After the installation of tower crane is completed, it should be reported to the safety supervision station of Chongqing Construction Committee for the record and go through the licensing procedures. It can only be put into use after acceptance. The reinforcement of viaduct structure is processed on site, and the tower crane is transported to the construction operation surface for installation; The concrete adopts commercial concrete, which is transported to the working face by transport tanker, pumped into the mould by delivery pump and vibrated manually. Arrange a special person to command when hoisting the tower crane.
In view of the unsafe factors existing in tower crane hoisting, the site pays close attention to the improvement of the safety conditions of the construction environment, eliminates the unsafe factors as far as possible, ensures the safe use of hoisting machinery, machines and tools, and rigging, and further improves protective articles and protective measures. In view of the "unsafe behavior" of the operators themselves, through regular and irregular safety education, the awareness and habit of implementing safety technical regulations and rules are improved, so that the operators can fully understand the installation regulations and form the habit of correct operation. The main safety measures are as follows:
1. Before hoisting, the condition of the hoisted materials or components, such as whether the binding points are firm, must be checked in detail. , and set up warning lines and obvious warning signs within the scope of tower crane construction. The safety inspection of machines and tools includes external inspection, correctness inspection, verification inspection and performance test. When problems are found, inform the project department in time and deal with them immediately, and must not be careless.
2. It is forbidden to hoist large objects such as steel formwork and steel bars when the wind force is above 6, and the wind speed shall not exceed 5. Hoisting operations should be carried out during the day. If lifting operation is carried out at night, there must be sufficient lighting. Dismantling the tower crane shall not be carried out in fog, heavy rain or heavy snow. In the process of hoisting, if it is interrupted for some reason, reliable safety measures must be taken in time, and it is not allowed to stay suspended overnight.
3. When lifting objects, set up warning lines and obvious warning signs within the scope of tower crane construction, assign personnel to maintain the site, and non-working personnel are strictly prohibited from entering.
4. During hoisting operation, "five no-hoisting" should be achieved: command gestures or signals are unclear and no-hoisting; Do not hang if the weight and center of gravity are unknown; Overload does not hang; The line of sight is unclear; Don't hang up if the binding is not firm or the hook method is wrong.
5. When tying the sling, the position of the sling should be determined according to the center of gravity of the object. When lifting with two or more supporting points, the included angle between ropes at the hook should not be greater than 60 degrees. The position and direction of slings should be correct, and the ropes, snap rings and lifting wire ropes used should comply with the safety regulations of lifting operation. The sling should be fastened and the hook should be closed to prevent the rope from slipping during lifting. When binding articles with sharp edges or corners, the place where the rope touches the articles should be padded with sacks, rubber, etc. When lifting long and large objects, you should fasten the cable. It is forbidden to use large-diameter ropes to bind smaller components for hoisting. When binding thin-walled cylindrical objects, measures must be taken to prevent the rope buckle from slipping off, and wooden boards with equal thickness should be padded along the circumferential direction to increase mutual friction and disperse the squeezing force of the rope on the cylinder wall. At the same time, check the local stability of the container at the binding place, and take reinforcement measures in the container when necessary.
6. When lifting, there should be someone to command the signal. The signalman should be a person with strong sense of responsibility and rich production experience. Before lifting, you should reach an agreement with the driver on the command signal, and you must concentrate on your work. The lifting operation command signal shall be commanded by interphone combined with gesture signal, and the signal shall be clear and accurate. The driver should obey the command of the signalman, and it is forbidden for other personnel to talk or command with the driver at will. If it is found that the lifting situation is not good, it must be handled by the signalman, except in an emergency.
7. Before lifting the object, confirm the actual weight of the lifted object and keep it vertical. If it is not clear, it should be determined by the operator or technician. Carry out trial hoisting according to hoisting requirements. When lifting objects, first lift the objects off the ground 10 ~ 20cm, and then continue lifting after checking that there is no abnormality. After the object is stressed, it is necessary to check the stress changes of the ground anchor, mast, cable wind rope, pulley block, hoist and all stressed parts. It is forbidden to drag or hang objects obliquely with hooks, and it is forbidden to pull out objects buried underground or with unknown weight on the ground. It is forbidden to overload and lift heavy objects, and arrange full-time personnel for regular maintenance. If any abnormality is found, regular maintenance should be carried out.
8. When lifting objects, it is forbidden to stand under the area and heavy objects involved in the rotation of the boom, not close to the hoisted object or stick your head into the hoisted object to observe the situation, and not to stand on the hoisted object. Operators must not stay near the loaded rigging, especially inside the loaded rigging. When the hanging object rotates, it is advisable to hang the working object to a place more than 0.5 meters away from the obstacles that may be encountered. When placing objects, put them down slowly. Before loosening the hook, make sure that the object is placed stably and firmly to prevent the object from tipping over and hurting people.
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