Modern cryonics is a marginal science that has gradually emerged from the application of cryogenic refrigeration technology in modern medicine. Cryotherapy is easy to use, simple equipment, low cost, and good curative effect, thus it is generally welcomed by patients and has been rapidly promoted and developed in many countries in the world.
Cryonics is divided into two parts: cryosurgery and cryopreservation. In cryosurgery, doctors can spray cryogenic reagents below -200 degrees Celsius on patients and lesions, so that the diseased tissues will die under ultra-low temperature freezing. In dermatological diseases, tumors, moles, freckles and other common diseases can be treated using cryogenic freezing, which is simple and convenient, and will not leave scars, and the patient has no obvious pain, so it is very popular among patients.
The earliest practice of cryotherapy in the West can be traced back to ancient Greece, where Hippocrates recorded and described it.
Cryonics has gone through a long developmental stage; in the late 19th century, French doctors buried the limbs of the wounded in ice and snow on the battlefield, and then amputated the limbs after they lost consciousness. This is the low-temperature medical surgery at that time. 20 century, due to the development of industry and science and technology, the emergence of concentrated oxygen, concentrated nitrogen and other refrigeration substances, and gradually applied to medical treatment.
From the 70's, many countries use freezing technology to treat benign tumors in surgery, dermatology, urology, gynecology, ear, nose and throat, etc., and have achieved good results. Now it has been developed to treat malignant squamous epithelial cell carcinoma. In addition to the treatment of superficial skin diseases and tumors, cryosurgery has been developed to the deeper part of the body for the treatment of early lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, rectal cancer and so on.
Cryomedicine, as an emerging discipline, has developed greatly, but there is still room for improvement in the key technology of cryopreservation - the speed of cryopreservation and the way of freezing different tissues. Modern cryogenic freezing techniques have been more successful at the tissue level (e.g., certain organs), but have yet to be explored and improved at the cellular level.