① Diversion of water
Using the method of "cleaning and releasing pollution" to dilute polluted water can reduce the key water quality indexes of black and odorous water, such as total phosphorus, organic pollution index and permanganate index concentration. However, for the waters with large water storage capacity, too little water supply can not achieve the purification effect, and increasing water supply will cause a lot of waste of water resources and high cost. Therefore, "diverting water to release pollution" only has a temporary effect of "treating the symptoms but not the root cause", and it is not a long-term solution for lakes with serious eutrophication.
② Sediment dredging
"Dredging and dredging" can reduce a large number of nutrients such as organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus accumulated in lakes, increase the water storage capacity of lakes, and is an effective way and measure to reduce endogenous pollution and black odor of water bodies. However, large-scale dredging may destroy the original biological population structure and habitat of the lake, weaken its self-purification function and bring negative effects on ecological restoration.
2. Aeration reoxygenation method:
The good effect of aeration and reoxygenation on eliminating the black odor of water body has been confirmed by some domestic laboratory tests and pilot tests of river aeration. Its principle is that the dissolved oxygen entering the water body reacts with black and odorous substances (reducing substances such as H2S and FeS) in an oxidation-reduction way. For black and odorous rivers that have been in anoxic state for a long time, it usually takes a long time for the water ecosystem to return to normal state, and aeration and reoxygenation of water body will help speed up this process. River aeration reoxygenation has become a common method for pollution control of small and medium-sized polluted rivers in some developed countries such as the United States, Germany, France and other moderately developed countries and regions because of its good effect and relatively low investment and operation cost. For seriously polluted and long-term polluted water bodies, biological methods and ecological measures are needed, which can be used as one of the methods to assist bio-ecological restoration.
3. Chemical methods:
Chemical flocculation treatment technology is a sewage treatment technology to improve water quality by adding chemicals to remove pollutants in the water layer. In recent years, chemical flocculation technology has been more and more widely studied and applied in improving the primary treatment effect of urban sewage. With the increasingly severe water pollution situation, the rapid and efficient treatment of seriously polluted water bodies such as black and odorous water bodies also shows its certain advantages. However, because the effect of chemical flocculation treatment is easily influenced by the change of water environment, and the toxicity of chemicals to aquatic organisms and secondary pollution to ecosystems must be considered, the application of this technology has great limitations.
4. Biological method:
Bio-compound enzyme is a series of natural organic compound products containing various enzymes, and it is an efficient compound enzyme purifying agent synthesized by nonionic surfactant, other natural ingredients, protein and inorganic nutrients.
Mechanism:
Bio-complex enzyme can stimulate and accelerate the reaction of microorganisms, at the same time, it can promote the decomposition of macromolecular compounds in water into small molecular compounds, and release bound oxygen at the same time, thus enhancing the reoxygenation function of water. These simple compounds are easy to be used by microorganisms, which is beneficial to the diversity of microorganisms, improves the activity and reproductive ability of microorganisms, and achieves microecological balance.
In most environments, there are many natural purification processes carried out by indigenous microorganisms, but the process is very slow due to the lack of dissolved oxygen (or other electron receptors) and nutrients. Another limiting factor is that effective microorganisms often grow slowly. Biological compound enzyme can effectively stimulate and accelerate natural biological reaction, stimulate the activity of indigenous microorganisms, accelerate the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, and is harmless to plankton and the environment. So as to quickly and effectively promote the succession of polluted water bodies to benign ecosystems, restore DO in water bodies, rapidly reduce pollution indicators such as COD, BOD5 and NH3-N, and quickly eliminate the black odor in water bodies.
Function 1- Effectively eliminate black odor and restore ecosystem.
Biological compound enzyme can quickly reduce pollutants in water and make water
COD, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen and other pollution indicators improved rapidly. At the same time, activate indigenous aerobic microorganisms in the sediment, improve their biochemical reaction efficiency, reduce the consumption of dissolved oxygen, promote the recovery of dissolved oxygen, and gradually improve the water micro-ecosystem. That is to say, the ecological restoration of the water body through microorganisms, the reconstruction of the bottom biological chain, the foundation for the cascade recovery of the upward biological chain, and the creation of sediment conditions for the implantation of benthic organisms; Improve the transparency of water bodies and create water quality conditions for stocking aquatic animals. By artificially controlling the ecological environment, aquatic animals and plants and the water environment can achieve dynamic balance.
Feature 2- Treating both the symptoms and root causes
Biotechnology that draws water from human ecological environment can control river and lake pollution, not only water bodies, but also river and lake sediments. Bioremediation treatment is not only to meet the water quality standards, but also to completely restore the activity of river and lake sediments, restore the self-purification ability of rivers and lakes and achieve ecological balance through phased treatment.
Feature 3- Simple construction and site treatment
The equipment used in the process of biological treatment of rivers and lakes is simple, and there is no need for large equipment such as excavators. The construction is convenient and the operation is simple, which will not produce noise and will not affect the normal life of surrounding residents. The most important thing is to treat both the symptoms and root causes in situ. In the construction process, there is no need to transfer sediment, which eliminates the transfer of pollutants and secondary pollution to the environment. Moreover, on the basis of the original sediment, after treatment, the original indigenous microorganisms are stimulated to grow and reproduce rapidly, forming population advantages, restoring the activity of the sediment, and achieving the long-term self-purification effect of the water body. After bioremediation, the activity of the sediment is restored, which not only does not need dredging, but also greatly improves the self-purification ability of the river.
Feature 4-The product is green and pollution-free.
① Biological products are non-combustible, non-volatile, green, safe, non-toxic and free from secondary pollution.
② Good compatibility. Because the inhibitor has no toxic and side effects, it can be used in combination with other biological agents and has a synergistic effect.
③ Excellent biodegradability. After the inhibitor inhibits the growth of duckweed in water, there will be no residue.
4. Bio-ecological restoration technology
Eco-biological method is a new environmental biotechnology developed in recent years. This kind of technology mainly uses the life activities of microorganisms, plants and other organisms to transfer, transform and degrade pollutants in water, thus purifying water quality, creating an environment suitable for the survival and reproduction of various organisms, and rebuilding and restoring aquatic ecosystems. Because this technology has the advantages of good treatment effect, relatively low project cost, no or low energy consumption and low operating cost. At the same time, no chemicals are put into the water body, which will not cause secondary pollution. It can also be combined with greening environment and landscape improvement to create a beautiful environment in which man and nature are integrated. Therefore, it has become the main development direction of water pollution and eutrophication control.
Extended data
processing method
Think correctly
Mode is more important than technology in the treatment of black and odorous water bodies. Treatment should be adapted to local conditions, and different technologies should be adopted comprehensively according to different hydrological and water quality characteristics, different treatment objectives and different stages.
Integrated management method
"seven-character method" overall comprehensive management method
What is the "seven-character method" comprehensive management method "cutting, introducing, purifying, reducing, adjusting, nourishing and measuring"
Cut:
Cut off the sewage generated by point source pollution;
Quote:
Introduce the sewage produced by point source pollution and non-point source pollution into functional bodies such as wetlands or ecological coastal zones through corresponding means;
Network:
Treating polluted water, precipitation and runoff through wetlands, ecological coastal areas and other purification functions;
Minus sign:
Reduce the composition of organic matter in water and reduce the amount of sludge;
adjust
Transfer new water bodies to waterways and lakes;
rise
Repair endogenous pollution, restore the nutritional structure of water body through microbial complex bacteria, and stabilize or rebuild the ecosystem and food chain structure;
measure
Data detection and real-time monitoring of water bodies can deal with emergencies and ensure the accuracy of water body management data.
Trinity governance
No matter the sewage from atmospheric deposition, direct discharge, or pollutants generated in the process of soil erosion, they all gather in the water body for accumulation and enrichment, resulting in bad changes in water quality. Water treatment is three-dimensional treatment, and harmful substances are prevented from polluting the environment again through water circulation.
Baidu Encyclopedia: Urban Black Smell Water Treatment