Student business plan
Business plan is the entrepreneur knocking on the door of investors "knocking brick", an excellent business plan will often make the entrepreneur to achieve twice the result with half the effort.
A business plan
is the entrepreneur plans to create a written summary of the business. It is used to characterize the internal and external environmental conditions and elements associated with the proposed business, and to provide an indicative map for the development of the business and a standard for measuring its progress.
Often the entrepreneurial plan is a synthesis of functional plans for marketing, finance, production, and human resources.
What to think about when writing a good business plan:
(a) Focus on the product
(b) Dare to compete
(c) Understand the market
(d) Indicate a course of action
(e) Demonstrate your management team
(f) Excellent summary of the plan
II. Content
Generally speaking, in the business plan should include the type of business, capital planning and sources of funds, the total amount of funds allocated proportion, stage goals, financial estimates, marketing strategy, possible risk assessment, the motivation to start a business, the roster of shareholders, the number of employees scheduled, the specific content generally include the following eleven aspects:
(a) Cover
Cover of the The design should be aesthetic and artistic, a good cover will make the reader to produce the initial good feeling, the formation of a good first impression.
(2) Summary of the plan
It is the essence of the business plan. The summary covers the main points of the plan at a glance, so that the reader can review the plan and make a judgment in the shortest possible time.
The summary generally includes the following:
Introduction of the company;
Managers and their organization;
Main products and scope of business;
Market overview;
Marketing strategy;
Sales plan;
Production management plan;
Financial plan;
Funding requirements.
Funding requirement status, etc.
Summaries should be as concise and vivid as possible. In particular, explain the differences in your own business and the market factors that have enabled your business to gain success.
(iii) Business Introduction
The purpose of this section is not to describe the whole plan or to provide another summary, but to give an introduction to your company, thus focusing on your company's philosophy and how you have formulated your company's strategic objectives.
(4) Industry Analysis
In the industry analysis, you should correctly evaluate the basic characteristics of the chosen industry, the competitive situation, and the future development trend, among other things.
Typical questions about industry analysis:
(1) What is the degree of development of the industry? What are the developments now?
(2) What role do innovation and technological progress play in the industry?
(3) What are the total sales of the industry? What is the total revenue? What is the development trend?
(4) What are the price trends?
(5) To what extent has economic development affected the industry? How does the government influence the industry?
(6) What factors determine its growth?
(7) What is the nature of competition? What strategy will you adopt?
(8) What are the barriers to entry into the industry? How will you overcome them? What are the typical rates of return in the industry?
(5) Product (service) introduction
The product introduction should include the following: the concept, performance and characteristics of the product; the main product introduction; the market competitiveness of the product; the research and development process of the product; the plan to develop the new product and the cost analysis; the product's
market outlook prediction; the product's brand and patents and so on.
In the product (service) introduction section, the entrepreneur has to give a detailed description of the product (service), which should be accurate and easy to understand, so that investors who are not professionals can understand. Generally, the product introduction should be accompanied by prototypes, photos or other descriptions of the product.
(F) personnel and organizational structure
In the production activities of enterprises, there are human resource management, technical management, financial management, operations management, product management and so on. And human resource management is a very important part of it.
Because the development of society today, people have become the most valuable resource, which is determined by human initiative and creativity. For enterprises to manage this resource well, it is even more important to follow scientific principles and methods.
In the business plan, it is important to elucidate the key management personnel, describing the competencies they possess, their positions and responsibilities in this business, details of their past experience and background. In addition, in this part of the business plan, a brief description of the structure of the company should be given, including: an organizational chart of the company; the functions and responsibilities of each department; the heads and key members of each department; the compensation system of the company; a list of the shareholders of the company, including subscription rights, percentages and privileges; the members of the board of directors of the company; and background information on each director.
Experience and past success speak louder than a degree. If you are prepared to leave a particularly important position to someone with no experience, you must give good reasons.
(vii) Market Forecasting
Should include the following:
1. Demand for forecasting;
2. An overview of the current state of the forecast market;
3. An overview of the competing vendors;
4. The target customers and the target market;
5. The market position of the company's products, etc.
(viii) Marketing strategy
Misunderstanding of the market is one of the most important reasons for business failure.
In the business plan, the marketing strategy should include the following:
(1) the choice of market organizations and marketing channels;
(2) marketing team and management;
(3) promotional programs and advertising strategies;
(4) pricing decisions.
(IX) Manufacturing plan
The production and manufacturing plan in the business plan should include the following:
1, the current status of product manufacturing and technology and equipment;
2, the new product production plan;
3, the requirements for technological upgrading and equipment renewal;
4, the quality control and quality improvement plan.
(J) financial planning
Financial planning should generally include the following:
The focus of which is on the preparation of cash flow statements, balance sheets, and profit and loss statements.
Liquidity is the lifeline of an enterprise, so when an enterprise is starting up or expanding, the liquidity needs to have a detailed plan in advance and strict control in the process;
The income statement reflects the profitability of the enterprise, which is the result of the enterprise's operation over a period of time; the balance sheet reflects the status of the enterprise at a certain point in time, and the investor can use the ratio indicators obtained by the balance sheet data to measure the enterprise's profitability;
The income statement reflects the profitability of the enterprise. The balance sheet, on the other hand, reflects the status of the enterprise at a certain point in time, and investors can use the ratio indicators obtained from the balance sheet data to measure the operating status of the enterprise and the possible return on investment.
(XI) Risk and Risk Management
(1) What are the basic market, competitive, and technological risks to your company?
(2) How are you prepared to deal with these risks?
(3) In your opinion, what are some of the additional opportunities for your company?
(4) How can you expand on your capital base?
(5) How does your five-year plan perform under best and worst case scenarios?
If your estimates are less than accurate, you should estimate how large your margin of error really is. If possible, make best and worst case settings for your key parameters.
Three Steps in Preparing a Business Plan
Preparing a business plan is a process of looking into the future prospects of the project, exploring the sound ideas in it meticulously, identifying all the necessary resources required to implement the project, and then seeking the required support.
It is important to note that not every business plan has to include all of the elements in the above outline. Entrepreneurial content varies greatly from one another.
Phase 1: Learning from Experience
Phase 2: Entrepreneurial Ideas
Phase 3: Market Research
Phase 4: Program Drafting
The Full Entrepreneurial Program
Write the full text, add a cover page, and pull out the entire entrepreneurial points and write it as a synopsis, and then you have to arrange the full set of entrepreneurial programs in the order below:
(1) market opportunity and strategy;
(2) business management;
(3) business team;
(4) financial budget;
(5) other; information and material of direct relevance to the audience, such as business founders, potential investors, and even family members and spouses.
Phase 5: Final touches
First, based on your report, make a 1-2 page summary of the main things and put it in the front. Secondly, check it, don't make any mistakes like typos, or people will be skeptical about whether you are doing things rigorously or not. Finally, design a nice cover, prepare a table of contents with page numbers, and then print and bind the book.
Stage 6: Checking
You can check the following aspects:
(1) Whether your business plan shows that you have experience in managing a company.
(2) Does your business plan show that you are able to repay the loan.
(3) Does your business plan show that you have conducted a complete market analysis.
(4) Whether your business plan is easily comprehended by investors. The business plan should have an index and a table of contents so that the investor can access the various sections more easily. It should also ensure that the flow of information in the table of contents is logical and realistic.
(5) Does your business plan have a summary of the plan and placed at the top, the summary of the plan is the equivalent of the cover of the company's business plan and it is the first thing that investors will look at. In order to maintain investor interest, the plan summary should be written in a compelling manner.
(6) Is your business plan grammatically correct in all respects.
(7) Whether your business plan can assuage investors' doubts about the product (service).
You can prepare a model of the product if needed.
Feasibility analysis and business plan
I. Market analysis
For a long time, domestic residents due to the low standard of living, to the "kitchen" and "bathroom" as the main object of the consumption of small appliances. Few. According to statistics, the current average ownership of small household appliances in domestic cities and towns only three or four, while the statistics in Europe and the United States as high as 37. According to statistics, at least 2.6 million households move into a new home every year, with the improvement of people's living standards, "kitchen" and "bathroom" of the growing importance of small household appliances to accelerate the popularization of the product and upgrade will certainly incubate a phenomenal market impetus, small household appliances, market development prospects are very broad. Market development prospects are very broad. In the next two to three years, China's small household electrical appliances industry will enter a golden stage of development, the annual increase in market demand is likely to exceed 30%.
For the bathroom heating with small appliances at present only two kinds of bath tub and heater. At present, the national production of bathtubs for 376 companies, domestic sales in 2001 is estimated to be 4 million units, 5.5 million units in 2002, 2003 reached 7 million units, sales of more than 1 billion yuan. In urban households, the bath heater ownership rate of less than 15% (2004), the domestic consumer recognition of the bath heater 82%, the market space is huge.
Bath heater in the bathroom heating equipment accounted for the absolute advantage, of which Hangzhou Aopu bath heater sales of 260 million yuan in 2004, the first market share. At present, most of the manufacturers of bath bombs and heaters are concentrated in Zhejiang and Guangdong, but most of them are small factories, mostly imitation or OEM, with little independent research and development capability.
China's Yangtze River Basin region, most of the homes do not have heating, winter bath heating has been a big problem. Although there are bath and heater, but people look forward to a simple, effective heating appliances. According to my survey, people's impression of this product is still good, the market potential is huge.
Comparison of the market for bath bombs and heaters, the sales market for this product is at least 5--1 billion yuan.
We can take advantage of the patented technology to rapidly occupy the bathroom heating equipment market, and establish our own brand and sales network.
(The above data comes from Consumer Daily, China Household Electrical Appliances Association)
Two, our goal
Our goal is to produce samples in 2006 to enter the market, the development of municipal agents above 10-15, sales of more than 2 million yuan in 2007 to reach 5 million sales in 2008 to reach 20 million sales, profit margins to maintain 30% of the total sales. Sales, profit margins remain at 30% - 50%.
Three, the use of funds
Because this product has never been on the market before, so the initial sample trial production, mold development and other costs invested in a larger, estimated at 100,000-150,000 yuan;
A variety of certificates, licenses, trademarks: 50,000 yuan;
Company set up, purchase of related office supplies, personnel recruitment, the company's Web site, etc.: 100,000 yuan;
Rent, utilities, staff wages (half a year): 150,000 yuan;
Participation in exhibitions, advertising costs: 100,000 yuan;
Small batch production costs (5,000 pieces): 200,000 - 250,000 yuan;
Working capital: 200,000 yuan.
Total: 1 million yuan.
Four, product cost and profitability analysis
In order to save costs and reduce investment risks, the first small batch production to outsourcing processing, not to buy production equipment. The product mainly includes: barrel, lid, heating plate, leakage protector, anti-dry burn protector, switch, steam mediation board, base, seal. The heating plate is $7-8, leakage protector is $12, anti-dry-heat protector is $1.5, switch is $0.5, the rest of the plastic parts, the price is $15, in addition to the product packaging, wiring screws, freight, etc., the cost of a total of less than $40.
The wholesale price is set at 80 yuan, each gross profit of 40 yuan, it is estimated that two years to recover the investment and slightly profitable.
(The above data is the investigation of spare parts distributors, there is the possibility of downward fluctuations)
Fifth, sales prospects
There are no similar products on the market, product sales pressure is small. It is recommended to utilize the ready-made sales network of electrical wholesalers around the agency sales. Currently has contacted a number of merchants, the initial sales intention.
Sixth, the cooperation program
The patent project is a non-functional invention, the patent right for personal ownership. Specific cooperation by the two sides to negotiate agreed.
VII. Raw material supply program
Can be outsourced production, no special requirements.
VIII. The future of this project
Because of the simplicity of the manufacture of this product, the threshold is not high, it is inevitable to be imitated. In addition to strengthening the efforts to combat counterfeiting, constantly upgrading the product is also a necessary means to expand the market. At present, two samples have been developed, and we are ready to continue to launch 3-5 new products next year. With the upgrading of our products, we will be able to stand firmly in the market.
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