What are the main risks in the field of engineering and construction risks

The main risks in the field of engineering construction are:\x0d\1, bidding risk points \x0d\ to put an end to the "back-room" operation, to prevent the bidding process of the relationship between the standard, the form of the standard and accompanied by the bidding and other false phenomena occur. Strictly examine the bidding unit's legal personality, qualification level, quality performance, social reputation, etc., to eliminate the phenomenon of "hanging sheep's head, selling dog meat". Strict implementation of bid evaluation experts randomly selected, information disclosure fair, bid evaluation results publicity system, accept social and public opinion supervision. \x0d\2, construction unit management risk points \x0d\1), personnel and machinery and equipment \x0d\ according to the bidding documents on the winning construction unit's personnel qualifications to carry out rigorous checks and verifications, to ensure that the bidding commitment to the true presence of personnel. At the same time, supervise the construction unit to develop a specific management system for the procurement of materials and equipment, the use of funds, machinery leasing, engineering subcontracting, etc., to strengthen the supervision and management of the above links. \x0d\2), engineering change visa \x0d\\ engineering change design, shall be organized by the project owner of the original design unit and supervision, construction unit *** with the study program, after obtaining consensus, in accordance with the prescribed procedures for approval. For engineering earthwork, bridge and culvert, hidden works and other measurement of payment, in accordance with the progress of the project, strictly complete the supporting materials, requiring construction, supervision, tracking and auditing and the project manager to sign a complete party valid, in order to ensure that the funds standardized operation. \x0d\3), internal fund management system \x0d\\strictly in accordance with the relevant provisions of the construction funds accounted for in accordance with the relevant provisions of the construction funds strictly in accordance with the earmarking, special account storage, strictly prohibit the retention, squandering and misappropriation. At the same time, the use of funds and approval authority to make clear provisions for the disbursement of funds linked to the progress and quality of the project. Payments are made strictly in accordance with the contract, and no payments are made for works of human interest. \x0d\3, supervision unit risk points \x0d\\supervision unit as the owner entrusted professional regulatory bodies, in the construction of the project has greater rights, is the main object of the construction unit to pull together, they in order to their own economic interests they will try to cut corners and inflate the amount of work. In order to achieve the purpose, the main means is to find ways to pull together, corrosive supervision personnel, for its poor quality of the project signature recognition and its inflated amount of works signed. Therefore, the project manager to strengthen the supervision and management of the supervision and management unit is an important part of the integrity of the construction. \x0d\1) Supervisory personnel \x0d\\strengthen the supervision unit personnel qualification checks to eliminate the use of supervision enterprises in the form of hourly supervisory personnel, from the root to eliminate the "jianghu wandering supervisor". Reasonably equipped with supervision personnel, not one-sided pursuit of the number of supervision personnel and ignore the quality of supervision personnel, responsible supervision engineers can manage a good 10km roadbed or pavement project, the same 10 irresponsible supervision engineers may be poor management of 1km of roadbed or pavement project. To outlaw the lowest bid in the supervision of bidding methods, to let the good supervision enterprises to earn money, so that the excellent supervision engineers to get a high salary. By regulating market behavior, to attract high-quality, experienced and talented people to the supervision team. If the supervisory personnel have a high salary, coupled with strict management, they will flow in an orderly manner, they will love their jobs and will cherish their profession. Therefore, the reasonable staffing of supervision personnel and the reasonable expenditure of supervision funds are the fundamental ways to eliminate the corruption of supervision personnel. \x0d\2), supervision rights \x0d\"Absolute rights, will inevitably lead to absolute corruption", the project owner, if you do not strengthen the supervision rights of the monitoring, will provide a convenient condition for the occurrence of "corruption" behavior. Supervision of the right to monitor from easy to induce corruption "jerry-built", "false changes", "misrepresentation of the amount of work" and so on, first of all, on the supervision of the material testing, finished project Detection of the introduction of third-party testing, the project industry on the construction unit self-inspection data, supervision unit testing data and third-party testing unit testing data for comprehensive acceptance check, in the case of basic consistency of tripartite data, be confirmed. Secondly, the supervisor signed the acceptance of the acceptance of the process, the project manager should be reviewed to avoid collusion between the supervisor and the construction unit. Once again, the measurement of the project and changes in the project are strictly controlled, in principle, the measurement is carried out strictly in accordance with the number of bids, all changes in the owner is required to participate in the review and confirmation, and major changes are to be determined on-site by organizing an expert jury. \x0d\4, the project responsible for the management of personnel risk points \x0d\ on the project responsible for the management of personnel, first of all, from the system to be strictly controlled, widely carry out integrity education, put an end to the phenomenon of the staff "eat, take, card, want" phenomenon, do not allow the sale of materials, the introduction of the construction team, the contracting of private work and other behaviors, the implementation of the integrity of the reporting system, accept social supervision. The system of integrity reporting is implemented, and social supervision is accepted. Secondly, the rights of the person in charge of the project to supervise, all visas to have more than two people *** with the confirmation, to prevent "one word".