The development of microcomputers is characterized by the development of integrated circuits.
Extended information:
1.Front-end technologies: transistors and integrated circuits
Microcomputers could not have developed without two important technologies: transistors and integrated circuits. Early computers used transistors as switches, but the transistor volume, energy consumption, short life and other defects make it unable to meet the needs of the computer. With the emergence of integrated circuits, the size of the computer is gradually reduced, power consumption is reduced, and computing speed is increased.
2, the first generation of microcomputers: microcontroller and microprocessor
The 1970s, the first generation of microcomputers began to appear, the representative products include monolithic and microprocessor. At this time, the microcomputer has been equipped with data transmission and processing functions, but also has a strong programmability.
3, the second generation of microcomputers: operating systems and personal computers
The 1980s, the second generation of microcomputers began to emerge, the representative products include personal computers based on the DOS operating system and Macintosh computer. The emergence of the operating system makes the use of computers more convenient and user-friendly, and also promotes the further development of computer software and hardware.
4, the third generation of microcomputers: network and mobile computing
In the 1990s, the third generation of microcomputers began to appear, the representative products, including personal computers can be connected to the Internet and portable laptops. This time, minicomputers had greater networking and mobility capabilities, and accelerated the development of Internet and mobile communications technologies.
5, current and future: the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence
Currently, microcomputers, as an important part of the field of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, have entered a completely new stage of development. In the future, with the emergence of 5G technology and quantum computers, microcomputers will continue to play their important role and promote the development of digitalization, intelligence and automation in various industries.
6, micro-computer applications in various fields
Micro-computers have been widely used in various fields, including industry, health care, finance, education and so on. For example, industrial automation in the control system, medical equipment in the wearable devices, financial transactions in the high-speed trading system, are inseparable from the support of microcomputer technology.
7, the development of challenges and opportunities
Microcomputer as a product of technological progress, but also faces some challenges. For example, the emergence of artificial intelligence and big data has made microcomputers face higher requirements in processing massive data and performing complex calculations. But at the same time, this also provides more opportunities and prospects for the development of microcomputers.