(1) Process of Ecological Engineering Planning and Design
The general process of ecological engineering planning and design is: ecological survey, systematic diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation, ecological zoning and ecological engineering design, supporting technology, ecological regulation.
(2) ecological zoning and ecological engineering design
Based on the results of ecological survey, system diagnosis and comprehensive evaluation, ecological zoning, ecological engineering design based on ecological zoning. Ecological zoning is based on the natural geographic conditions, regional ecological and economic relations and similarities and differences in the structure and function of the agro-ecological and economic systems, the entire region is divided into different types of ecological areas. Existing zoning methods include empirical method, index method, type method, superposition method, cluster analysis method, etc. According to the principles and indexes of zoning, the ecological zoning is carried out by applying the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, and the ecological zoning map is drawn.
(3) Evaluation of ecological engineering
(1). Evaluation indexes of ecological engineering
There are many different evaluation indexes for different types of ecological engineering, which have different traits, and it is difficult to make a direct comparison between different indexes. The evaluation indexes of ecological engineering constitute the evaluation index system, and the index system is generally divided into three layers, the first layer of comprehensive benefits, the second layer of economic, ecological and social benefits, and the third layer of various specific indicators.
(2). Methods of ecological engineering evaluation
There are various methods of ecological engineering evaluation, such as empirical assessment method, single indicator evaluation method, comprehensive grading scoring method, multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method, each of which has its own shortcomings and advantages, some of which are simple and easy to implement, but more subjective, and some of which are more rigorous, but more complicated to calculate.