Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is a disease caused by enterovirus infection. Generally, younger children are more likely to be infected with HFMD virus because of their lower resistance. For infants under 4 months, HFMD can be infected by the following reasons. Parents should pay more attention to these situations when taking care of their babies.
2 Under what circumstances will a four-month-old baby have hand, foot and mouth disease 1, and contact with people with hand, foot and mouth disease, for example, Dabao at home has been infected with hand, foot and mouth disease, and playing with four-month-old Bauer can easily lead to Bauer's hand, foot and mouth disease; Secondly, adults were infected with hand-foot-mouth disease virus when they went out at the peak of hand-foot-mouth disease, and then went home to hug or kiss a four-month-old baby without washing their hands and disinfection, which led to the baby being infected with hand-foot-mouth disease.
2. Eat something with hand, foot and mouth disease virus. In addition, the four-month-old baby uses bottles, pacifiers, milk powder and so on. As a common food. If these things are contaminated with hand, foot and mouth disease virus, they will be taken away from the mouth, causing hand, foot and mouth disease.
3. Contact with something with hand, foot and mouth disease virus. Finally, it is easy for parents to overlook that the four-month-old baby is exposed to something with hand, foot and mouth disease virus at home or in the hospital. For example, Dabao is infected with hand, foot and mouth disease, parents' floors, walls, toilets, toys and so on. Need disinfection. If it is not done well, it is easy for Bao Xiao to be infected with hand, foot and mouth disease.
3 How to prevent the four-month-old baby from being infected with hand, foot and mouth disease 1, don't go out during the high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease from April to July, and try to avoid taking the baby out unless it is for medical treatment. Once you go out, you should avoid going to crowded places. If you go to the hospital, you should avoid children's contact with medical equipment and other children, so as not to get hand, foot and mouth disease in the hospital.
2. Do a good job of disinfection at home. Whether there are children with hand, foot and mouth disease at home or not, the following disinfection work should be done, such as:
(1) Children's daily necessities such as toys, used milk utensils, tableware or other clothes should be thoroughly disinfected;
(2) Children's bottles and nipples should be fully cleaned and boiled for 20 minutes before use (counting water after boiling);
(3) Children's clothing, bedding and other fabrics should be washed separately and soaked in hot water above 70℃ for at least 30 minutes;
(4) Disinfection of toys, school supplies, some furniture, floors and walls is invalid. If it can be scrubbed or soaked with alcohol, it needs to be scrubbed, soaked or sprayed with disinfectant containing 500 mg/L effective chlorine;
(5) Articles that need to be disinfected can be exposed to the sun, but only on the surface of objects that can be irradiated by the sun.
3. Do not eat foods other than breast milk and milk powder. For a four-month-old baby, just drink breast milk and milk powder. Never give children raw water or other unclean food, which will not only cause gastrointestinal discomfort, but also cause food allergy or poisoning.
4. Don't use other people's belongings at will, especially during the high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease. When we are not sure whether other children or adults are infected with hand, foot and mouth disease, don't let the baby use other people's things to avoid being infected with hand, foot and mouth disease.
5. Don't let others hug and kiss at will. At the same time, a four-month-old baby is very popular. It is inevitable that adults or other children will not ask for hugs and kisses. In this case, parents also need to avoid it, because others may carry the source of the disease, and this hug and kiss action is likely to infect the baby with hand, foot and mouth disease.
6. Pay attention to indoor and outdoor environmental sanitation. A clean environment helps to prevent diseases. Change, wash and dry clothes and bedding frequently. Open the window regularly every day to keep the indoor air fresh. Rooms should always be ventilated with windows to keep the air fresh. It is best to open the window for ventilation 2-3 times a day for at least 30 minutes each time.
7. Wash your hands frequently. Hand, foot and mouth disease is infected by unclean virus, so wash your hands frequently, before and after meals, after defecation or after play, to prevent viruses or dirt from touching your hands and then entering the human body through diet and infection.
8. Vaccination Vaccination with EV7 1 vaccine has a good and reliable protective effect on the hand, foot and mouth disease of the virus, which can reduce the occurrence of severe cases and deaths. But it can only prevent hand, foot and mouth disease caused by EV7 1 virus. It is recommended that four-month-old babies be vaccinated as soon as possible when they reach six months old.
9. Avoid 4-month-old babies getting hand, foot and mouth disease from wet nurses who are still drinking breast milk. If breastfeeding mothers are infected with hand, foot and mouth disease because they take care of Dabao or go out, they will also be infected and sick through breastfeeding or contact with their babies. Therefore, lactating mothers should also do relevant preventive work to avoid getting sick during the high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease.
10. Do a good job of isolation. If a baby at home has hand, foot and mouth disease, then the baby is only four months old. It is suggested to isolate two babies as soon as possible to avoid close contact and prevent hand, foot and mouth disease.
How should a four-month-old baby be infected with hand, foot and mouth disease? 1. See a doctor for diagnosis immediately. If my 4-month-old baby has symptoms of rash and oral ulcer on hands, feet and buttocks, parents should go to the hospital immediately, and the doctor will judge the severity of the illness and see if it is necessary to be hospitalized.
2. Be vigilant for younger babies with hand, foot and mouth disease, because the younger the baby, the more likely it is to become serious, so hospitalization is necessary, and it is recommended to follow the doctor's advice.
3. Family nursing treatment with mild illness Usually, 99% of children with hand, foot and mouth disease have mild symptoms, mainly fever and herpes, and only about 1% of children will have severe symptoms. Therefore, family symptomatic nursing treatment is the key point, and the following family nursing treatment needs to be done well:
(1) diet care
Give children liquid food, non-irritating food, avoid cold and spicy food, eat more light foods rich in vitamins and protein, encourage children to drink more warm water, and feed their babies more light, semi-liquid and digestible foods such as porridge and steamed eggs. Before and after meals, pay attention to let the baby rinse his mouth with salty water to keep his mouth clean.
(2) Skin rash nursing
The clothes worn by the baby should be soft to avoid the rough cloth cutting the rash. In addition, the baby's nails should be cut short, and if necessary, wrap the fingers with gauze. In addition, be careful not to puncture the rash to avoid infection. For babies, strengthen the cleaning and dry care of buttocks, try to avoid using diapers and reduce the occurrence of red buttocks.
(3) Nursing care of moderate and low fever
Most children with hand, foot and mouth disease will be accompanied by fever symptoms in the early stage. Generally, the heating temperature is moderately low and will not exceed 38.5 degrees. Parents can take the following nursing measures to reduce their children's fever:
1. Untie your clothes
If the child has a fever because of the underarm temperature, you can unbutton the neckline and coat, or put on light clothes, which will help the child to dissipate heat, make the child more comfortable and reduce crying.
Drink plenty of water
When a child has a fever, it is easy to lose more water in the body. Parents can feed their children some cold boiled water from time to time to replenish water in the body. In addition, drinking plenty of water can also take away some calories, regulate body temperature, make children comfortable, promote urination and discharge toxins.
3. Ventilation and heat dissipation
If you have a fever, you should also ensure indoor ventilation, pay attention to heat dissipation, dress generously and avoid using quilts. You can turn on the air conditioner in summer, and the room temperature should be controlled at around 27℃. Pay attention to regular window ventilation to make indoor air convection.
4. Cold and wet compress: soak the towel in cold water, twist it into a semi-dry shape, and apply it to the patient's forehead, face, armpit or groin and other large blood vessels. Replacing it every 3-5 minutes can reduce the temperature of blood vessels and help patients reduce fever. You can also wrap ice cubes in a towel or use an ice pillow. Especially the cold compress on the forehead can also protect the brain from being burned out.
Put on an antipyretic sticker
If the child has a fever, you can also use antipyretic stickers to cool down. Parents can put antipyretic stickers on their children's foreheads to cool down.
6. Children massage to reduce fever
Efficacy: clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome, sweating and reducing fever.
Suitable target: suitable for 100 days -6 years old children.
1. A nest of wind 500 times.
Operation: Rotate clockwise to knead the midpoint of the horizontal stripes on the back wrist of the operator's left hand.
Efficacy: relieving exterior syndrome and dispelling cold has the effect of warming middle energizer and dispelling cold.
2. Push Level 3 300 times
Operation: Push along the front of forearm, from the wrist striation to the elbow (one-way push, not back and forth).
Efficacy: It can nourish lung qi, sweat and relieve exterior syndrome.
3. Rub the migrant workers' palace 500 times.
Operation: Rotate clockwise to knead the middle part of the metacarpal bone of the operator's left hand, middle finger on the back of palm and ring finger.
Efficacy: Warming the middle warmer, dispelling cold, sweating and relieving exterior syndrome, and regulating qi and blood inward.
4. Clear skies for 500 times.
Operation: The operator holds the operator's palm with one hand, palm up, then holds Neilaogong point, and then puts the index finger and middle finger together with the other hand, pushing them from the wrist to the elbow.
Efficacy: clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome.
(4) Psychological nursing
For older children, we can communicate with them in a cordial way according to their physiological and personality characteristics, eliminate tension, cooperate with treatment as much as possible and promote recovery.
(5) Observation and nursing
Keep an eye on the development of your baby's condition and monitor your body temperature regularly. Generally, the body temperature can be measured every 4 hours. Pay attention to whether there is persistent high fever, listlessness, lethargy, or limb trembling, chills, convulsions, irritability, nonsense, hallucinations or convulsions. If the above situation occurs, it may progress to severe illness in a short time, and the child should be sent to the hospital immediately.