What should the government and individuals do to help the disabled

What are the main measures taken by the State and society to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled?　　The State and society take the following measures to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled: (1) reflecting the life of the disabled and serving them through radio, film, television, newspapers and books; (2) organizing and supporting the preparation and publication of Braille books, talking books for the blind, books for the deaf and books for the mentally retarded, launching television sign-language programmes, and adding subtitles and commentaries to some film and television works; (3) organizing and supporting mass cultural, sports and recreational activities for the disabled, holding special art performances and special sports events, and participating in major events. and support mass cultural, sports and recreational activities for the disabled, organize special art performances and special sports events, and participate in major international competitions and exchanges; (4) places for cultural, sports, recreational and other public ****activities to provide convenience and care for the disabled. Places for activities for the disabled are systematically organized. Compared with ordinary mass reading materials and means of communication, special reading materials and special artistic performances and sports activities play an irreplaceable and important role in enriching the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled. What is welfare for the disabled?　　Welfare for the disabled is the facilities, conditions and services provided by the state and society for the disabled in the areas of life, work, education, medical care and rehabilitation on the basis of guaranteeing the basic material needs of the disabled. It mainly includes the following: (1) developing employment opportunities for the disabled through multiple channels, at multiple levels and in multiple forms, expanding the scope of employment, providing employment opportunities, and safeguarding the disabled's right to work and self-realization; (2) vigorously developing special education for the disabled, and improving the disabled's cultural qualities and ability to stand on their own feet; (3) carrying out legislation, publicity and education to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled and to provide special protection, calling on society to respect, care for, and protect the disabled. (3) To carry out legislation, publicity and education to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the disabled and to provide special protection, and to call upon society to respect, care for and help the disabled; (4) To organize the production of facilities and equipment for the disabled for their living, working, educational, cultural and recreational activities; (5) To provide the disabled with as much accessibility as possible to all areas of social undertakings, and so on.　Social welfare is an important part of social security, which is the social security policy adopted by the State and the society, as well as the facilities and corresponding services provided by the State and the society in order to guarantee and maintain a certain quality of life for the members of the society and to satisfy their basic material and spiritual needs. Welfare for the disabled is an important item of social welfare.　What are the duties of the State and society to safeguard and improve the lives of the disabled?　　(1) The State and society shall take measures of assistance, relief and other welfare measures to safeguard and improve the lives of persons with disabilities; (2) Persons with disabilities who have genuine difficulties in their lives shall be given relief and subsidies through a variety of channels; (3) Persons with disabilities who are incapable of working, have no legal dependents and have no source of livelihood shall be provided with support and relief in accordance with the provisions of the law; (4) People's governments at all levels of the localities and the society shall set up welfare institutions and other placement and adoption agencies to place and adopt persons with disabilities in accordance with the provisions of the law. (4) Local people's governments at all levels and in society set up welfare institutions and other institutions for the placement and adoption of persons with disabilities in accordance with the regulations, and gradually improve their lives. Support includes the provision of support and assistance in various areas, such as policy, material and spiritual. Relief, on the other hand, provides regular or irregular assistance and subsidies to persons with disabilities who have lost the ability to work, or who have some ability to work but are unable to maintain a basic living. Maintenance is the long-term support and relief provided by the State, collectives and social organizations to persons with disabilities who are unable to work, have no legal dependants, or have no source of livelihood. The organization of welfare placement and adoption agencies is an effective way of placing and adopting persons with disabilities who are incapable of working, have no legal dependents, and have no source of livelihood. How do persons with disabilities participate in social insurance?　　Units, urban and rural grass-roots organizations, and families of persons with disabilities should encourage and help persons with disabilities to participate in social insurance. The participation of persons with disabilities in social insurance generally takes the form of individual enrollment, collective handling, and collective and individual **** enrollment together to help persons with disabilities apply for social insurance. Persons with severe disabilities, persons with disabilities under guardianship, and persons with mental disabilities are required to have their legal dependants and guardians apply for social insurance on their behalf.　Social insurance is a social security system that ensures that citizens are provided with the basic necessities of life and health protection in the event that they run the risk of maternity, old age, illness, injury, disability, unemployment or death. Participation in social insurance by persons with disabilities is an important measure to relieve the worries of organizations, urban and rural grassroots organizations, families of persons with disabilities and persons with disabilities themselves. Can persons with disabilities drive?　　The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security held a press conference on the morning of December 17, 2009, and officially released the newly revised Regulations on the Application and Use of Motor Vehicle Driver's Licenses, which relaxes the driving restrictions on the disabled, and allows people with disabilities who are missing their right lower limb or both lower limbs to apply for a special driver's license, which will come into force on April 1 next year.　This new amendment removes a lot of restrictions on driving for people with disabilities. Through this amendment, people with disabilities who are missing their right lower limb or both lower limbs, or who have lost their motor function but can sit and stand on their own, are allowed to apply for a driver's license for small automatic passenger cars for people with disabilities; people with mutilated finger joints or who are missing their right thumb are allowed to apply for a driver's license for a small car; and people who are hearing impaired, but wearing a hearing aid, are able to meet the requirements for a small automobile, or who have a disability, can apply for a driver's license for small automobiles. The driver's license for small-sized automobiles can also be applied by persons with disabilities who are hearing impaired, but can meet the qualifying standards by wearing hearing aids.　In allowing people with disabilities to drive special small passenger cars at the same time, how to protect the travel safety of people with disabilities is particularly important, so the new provisions of the right lower limb, double lower limb disabled people in the application for driving a car should be to the provincial health department of the specialized medical institutions for examination, the degree of their disability and the ability to sit and stand and the ability to drive the car operation of the special assessment. And every three years when the driving license is renewed, the physical examination should be carried out again, and in the specialized agencies or special technicians to install and dismantle their special automobile assistive devices, and hearing impaired persons with disabilities should wear hearing aids when driving a vehicle. Editorial What are the provisions for special care for the disabled?　　(1) Public ****service organizations shall actively create conditions to provide priority services and auxiliary services for the disabled; (2) when the disabled take public ****vehicles, trams, subways, ships, ferries, trains, airplanes and other public ****transportation vehicles, the disabled shall be provided with convenience and care; the disabled shall be allowed to bring along with them their necessary auxiliary aids free of charge; (3) blind persons may ride free of charge on public ****vehicles, trams, subways, ships, ferries, trains, airplanes and other public ****transportation vehicles within the city. (3) Blind persons may ride free on municipal **** buses, trams, subways, and ferries, and all reading mails for the blind shall be sent free of charge; (4) The people's governments at the county level and at the township level shall, on a case-by-case basis, exempt and reduce compulsory labor, public welfare utility fees, and other social burdens on persons with disabilities in rural areas. People's governments at all levels should gradually increase other care and support for the disabled.　With the gradual improvement of the legal system, the State is increasingly focusing on protecting the interests of the disabled through legislative means, giving the disabled as much care as possible, preventing the disabled from being eliminated from society, avoiding discrimination against the disabled, and helping the disabled to adapt to society. Are persons with disabilities required to perform military service?　　According to the Military Service Rules, persons with serious physical defects or serious disabilities that render them unfit for military service are exempted from military service. In addition, conscripts suffering from mental illness during active service shall, after leaving active service, be sent to local hospitals for shelter and treatment or home for recuperation, depending on the severity of their illness, and the people's governments of the county, autonomous county, city, or municipal area shall be responsible for the medical care and living expenses they require; volunteers who, during their active service, have been disabled in battle or in the line of duty, and who have become basically incapacitated by accumulated illnesses and labor, shall go through the retirement procedure, and be sent by the people's governments of the counties, autonomous counties, or cities where they were originally recruited, The people's governments of the counties, autonomous counties, cities, and municipal districts from which the volunteers were recruited, or the people's governments of the counties, autonomous counties, cities, and municipal districts in which the volunteers' immediate family members are located, shall accept them for resettlement.　With the exception of persons with severe disabilities, serious physical limitations, or persons deprived of their political rights in accordance with the law, all citizens of the People's Republic of China, regardless of ethnicity, race, occupation, family origin, religious beliefs, or level of education, are obliged to perform military service in accordance with the provisions of the Military Service Law. How are the conditions for the participation of persons with disabilities in social life safeguarded and improved?　　The gradual creation of a favourable environment for persons with disabilities is an important condition for their full participation in social life, and a manifestation of the progress of social civilization. The State and society should gradually create a favorable environment and continuously improve the conditions for persons with disabilities to participate in social life. (1) The physical environment: the State and society should gradually implement design norms for urban roads and buildings that are convenient for persons with disabilities, and take measures to make them barrier-free; (2) The spiritual environment: the State and society should promote mutual understanding and communication between persons with disabilities and other citizens, publicize the cause of persons with disabilities and the deeds of helping them, and promote the spirit of self-improvement of persons with disabilities and the spirit of solidarity with them. the spirit of self-improvement, and advocate a social culture of solidarity, fraternity and mutual assistance.　On April 1, 2004, the Tenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth Beijing Municipal People's Congress considered and passed the Regulations on the Construction and Management of Barrier-Free Facilities in Beijing Municipality, which came into force on May 16, 2004 onwards. EDITORIAL How should social security for the disabled be equalized in terms of opportunity? (1) Equality in legislation In formulating laws and regulations and policies, it is important to avoid any adverse impact on the exercise of rights and freedoms by persons with disabilities as citizens, to eliminate discrimination, and to ensure that they have access to opportunities on an equal footing with other citizens. (2) Equal employment opportunities Most persons with disabilities have the ability to work, and can be assisted to work in accordance with the current work standards. Ensuring their equal participation in employment enhances their autonomy, and economic independence is the basis for obtaining other equal opportunities. (3) Equal access to the environment The most important factor affecting a person's daily life is the environment, and persons with disabilities should enjoy the same physical environment as other citizens. (4) Equal opportunities for education and training Persons with disabilities have the right to receive education and training on the same basis as other citizens, and specialized educational institutions shall be established to ensure their equal access to education and training. (5) Equal fulfillment of obligations Enjoying the same rights, they should bear the same obligations, and the state and society should create conditions for them to be able to bear their responsibilities as members of society.