Aruba (pinyin ā l ǔ b ā d m: o, English Aruba)
[Overview]
Name: Aruba.
Located at the westernmost tip of the Lesser Antilles in the southern Caribbean, with an area of 193 square kilometers. It has a tropical climate with an average annual temperature of 27 degrees Celsius. The population is 95,200 (end of 1999). Mainly to
A hybrid of Indians and white Europeans. 1997 The birth rate was 1.64% and the mortality rate was 0.66%. The official language is Dutch, Papiamentu is widely used, and Spanish and English are also commonly used.
Language. More than 80% of the residents believe in Catholicism and a few believe in Protestantism. The earliest inhabitants of the island were Arawak Indians. Spain occupied the island in 1499. 1643 Holland changed hands.
. 1807 was seized by Britain. 18 14 returned to Dutch jurisdiction and became a part of the Netherlands Antilles. 1 986 65438+1October1announced that it officially left the Netherlands Antilles and became the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
As a separate political entity, the Netherlands continues to be responsible for the island's defense and external affairs. In economic and financial affairs, Aruba has formed a cooperative alliance with the Netherlands Antilles. Capital Aulagne si
Oranjestad, population 60,000 (estimated 1.996).
[Politics] Governor: Aurindo cullmann 1992 took office.
There are seven political parties on the island. Mainly:
(1) Arubaanse Volkspartij: the main ruling party. Established in 1942. Identify with Aruba's current "separation state". Leader Jane Hendrick
Jan Hendrick Ayman
(2) Free Aruba Organization: ruling jointly with Aruba People's Party. Established in 199 1. Leader Glenn Burt Cross
(Glenn Bert Cross).
(3) People's Election Movement: Socialist Party, main opposition party. Established in 197 1, with party member 1200 people. Leader nall
Nelson Audoubert.
1The general election was held in July 1994, and the Aruba People's Party won 65,438+00 seats. The party joined the Aruba Liberation Organization to form a government. 1997 the two sides quarreled over the position of deputy speaker. most
Finally, the general election will be held in advance. 19971February 2 12 held a general election, but the election result was the same as 1994. After long-term negotiations, the Aruban People's Party and the Aruban Liberation Organization resumed cooperation.
1in the middle of 998, a coalition government headed by Jane Hendrick Ayman was established.
The legislature of the parliament is a unicameral system, elected by universal suffrage, with 265,438+0 seats and a term of four years. The current parliament1997 65438+February 12 was elected, and the Aruba People's Party won 10 seats.
The Ruba People's Election Movement won 9 seats and the Aruba Liberation Organization won 2 seats. Speaker m.v. Christian
The government, called the Council of Ministers, is usually composed of the party that wins the general election and is responsible to the Parliament for a term of four years.
The current government was established in 1998. The main members of the government are as follows: Prime Minister and Minister of General Affairs Jane Hendrick Ayman and Minister of Transport, Communications and Public Facilities William Roric.
Willem Vrolijk, Minister of Finance Robertico R.Croes, Minister of Justice and Public Works Edgar J.Vos, studied in China.
Lilia G.BeKe Martinez, Minister of Economic Affairs and Tourism, and Mary Wever Lacle, Minister of Education and Labor.
Israel Posner, Minister of Health, Sports and Social Affairs, Antonio Cross, member of the Council of Ministers of Aruba, the Netherlands.
(Antonio G.Croes), T.Monzon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Aruba Territory in Washington.
The judiciary has a court of first instance on the island, and a joint high court of the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba on Cura? ao in the Netherlands Antilles. Both the Chief Justice and the Attorney General are lifelong.
Appointed by beatrix wilhelmina armgard in consultation with the governments of both entities.
Mi (short for meter) R.Wijinholt, Chief Justice of United High Court. Winkels, Attorney General of Aruba.
[Economy]
In the 1990s, the economy grew steadily and strongly, mainly relying on oil smelting (including oil transshipment and petroleum products) and tourism.
Gross domestic product (1999):18.22 million USD.
Per capita GDP (1997): 18076 USD.
GDP growth rate (1999): 3%.
Currency name: Aruba Frohring 1 Frohring = 100 integral.
Exchange rate (1999 65438+ 10 month): 1 USD = 1.79 Aruba Frohring.
Inflation rate (1999): 2.3%.
Unemployment rate (1996): 0.6%.
Industry mainly includes oil refining. At present, the refining capacity is 6.5438+0.4 million barrels per day. Light industry is limited to tobacco products, beverages and some consumer goods. There is a "free industrial zone". The sea water is fresh.
The chemical plant can desalinate 20.8 million liters of seawater every day, and it is one of the largest desalination plants in the world. 65,438+0,998 generated 676.2 million kWh.
Agricultural soil is barren and agriculture is underdeveloped. The specialty is aloe vera, which is used to make cosmetics and medicines. 1996 fishing 160 tons.
Tourism is the pillar of the national economy. The area has abundant sunshine all year round, pleasant climate and unique tropical scenery. The famous "Palm Beach" and the rocks of early Indians
This cave attracts many tourists. The number of hotel rooms has increased from 2368 in 1986 to 1994 and 63 13. 1999 received 906266 tourists, including 647437 overnight tourists.
There are 267,829 tourists by boat. Tourists mainly come from America, Central and South America and Europe.
transport
There is no railway.
The expressway is 380 kilometers long and has an all-weather expressway network. 1998, there are 37,669 cars, 339 buses, 400 taxis, 734 trucks and 3,496 other vehicles.
Waterway traffic is developed, and Oranestad, the main port, can berth ocean-going ships. 1998 has 476 oil tankers and 266 cruise ships.
The capital Beat Rix International Airport has air routes connecting the United States, Europe, Central America, South America and Caribbean countries. Flight 1998 ***3 1468.
Finance and money
The financial revenue and expenditure of 1996 to 1996 are as follows (unit: Netherlands Antilles):
1996 1996
Income 6.03 6.46
Expenditure 6. 12 6.94
Difference -0.09-0.49
(Source: 1997/ 1998 Economic Quarterly Review)
1996 * * The foreign debt is1980,000 USD. At the end of 1996, the foreign exchange reserve (excluding gold) was1800,000 US dollars, and the gold reserve at the end of 1996 was 26.6 million US dollars.
foreign trade
1999, export value14130,000 USD, import value 20.06? A billion dollars. The main imported products are mineral fuels and lubricants, machinery and transportation equipment, food, chemical products and so on. primary
Export products include fossil fuels and lubricants, raw materials, etc. The main trade targets are the United States, Venezuela and so on.
foreign aid
Foreign aid mainly depends on the Netherlands. However, Dutch aid has decreased in the past two years. 1993, the Netherlands provided $23 million in development assistance and multilateral institutions provided $2.3 million.
Economic groups
Aruba Chamber of Commerce and Industry: founded at 1930. Mailing address: Zoutmanstraat 2 1, POB 140,
Oranjestad. Tel: (8)2 1666. Fax: (8)33962. Chairman M.S.Kuiperi and Executive Director L.C. Su Ze.
People's lives
The government provides residents with free medical care. There is a modern hospital aided by the Netherlands on the island. In 1994, there were 19000 televisions, 40000 radios and 26049 telephones.
military affairs
The Netherlands is in charge of defense. Implement compulsory military service. The governor appointed by the Netherlands is the commander-in-chief of the island's armed forces. The Netherlands stationed its navy in Aruba.
[cultural education]
Education is compulsory. The education system is similar to that of Holland. Primary education begins at the age of six and lasts for six years. Secondary education lasts for five years. 199 1 year The adult illiteracy rate is about 3%.
1994 government expenditure on education accounts for about 22.8% of the budget. The schools, students and teachers from 65438 to 0996 are as follows:
School (college) students (people) teachers (people)
Primary school 34 7606 367
Junior high school 9 2 132 12 1
Senior high school 1 1263 68
Technical and Vocational School 13 2778 208
Xiao Xue, Fan Shi 1 7 1 22
Schools for the disabled 3 266 36
University 1 300?
News and publication
There are six kinds of daily newspapers, mainly: Friends of Aruba, founded in 1884, Dutch Daily, with a circulation of 1 1000 (including in the Netherlands Antilles); News, English
A daily newspaper with a circulation of 8,228 copies. There is Aruba News Agency. Dutch News Agency and Associated Press have offices on the island. In addition to a religious and cultural radio station, there are six radio stations.
For commercial radio stations. All broadcasts are in Dutch, English, Spanish and Papiamentu.
Aruba TV is a commercial TV station, established in 1963.
If you are satisfied, please accept it.