and "base" *** teachers to undertake the course teaching should be a regular teaching arrangements, but this is the current higher vocational institutions are faced with the problem, but also higher vocational education to achieve the "higher sex". "Higher" and "vocational" organic integration of the bottleneck ...... >>
Question 2: Apprenticeships in Vocational Education Apprenticeships 10 points What is a modern apprenticeship? "Modern Apprenticeship is a modern talent training model that focuses on skill development for students through in-depth cooperation between schools and enterprises and joint teaching by teachers and masters." It is to sign 2 contracts around 1 standard, use 3 funds, and solve 4 problems, which are all problems to be solved by enterprises and vocational education: the problem of recruitment difficulties of enterprises; the problem of stability of employment in enterprises; the problem of workers' income; the problem of self-realization of workers' self-worth.
Question 3: What is the apprenticeship system in specialized colleges and universities University college, junior college, specialist, higher vocational are all the same concept. University college is the past call, the current official call is higher vocational (specialty). But the general public is still accustomed to call college.
Higher vocational (specialized) belongs to the general higher education, is the higher stage of vocational and technical education. Specialty that is, specialist education is sometimes called college education, differentiated from the bachelor's degree or bachelor's degree. Higher vocational specialization that is in the higher vocational colleges and universities in the enrollment of specialist programs to graduation students.
Higher vocational (specialized) to adapt to the needs of society as the goal, to cultivate the technical application of the main line to design the student's knowledge, ability, quality structure and training programs. Emphasis on theoretical teaching and practical training, graduates have the ability to work directly on the job. At the same time, many schools in accordance with the labor and social security departments of the relevant vocational skills assessment standards, the implementation of vocational skills assessment and appraisal of students, so that students can graduate at the same time to obtain the appropriate academic certificate and vocational qualification certificate.
Question 4: Modern apprenticeship, what opportunities and challenges to vocational education Military management? Or militarized training? To cultivate the team's sense of absolute obedience can be considered militarized training, of course, to evaluate the actual operation of the company's environment to achieve absolute obedience.
Question 5: What is a Modern Apprenticeship What is a Modern Apprenticeship? "Modern apprenticeship is a modern talent training model through the depth of cooperation between the school, the enterprise and the joint teaching of teachers and masters, to the students to skills training." It is around 1 standard Dan 2 contracts, use 3 funds, solve 4 problems, these 4 problems are enterprises and vocational education to solve the problem: the problem of recruitment difficulties in enterprises; the problem of stability of employment in enterprises; the problem of workers' income; the problem of workers' self-realization of value.
Question 6: What does it mean to run a vocational education group Vocational education group is an educational group organized by vocational colleges and universities, industry enterprises and other organizations to achieve resource ****sharing, complementary advantages and cooperative development, and it is an important mode to accelerate the reform of the vocational education mechanism in China in recent years, and to promote the opening up of high-quality resources ****sharing. The main bodies of vocational education groups include six categories: *** institutions, industrial organizations, enterprises (business) units, vocational colleges and universities, research institutions and social organizations. Through the formation of vocational education groups, different subjects can give full play to their important role in supporting and participating in the development of vocational education. According to the difference in the form of formation, vocational education groups can be divided into regional vocational education groups that focus on regional development regulations and industrial structure characteristics, and are oriented to regional pillar industries and characteristic industries; industry-type vocational education groups that focus on the demand for talents in the industry and are led by industrial organizations; cross-regional or cross-industry composite vocational education groups; featured vocational education groups that focus on the content of cooperation in enrollment and employment, and labor-transferring training; and foreign-related vocational education groups. Vocational education groups and foreign-related vocational education groups. (Source Baidu Encyclopedia)
Question 7: Is the modern apprenticeship system a full-time diploma The current pilot situation is not. But with the development of the future may have a full-time form.
In the Ministry of Education's document is clearly stipulated, the modern apprenticeship system can carry out academic education and non-academic education "Modern apprenticeship system includes academic education and non-academic education. Localities should take into account their own realities, can start from non-academic education, can also start from academic education, to explore the modern apprenticeship talent cultivation law, gradually expand after accumulating experience" "Guide higher vocational colleges and universities to make use of independent enrollment, separate enrollment and other policies, targeting fresh graduates of high school, intermediate graduates and equivalent qualifications of the enterprise workers and so on. Different characteristics of the student source, categorized to carry out different forms of modern apprenticeship pilots at the level of specialized academic qualifications." (The above quoted from the "Ministry of Education on the development of modern apprenticeship pilot opinions" teaching vocational Cheng [2014] No. 9)
No matter for which party, this is a new thing, so now most of them still belong to the pilot stage, to the current pilot situation, basically did not carry out a full-time diploma education, are to adult education to carry out the pilot, that is to say, now carry out all are The first thing you need to do is to get a good deal of money from the government, and then you have to pay for it.
Question 8: What is group schooling? What is modern apprenticeship? Pro? Group schooling is based on administrative instructions, taking into account the school **** agreed to wish, a famous school and a number of schools to form a school **** the same body (Famous Schools Group), with the famous school as the leader, in the educational philosophy, school management, educational research, information technology, educational evaluation, school property management and other aspects of unified management, to achieve the management, teachers, equipment and other high-quality educational resources **** enjoyment. Each famous school group has the principal of the famous school as the leading principal, and the decision-making body composed of expert consultants and principals of each campus is responsible for the overall planning of the school ****similarity, and the formation of the corresponding implementation system and supervision and feedback system. There is a unified coordination and management between the famous school and each school to ensure the same quality of education, and each school is relatively independent of each other, pursuing their own school characteristics, to achieve mutual benefit and mutual assistance, **** with the growth. This mode of operation generally undergoes three stages of transplantation, synthesis, and newborn: (1) transplantation, that is, the weak school becomes a sub-body, relying on the mother of the famous school to establish a school, to become a branch or campus of the famous school, and transplantation of the mother's philosophy of school operation, school operation mode,**** enjoy the mother's teachers and teaching facilities, Internet, financing channels, student resources, and so on. (2) Synthesis, i.e., while actively digesting and absorbing the advantages of the parent school, the sub-body strives to cultivate its own teaching staff with development potential through targeted training, joint scientific research, etc., so as to cultivate the ability of self-development and sustainable development. The mother school and the campuses listen to the same class and read the same book together, and invite experienced teachers to tutor young teachers in the form of one-help-one, thus further shortening the gap between the campuses. (3) Freshmen, i.e., the sub-bodies are separated from the mother campus after obtaining sustainable development and become new individuals, making their own brands in campus culture construction and other aspects, forming their own characteristics and self-survival and development capabilities. ? Modern Apprenticeship is Modern Apprenticeship is a modern talent training model that focuses on skill training for students through the deep cooperation between schools and enterprises and the joint teaching of teachers and masters." It is about signing 2 contracts around 1 standard, using 3 funds, and solving 4 problems, all of which are problems for enterprises and vocational education to solve: the problem of enterprises' difficulty in recruiting; the problem of enterprises' employment stability; the problem of workers' income; and the problem of workers' self-worth realization. Please follow up or adopt? Thank you
Question 9: Qingdao Vocational and Technical School pre-school modern apprenticeship is what it means It's like this
A few days ago, the Provincial Department of Education, the Provincial Department of Finance, the Provincial Economy and Information Technology Commission jointly issued the Shandong Province Vocational Colleges and Universities Modern Apprenticeship Pilot Work Implementation Program, the province from 2015 onwards, to determine a number of vocational colleges and universities as a pilot institution for the modern apprenticeship system, after three years of practice, to explore and establish the After three years of practice, to explore the establishment of school-enterprise joint enrollment, joint training, integration of the mechanism of training, to promote the combination of specialization, school-enterprise mutual employment and mutual use of the "double teacher" faculty construction, to enhance the students' job skills and the students' employment of the professional counterpart rate.
The provincial government will arrange funding to support the modern apprenticeship pilot program in vocational colleges and universities. Schools should openly buy internships, according to the number of apprenticeship positions, the nature of the subsidies to enterprises undertaking apprenticeship training. Cooperative enterprises to accept each 1 apprentice and by the assessment to meet the apprentice training standards, according to the 5000 yuan standard subsidies to enterprises, of which: 3,000 yuan for taking apprentice masters of the award, 2,000 yuan for compensation for the enterprise's water, electricity, consumables and so on. Conditional cities and counties should also support vocational institutions to carry out modern apprenticeship pilot.
The Ministry of Education recently announced the first batch of modern apprenticeship pilot units. Qingdao City was identified as one of the 17 pilot areas, Qingdao Institute of Vocational Technology has become one of the first eight pilot vocational colleges in our province. There are 100 higher vocational colleges and 27 secondary vocational schools in the country*** selected.
Question 10: What kind of teaching method is modern apprenticeship? Modern apprenticeship is a modern talent cultivation mode through the depth of cooperation between schools and enterprises and the joint teaching of teachers and masters, and the skills-based training of students." That is, around 1 standard to sign 2 contracts, with 3 funds, to solve 4 problems, these 4 problems are enterprises and vocational education to solve the problem: the problem of recruitment difficulties of enterprises; the problem of stability of employment in enterprises; the problem of workers' income; the problem of workers' self-realization of their self-worth