The Qinghai-Tibet Railway starts from Xining City in Qinghai Province and ends in Lhasa, capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, with a total length of 1,956 kilometers.
The second phase of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway under construction, the Golmud-Lhasa section, with a total length of 1,118 kilometers, is a landmark project for China's implementation of western development. The Gerla section starts from Golmud, an emerging industrial city in the Qaidam Basin in western Qinghai Province, and passes through Nachitai, Kunlun Mountains, Wudaoliang, Totuo River, Yanshiping, over the Tanggula Mountains, and then through Amdo, Nagchu, Dangxiong, and Yangbajing on the plateau in northern Tibet, and goes all the way to the south to reach Lhasa. It will cross more than 550 kilometers of permafrost section, the average altitude of the entire line in 4500 meters above sea level, the highest track will be across the altitude of 5072 meters of the Tanggula mountain pass. This steel artery total investment of 26.21 billion yuan, plans to pave the way in 2006, July 1, 2007, the entire line was opened to traffic.
The towering peaks, sheep snowy areas, the vast Gobi ...... ancient and mysterious Tibetan Plateau for thousands of years silent and lonely. Here although the land, beautiful and rich, but in the past due to economic, social, natural and other conditions, transportation is closed, logistics is not smooth, the plateau people can only long stick to the self-sufficiency of the manor economy. Until 1949, the whole of Tibet only 1 kilometer of road can drive cars, water transportation is just a zip line bridge, cowhide boats and canoes.
In order to promote the economic development of the plateau region, as early as the 1950s, the party and the state made efforts to study and solve the problem of Tibet railroad construction. After starting construction in 1958, stopping and slowing down in 1960, and swinging back to construction in 1974, the 814-kilometer section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway from Xining to Golmud was opened to traffic in 1984.
No other railroad in the world can be so shocking and exciting, in "the most mysterious place other than the moon" - the Tibetan Plateau, a world-renowned steel dragon is winding forward, it will break through the forbidden zone of life, crossing the Gobi Kunlun, flying over the cracks of the Gobi. Gobi Kunlun, fly frame rift valley rift valley ...... it with indisputable facts to tell the world: it is the world's highest altitude, the line of the longest plateau railroad!
■ The world's highest plateau tundra tunnel - Wind Volcano Tunnel
The Wind Volcano Tunnel is located at an altitude of 5010 meters on the Wind Volcano, the total length of 1,338 meters, the track surface elevation of 4905 meters, all located in the permanent plateau permafrost, the world's highest elevation, the longest across the tundra area. The plateau permafrost tunnel, "the world's first high tunnel".
Coming to the Wind Volcano Tunnel, first of all, the tunnel entrance before the giant couplet attracted: "ride the white clouds caressing the blue sky to fight the snow bound dragon, step on the wind inviting the moon through the world's tallest tunnel". Wind volcano area climate environment is extremely harsh, the average annual temperature of minus 7 degrees Celsius, the lowest temperature of minus 40 degrees Celsius or so, cold, lack of oxygen.
More than 300 builders of China Railway Bureau 20 from Xianyang, Shaanxi participated in the battle to open the Wind Volcano Tunnel. In order to solve the problem of lack of oxygen in the plateau, they built the highest altitude oxygen generating station in the world, and in the tunnel construction, diffuse oxygen supply to the cave, so that the oxygen content in the cave is increased, which fundamentally solves the problem of lack of oxygen in the plateau construction. At the same time, China Railway Bureau 20 also equips each staff dormitory with oxygen absorbing equipment and provides anti-hypoxia drugs to ensure that each staff can absorb enough oxygen. Due to the scientific measures taken, in the whole line of Qinghai-Tibet Railway construction, although the construction conditions here are the most severe, the incidence rate of plateau disease among the workers is the lowest in the whole line.
October 18, 2001, the wind volcano tunnel hit the first shot, produced the abandoned ballast is shocking. These abandoned ballast soil content is about 15% to 20%, tunnel geological structure is mainly soil ice layer, saturated frozen soil, original glacier, fissure ice, sandstone, mudstone and mud and sand interlayer. Wind volcano tunnel is listed as the first of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway line of key projects, known as "the word of the day the first project".
In order to ensure the quality of construction, China Railway Bureau invested more than 52 million yuan, the purchase of domestic first-class tunnel construction equipment, in the hole to realize the rail transportation, built a high-pressure steam boiler, heater station and the hole insulation, cooling system, to solve a series of difficult problems such as temperature control of concrete construction in the hole, on October 19, 2002, the wind volcano tunnel! -The world's highest plateau tundra tunnel after the builders of a whole year of struggle, finally passed through.
■ The world's longest plateau tundra tunnel - Kunlun Mountain Tunnel
At an altitude of 4,648 meters of the Kunlun Mountain Tunnel cave June snow, four seasons a day, cold and lack of oxygen, the oxygen content of only half of the mainland plains, the lowest temperature of minus 30 degrees Celsius.
Fighting here in the Qinghai-Tibet Railway builders, braving the harsh natural environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, building the world's longest plateau tundra tunnel. Tunneling in the tundra is much more difficult than in the plains. Every summer, the temperature inside the tunnel rises, sometimes up to about 7 degrees Celsius, at such temperatures the permafrost is easy to melt, the hole from time to time there is ice slag fall down, to the construction of great difficulties. In order to prevent and minimize the impact of permafrost disease on the tunnel's solid performance, in the Kunlun Mountain Tunnel construction has taken more than twice the procedures than in the plains. Tunnel construction in the plains only in the anchor spray support, plus a layer of concrete can be, but in the tundra tunnel construction, but also need to set up two waterproofing and a thermal insulation board, play a role in waterproofing and heat preservation, and then finally lined with a concrete. This is equivalent to the tunnel to wear a waterproof warm clothes, effectively solve the tundra tunnel construction problems.
In order to protect the physical and mental health of construction workers, China Railway Bureau Five Four stipulates a four-hour shift operation system, provides sufficient oxygen to workers in the tunnel every day, and regularly checks the air quality in the tunnel. In the Kunlun Mountain Tunnel entrance, a yellow ventilation pipe is like a ribbon across the tunnel, this ribbon will be outside the tunnel of fresh air into the tunnel, to ensure that the tunnel construction of oxygen content. They also set up a first aid center at the tunnel entrance, and established a hyperbaric oxygen warehouse at the site, and the staff dormitory is also equipped with oxygen cylinders. At the same time, quarterly physical examination of employees, if found unwell, immediately sent to Golmud treatment.
Kunlun Mountain Tunnel in September 25, 2002 through.
■The world's highest railway station - Tanggula station
June 29 this year, the highest railway station along the Gera section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway - Tanggula station groundbreaking, this station is also the world's highest railway station.
Tanggula station is located at an altitude of 5,068 meters Tanggula mountain pass permafrost area, covers an area of about 77,000 square meters, designed for three strands. Tanggula station after completion will mainly adapt to the needs of the train will give way. The station is constructed by the Sixth Project Department under the 18th Bureau. According to the geographical location and geological characteristics of this station, the engineering design adopts a schist ventilated roadbed. This design can keep the permafrost temperature relatively stable in order to reduce the disturbance to the permafrost and achieve the purpose of effectively protecting the permafrost.
Tanggula Station was completed in August 2004, when it will become a major attraction on the 1,000-mile Qinghai-Tibet route.
■China's largest plateau railroad laying base -- Nanshangkou laying base of Qinghai-Tibet Railway
From the starting point of the Gera section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, Golmud City, about 30 kilometers southward, we came to the largest and highest grade plateau laying base in the history of China's railroad construction.
The Nanshangkou base of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is located at an altitude of 3,050 meters above sea level.
The scale and technical content of Nanshangkou Laying Base of Qinghai-Tibet Railway are the first in the history of China's railroad construction. At the beginning of the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, this place is still filled with yellow sand, rare and desolate. Since June 29, 2001, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway began construction of the horn blowing, China Railway Bureau more than 500 workers in this barren land on the resistance to lack of oxygen, the top of the wind and sand, the wind, food and shelter, played the man and nature's battle and railroad construction technology, management level of the war, overcome the difficulties, raised the Qinghai-Tibet Railway started the "leading" flag. "
Paving the railway is the first step in the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
Laying frame base from March last year to start the installation of machinery and equipment, debugging, nail joint production line from April to start trial production. Guo Xiuchun said, Nanshangkou paving base bear the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Nanshangkou to Amdo section of the track paving task. Qinghai-Tibet Railway through the line across the "roof of the world", due to the high cold, lack of oxygen, low pressure, coupled with large slope, temperature difference, wind and sand, thunder and lightning and other unfavorable factors, to the construction and transportation has brought great difficulties. At present, the domestic production of track-laying machine, bridge-crossing machine and internal combustion locomotives in the average altitude of 4000 meters on the Tibetan plateau power drop nearly half, the general maximum gradient adaptability of twelve thousandths of a percent, and because of the lack of oxygen, fuel combustion is not sufficient to produce a large number of exhaust gas, resulting in environmental pollution. The maximum gradient of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is designed to be 20 thousandths of a percent, and the harsh climate conditions and special geographical environment become a "roadblock" for the railroad pavement. To this end, China Railway Bureau mobilized experts with rich experience in paving and framing, transformed domestic track-laying and bridge-laying machinery and internal combustion locomotives, and put forward a series of specific solutions and measures, such as the development of supplemental oxygen pressurization equipment, transformation of machinery, rolling stock equipment, and the prevention of severe cold, wind and sand, lightning and other specific solutions and measures. After the transformation of track-laying and bridge-laying machines and internal combustion locomotives, in the twenty-two-thousandths of a ramp operation, power performance is good, normal operation of equipment, environmental pollution is minimal. This scientific research results to fill the domestic plateau paving technology on the blank, so as to provide equipment for the Qinghai-Tibet Railway paving protection.
From June 29 last year, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway began to lay tracks, China Railway Bureau to lay tracks 3000 meters per day, 3.5 holes per day bridge speed, uninterruptedly will be the steel avenue to the direction of Lhasa. They created the highest daily track paving 6575 meters, day bridge 6.5 holes of the record, this speed and the plains paving speed is basically comparable, and to ensure the safety and quality.
■The longest "bridge instead of road" project on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway - Qingshui River Bridge
Qingshui River Bridge is located in the Cocosily uninhabited area at an altitude of more than 4,500 meters, with a total length of 11.7 kilometers, and is the longest "bridge instead of road" project on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. It is the longest bridge on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and also the key control project for the construction of the entire Gera section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
Ching Shuihe Bridge is like a beautiful rainbow, flying over the average altitude of 4,600 meters above the core of the Cocoanutian National Nature Reserve. Here in Cocoanutilian cold and lack of oxygen, sparse vegetation, ecological fragility. At the same time here in the plateau permafrost section, permafrost thickness of more than 20 meters, and high ice content, which gave the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has increased the difficulty. In order to solve the problem of the construction of plateau permafrost area and protect the nature reserve, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway survey and design experts have taken the "bridge instead of road" measures.
The seasonal temperature difference in the Qingshuihe area is obvious, with the highest temperature reaching 38 degrees Celsius in summer and the lowest temperature reaching minus 40 degrees Celsius in winter. In such climatic conditions, hot melting lakes and ponds, dark rivers, and freezing balls will appear in the permafrost area. In addition to the surface can be seen in the hot melt lakes and ponds, to the summer, the temperature rises, permafrost melting, but also in the underground 20 meters to 30 meters between the formation of the dark river; and to the winter, hot melt lakes and ponds and dark river due to the sharp drop in temperature, the formation of the surface of the frozen up ball. If the problem of frozen soil is not dealt with properly, the constructed railroad will become an uneven rubbing road, leaving operation hidden dangers. Due to the harsh weather conditions, individual bridge piers due to the cold appeared tortoise, in order to ensure the quality of the piers, China Railway Twelfth Bureau Command has blown up three such piers.
On October 29 last year, the main project of the Qingshui River Bridge was completed. Under the bridge, which is winding away like a dragon, more than 1,300 holes between the piers are available for wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes to migrate freely. Now, the railroad tracks have been successfully paved from the bridge through. In the mysterious and beautiful uninhabited area of Cocosilia, the Qingshuihe Railway Bridge has become a fascinating landscape.
■ Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the first high bridge - Sanqiaohe Bridge
From the northern edge of the Kunlun Mountains on the Nachidai up 15 kilometers, a majestic bridge rises up, like a giant's arms to support the speeding train. This bridge is the highest bridge along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway - Three Forks Bridge. Three Forks River Bridge is 690.19 meters long, the bridge deck from the valley floor 54.1 meters, is the highest railroad bridge along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. It *** there are 20 piers, 17 of which are round thin-walled hollow piers, the top wall of the pier body the thinnest place is only 30 centimeters.
Three Forks River Bridge is located at an altitude of more than 3800 meters in the high mountain valley. Here the alluvial strata of the formation of the canyon, as if a sharp axe will be a high mountain split from the two ends of the Three Forks of the River Bridge is suspended in the terrain on top of the steep cliffs.
Three companies of China Railway Fourteen Bureau undertook the construction of the Three Forks River Bridge. Construction of a bridge of similar size would take two years on the mainland. But the bridge is the key control project of the Gera section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which bears the task of laying rails and transporting materials, so the control period for the construction of the bridge was only given one year. In order to ensure the completion of the bridge, they had to seize the time, that is, the cold winter must also be constructed. In January and February, the local temperature as low as minus 30 degrees Celsius, pier concrete pouring first to solve the problem of heat preservation. After repeated experiments, they adopted the template through the steam insulation, template outside the stove, outside the quilt, tarpaulin method, hard in the ice world to create a relatively warm environment.
After the tenacity of the builders, the Three Forks Bridge from August 22, 2001 to start construction, completed on schedule on August 30 last year.
■ The source of the Yangtze River, the first railroad bridge - Yangtze River Source Bridge
Standing in front of the "Yangtze River Source" environmental monument looking at the Tuo Tuo River, only to see a bridge pier quietly standing in the river. Clear water flowing downstream around the bridge piers. Here is the source of the Yangtze River is the first bridge - Yangtze River source bridge location.
The Yangtze River Source Bridge is 1389.6 meters long, *** there are 42 holes, across a wide riverbed of about 1300 meters. The bridge site is located in the Tuo Tuo River basin is the Tibetan Plateau permafrost region in the abdomen of the large river melt area, both permafrost and melt area of the dual characteristics of the construction has brought certain difficulties. From November 24, 2001 since the start of construction, the Yangtze River Bridge construction progress is very smooth, the main project has been completed on September 25 last year, more than 300 days earlier than the date of the project requirements. At present the whole bridge drilled piles have gone through nondestructive testing, the pass rate reached 100%.
Construction at the source of Yangtze River is most concerned about environmental protection. China Railway Third Bureau has taken various measures to protect the environment here from pollution. The mud generated in the construction of bored piles is subject to secondary sedimentation, and it is strictly prohibited to discharge the unsedimented mud directly into the river, and the water precipitated from the sedimentation tank is used for watering the roadbed construction and the right-of-way. And other waste materials, slag and so on should be concentrated and disposed of to the construction of the abandoned soil pit, to be leveled. As for the care of local vegetation, do not disturb the wildlife, etc., is the workers follow the guidelines.
■ Environmental protection investment in the most railroad construction projects
The construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is facing the fragile ecological, cold and lack of oxygen in the environment and the geological structure of the permafrost and other three major problems of railroad construction in the world. In order to protect the blue sky of the plateau, clear lake water, rare wildlife, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway only environmental protection investment amounted to more than 2 billion yuan, accounting for 8% of the total investment in the project, is currently China's government environmental protection investment in the railroad construction project, and in the construction of the first time in the country to introduce environmental protection supervision, for the first time with the local environmental protection departments to sign the environmental protection responsibility statement; for the first time for the wildlife to open up migratory corridors located in the Kokosil National Nature Reserve. The Qingshui River Bridge in the Ke Ke Sili National Nature Reserve is the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, which is specially constructed for the migration of Tibetan antelopes and other wild animals.
■ One of the highest treatment of civilian workers in the railroad project
In order to overcome the harsh environment of high temperature and lack of oxygen, to protect the life and health of railroad builders. The Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Health jointly issued a document for the first time in the history of China's engineering and construction to make detailed provisions specifically for medical and health care protection, and invested nearly 200 million yuan to establish medical and health care protection points along the entire line. Nowadays, all the key construction sections along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway are basically equipped with advanced equipments such as high-pressure oxygen silos, which effectively solves the difficulty of lack of oxygen for the builders. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway is also one of the railroad projects with the highest treatment for civil workers, and the railroad department has invested a huge amount of money in the management of civil workers to implement the three unification: "unified life, unified residence and unified diet"; for the first time, the daily minimum wage for civil workers was stipulated, and free medical protection was implemented for civil workers. In order to overcome the problem of permafrost, the Ministry of Railways has attached great importance to the problem of permafrost in Qinghai-Tibet Railway since the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway began, and has arranged hundreds of millions of yuan of scientific research funds for the research of permafrost, and organized experts from many scientific research colleges and universities to carry out scientific research in the five experimental sections of permafrost project of Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and obtained a large amount of scientific research data and scientific research results. The frozen soil research of Qinghai-Tibet Railway draws on the frozen soil construction experience of large-scale projects such as Qinghai-Tibet Highway, Qinghai-Tibet Oil Pipeline and Lanxila Optical Fiber Cable, and explores and draws on the frozen soil research results of Russia, Canada and Scandinavian countries. At present, China's scientists have taken measures such as bridge instead of road, schist ventilated roadbed, ventilated pipe roadbed, gravel and schist berms, heat rods, heat preservation panels, comprehensive anti-drainage system, etc., and significant progress has been made in permafrost research, and the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has become the largest permafrost research base in China and even in the world.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the highest railroad in the world, has created many domestic and foreign "firsts" in the construction process due to the three major global problems of fragile ecology, alpine cold and lack of oxygen, and permafrost.
In terms of engineering construction, the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Golmud to Lhasa section of the total length of 1,142 kilometers, through the elevation of 4,000 meters above the section of 960 kilometers, the highest point for the elevation of 5,072 meters of the Tanggula Mountain Pass, the average elevation of 4,500 meters, through the permafrost zone of more than 550 kilometers. Whether it is the altitude, high altitude areas, the total mileage, or permafrost section mileage, are ranked first in the world.
Tanggula Mountain station at an altitude of 5,068 meters, is the world's highest railroad station, 4,905 meters above sea level wind volcano tunnel, is the world's highest tundra tunnel. The 11.7-kilometer-long Qingshuihe Bridge, located in the Cococli National Nature Reserve, is the world's longest railroad bridge built on the tundra of the plateau, and is the longest bridge built for the Tibetan antelope and other wildlife migrations along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
Ando paving base at an altitude of 4,700 meters is the highest paving base in the world; Nanshangkou paving base at an altitude of 3,050 meters is the largest plateau paving base in Asia.
In terms of ecological and environmental protection, the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway has been monitored throughout the whole process: it is the first time that environmental protection supervision has been introduced into the construction of the project in China; it is the first time that a responsibility statement for environmental protection has been signed with the local environmental protection department; it is the first time that the goal of "creating double excellence in quality and environmental protection" has been raised in the history of the construction of the railroad; it is the first time that large areas of turf have been transplanted; and it is the first time that a migration corridor has been opened up for wildlife. Migratory channel ......
The great importance attached to the environmental protection work, so that the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway for the environmental protection aspects of the project is expected to reach more than 2 billion yuan, accounting for 8% of the total investment in the project. Lu Chunfang, general director of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction Headquarters, said that the environmental protection investment and the proportion accounted for is so large, which is the first time in the history of domestic construction.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway has also created many new records in terms of paying attention to the life and health of builders. For the first time in the history of China's engineering construction, the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Health jointly issued a document to make detailed and specific regulations on medical and health protection. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway, for the first time in China's engineering construction, invested nearly 200 million yuan to establish three levels of medical and health protection points along the whole line.
In addition, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has become the largest permafrost research base in China and even in the world; more than 100 million yuan has been invested in scientific research on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. (Source: Xinhua Tibet Channel)
When the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was built to the doorstep, the party secretary of Gulu Township in Nagchu County, Ngawang, was a little worried: this is the most beautiful area of the Qiangtang grassland in northern Tibet, and the construction of the railroad will not destroy the grassland? But the railroad builders in the Gulu wetlands to build a train station, invested more than 1.1 million yuan, successfully transplanted and constructed more than 80,000 square meters of man-made wetlands. Awang was relieved: "Although the construction of the railroad took up some grassland, the greenness of the area has not been reduced." At present, Gulu wetland turf transplantation survival rate of more than 98%, has been a natural wetland with the plateau.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway has a total length of 1,142 kilometers, of which 960 kilometers are built in high-altitude areas above 4,000 meters. Over the past four years, more than 100,000 railroad builders have cracked the three major worldwide engineering technical problems of "ecological fragility, alpine cold and lack of oxygen, and many years of frozen soil" with the spirit of "challenging the limit and creating the first-class", and have made world-renowned achievements.
The ecology of the plateau has not been significantly affected
The Tibetan Plateau is the birthplace of the great rivers, but also an important center of origin of the world's mountain biological species, the ecological environment is primitive, unique and fragile. State Environmental Protection Administration, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Railways in the railroad before the commencement of construction, the formation of a joint expert group on ecological and environmental protection along the line of in-depth research, the development of specific environmental protection measures, and special budget of more than 1 billion yuan for ecological and environmental protection projects.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction Headquarters Party Committee Deputy Secretary Cai Fan said, in order to solve the "ecological fragility" of this problem, the railroad in the design of attention to minimize the impact on the ecology. In the nature reserve, the railroad line follows the principle of "can avoid to avoid" for planning. Construction sites, right-of-way, sand and gravel quarries have been repeatedly surveyed to avoid destroying vegetation as much as possible. For the sections where vegetation is difficult to grow, the construction adopts section-by-section transplantation; for the sections with slightly better natural conditions, artificial cultivation of turf is carried out. Participating units and the environmental protection departments of Qinghai and Tibet have signed environmental protection responsibility, take the initiative to accept the supervision and inspection, the whole line has also implemented the environmental protection supervision system.
The Qinghai-Tibet Railway passes through two national nature reserves, namely Coco Sicily and Qiangtang. In order to protect wildlife, 25 wildlife migration corridors have been built along the railroad. In June this year, electronic monitoring by the Qinghai-Tibet Railway Construction Headquarters confirmed that a large number of Tibetan antelopes migrated freely through the wildlife passages along the railroad. Investigations by the General Administration of Environmental Protection and other departments have shown that since the start of construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, permafrost, vegetation, wetland environments, natural landscapes, and water quality of rivers and streams along the route have been effectively protected, and the ecological environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has not been significantly affected.
Creating a miracle without a case of plateau disease death
The section of Qinghai-Tibet Railway with an altitude of 4000 meters above sea level accounts for about 85% of the whole line, with an annual average temperature below zero degree Celsius, and the oxygen content of the air in most of the areas is only 50%-60% of that of the mainland. Alpine cold and lack of oxygen, sandstorms, ultraviolet rays, natural sources of disease, known as the limit of human survival "forbidden zone". How to ensure the safety of builders in the harsh environment of the plateau is also a worldwide problem.
Deputy Secretary of the General Command Party Committee Cai Fan said, in order to solve this problem, the construction units adhere to the "people-oriented, health protection first", the establishment of a sound three-tier medical security institutions. Railroad along the line **** set up 115 medical institutions, equipped with more than 600 medical personnel, workers sick in half an hour to get effective treatment. At the same time, the staff to carry out regular medical checkups, arranged for employees to the low altitude areas of rotation.
During the construction of the Kunlun Mountain Tunnel at an altitude of more than 4,600 meters, the construction workers carry 5-kilogram oxygen bottles on their backs and work while inhaling oxygen, and in the construction for nearly a year, **** consumed 120,000 bottles of oxygen in 5-kilogram bottles. China Railway 17 Bureau in the construction site dormitory installation of oxygen pipeline, as long as you open the valve, you can always inhale oxygen. In the construction of the wind volcano tunnel at an altitude of 4905 meters, China Railway Bureau 20 built a large oxygen generation station to deliver oxygen to the construction tunnel, so that the oxygen content in the tunnel reaches about 80%, which is equivalent to making the construction site drop in altitude by more than 1,000 meters. It is understood that the Qinghai-Tibet Railway along the line **** established 17 oxygen station, equipped with 25 high-pressure oxygen chamber, tens of thousands of workers each day on average no less than 2 hours of oxygen.
In the strong medical security system, the Qinghai-Tibet Railway since the start of construction, the cumulative total of more than 45.3 million patients, the treatment of cerebral edema 427 cases, 841 cases of pulmonary edema, without a case of death, creating a miracle in the history of plateau medicine.