Medical waste disposal methods are the following:
A, sanitary landfill method
Sanitary landfill method is to bury the garbage into the ground, and through the microbial decomposition of the long-term decomposition of the material, so that it will decompose into harmless substances. If the landfill system for medical waste does not have impermeable measures, all kinds of toxic substances, pathogens, radioactive substances, etc. will seep into the soil with rainwater, and harmful substances will enter the human body through the food chain, endangering human health.
Therefore, sanitary landfills need to undergo scientific site selection, and with clay, high-density polyethylene and other materials to lay an impermeable layer, but also must be set up to collect landfill gas and output pipeline, so the use of landfill disposal method must be very careful, and must be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the strict pre-treatment of medical waste.
Two, high-temperature incineration method
Incineration treatment is a deep oxidation of the chemical process, under the action of high-temperature flames, incineration equipment within the medical waste through the drying, ignition, incineration of the three phases of the transformation of its residue and gas, the infectious agents in the medical waste and hazardous substances in the incineration process can be effectively destroyed.
The incineration technology is applicable to a variety of infectious medical waste, incineration requires incinerators have a high and stable furnace temperature, good oxygen mixing conditions, enough gas residence time and other conditions, while the need for the final emission of flue gases and residues for the harmless disposal.
Three, high-pressure steam sterilization method
Pressure steam sterilization treatment method is based on the principle of medical waste in high temperature, high-pressure process conditions run more than 20 min, the pressure of steam to penetrate the object inside, so that the microbial proteins coagulate and denaturation and be killed.
It should be noted that the use of this treatment method must be crushed medical waste, crushing can be in the cooking before or after cooking, but the State Environmental Protection Administration published "high-temperature steam centralized treatment of medical waste engineering technical specifications" stipulates that the size of the crushed shall not be greater than 50mm. this method is not suitable for dealing with pathological wastes, such as human tissues and animal carcasses, etc., the treatment efficiency of the drugs and chemical wastes is also not high. The treatment efficiency of the waste is also not high.
Four, pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is the use of waste in the instability of organic matter, in the anaerobic or anaerobic conditions for the distillation of heating, so that the organic matter to produce thermal cleavage, after condensation to form a variety of gases, liquids and solids, and to extract the fuel oil, grease and gas from the process.
Five, microwave disinfection method
Microwave disinfection technology is a new type of medical waste treatment technology, but is still limited to small batches, intermittent treatment of medical waste, can not meet the requirements of large quantities of continuous treatment of medical waste.