Basic concept of stocks: (careful summary)
A shares
Refers to the certificate issued by the company to prove the shares held by the shareholders.
B Shares of a Limited Liability Company
The entire capital of a limited liability company is divided into equal shares, and the shares of a limited liability company are held by the shareholders. A limited liability company has all its assets against the liabilities of the company.
The code of Carbon Bank
The trading code of Shanghai A shares starts from 600 or 601
The trading code of B shares starts from 900
Shenzhen The stock exchange's A-share trading code starts at 000
The B-share trading code starts at 200
The stock code for Shanghai's subscription of new shares starts at 730
The code for subscribing new shares is on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange and the trading code of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange
The allotment code starts at 080 and starts at 700 on the Shanghai Stock Exchange Shenzhen
1, quotation unit< /p>
The minimum unit returned for the price change of A shares is 0.01 yuan. For example: If you want to buy Shenzhen Development, fill in the order price: 10.02 yuan, but you don’t need to fill in 10.002 yuan. The smallest unit of change in the B-share declaration price is 0.001 yuan (Shanghai Stock Exchange)
2. Price limit
The maximum 10% increase (or decrease) in the daily market price The closing price of the previous day
ST shares, ranging from 5% change
The IPO price on the day when the highest price increases limits the IPO issue price (+1000%), the lower limit is the issue price × (1-50%). But the rules of the price limit must be followed the next day.
3 IPO
When putting into service during the day, certain rules will be followed to limit the stipulated IPO price. Shenzhen City stipulates that the collective bidding range for new shares on the first day of listing is 150 yuan, and the continuous auction bidding range is 15 yuan for the latest transaction price. The price of new shares on the Shanghai stock market when the bidding range is 10% on the first day of continuous bidding.
4. First lot
A single lot is 100 shares. The principle of stock trading should be an integer multiple of one lot
Allotment will occur when there is a lack of "first lot" and so on 10 to get 3 shares. If you have 100 shares and 130 shares, you can sell 130 shares. . In other words, there is a lack of "first-hand" selling of odd shares.
5, current lot
Time of trading lot
6, T +1
T is the first letter of English trade (meaning transaction). There are two regulations in Shanghai and Shenzhen. Buy stocks on the same day and sell them the next day. If you sell stocks on the day of confirmation of the transaction, you can buy the stocks at the return rate of the capital on that day.
7. Call auction
(How the opening price is generated) Trading started the day before, that is: 9:15 to 9:25 a.m., on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges Buy and sell orders from investors began to be accepted. At the moment of the official opening at 9 o'clock on the 30th, the computer host of the Shanghai-Shenzhen Euronext began to match transactions, and the maximum number of each stock price determined the opening price of each stock. There is no call auction for the afternoon opening. Call auction NA: Subscription of new shares, rights issue, bonds.
Continuous bidding call auction
If the auction is completed at the lowest price, then the stock market has a continuous trading stage, so there is a continuous bidding. Collect unfilled buy and sell orders in the auction, continue to wait for the appropriate price transaction, and automatically enter continuous bidding. At this time, investors all over the country are still entering valid trading orders at the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. The computer hosts of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges, and the host computers are also constantly allowing investors to enter various valid and continuous trading orders across the country. Bidding matches buy and sell orders for transactions.
9. Fill in the form
Fill in "buy" or "sell". Some people say that allotment of money to buy, of course, to make up for the "buy". This allotment is in Shenzhen, fill in "buy". But in Shanghai stock market allotment, you should fill in "sell". "Selling" does not mean "selling" the rights issue, but "selling" the over-allotment option, the allotment.
10. Regulations on issuance of new shares
: When a listed company applies to issue new shares, in addition to complying with the regulations, the issuance of new shares by a listed company must also comply with the weighted average net profit ratio of the last three fiscal years. The return on assets is not less than 10% on average, and the return on weighted average net assets in the most recent fiscal year is not less than 10% on other conditions
① Directed issuance is issued to old shareholders and other investors.
(2) The bidding and issuance price is uncertain.
③Not applicable to additional investors and corporate bond issuance. Such as Shenzhen Konka;
④ only fund additional.
⑤Issuance ratio.
⑥Some extras.
⑦ Online synchronization mid-range price.
11. Seeing more than expected stock price increases, bullish investors are optimistic about the stock market's prospects.
Short-term investors who are bearish on expectations of a fall in stock prices and bearish on the prospects of the stock market.
Whether the stock price rises at the expected level, wait and see stock market investors
On the 12th, diving is a metaphor for the stock market decline
13 Lu
Refers to the speculative atmosphere in the stock market. Like deer, speculators who frequent short-term speculation ran away when they saw Li.
On 14, the gap was higher than yesterday's opening price, the highest price.
The opening price gapped lower than yesterday's lowest price.
The opening price of the gap exceeds the highest price, and yesterday's opening price is lower than yesterday's lowest price.
15, Golden Cross
The term in the technical analysis of golden cross. Refers to the short-term moving average passing through the medium-term moving average or the short-term and medium-term moving average passing through the long-term moving average trend chart at the same time.
16. The market opening is specific to the buying and selling of individual stocks. There are 5 trading information.
On the 17th, the committee commissioned the number of buyers to enter the Stock Exchange, and the host wanted to buy a stock. The number of buyers behind the five-position committee displayed on the sales department's terminal computer is invisible to ordinary investors. For example, current investors see buy one, two, three, four, five, different prices reveal the number of shares they want to buy.
Enter the lot size of the stock you want to buy into the Euronext host. The terminal computer displays the number of lots sold by the five-position commission to the sales committee behind which the average investor does not see the sales department. As investors see sales at one, two, three, four, and five, it reveals the different price levels of lots of stock that people are looking to sell.
18. Appointment Ratio
Committee on the number and ratio of buyers, calculated by the difference between the number of lots appointed for selling and the number of appointed buyers and appointment Lots for sale, and revealed the current entrusted transaction trends
45.95% said that at the opening of the Shenzhen Development Bank, purchasing power was higher than sales
On the 19th, price priority, time priority stock trading , many investors must be organized in accordance with the rules of "price priority, time priority" when buying and selling stocks.
20. In the recruitment stage market (issuance market) stocks, issuance, and circulation markets are not listed. < /p>
After the shares are issued in the secondary market (circulation market), the company's shares are listed for trading on the market.
On the 21st, the stock index is generally used to reflect the macro aspect. The trend of the stock market itself changes. The preparation principle is: the ratio of the stock market value on one day to the market value on the stock base day. For example, the base day of the stock index is set on December 19, 1990, and the real-time index = the previous day. closing index 4899.142 billion yuan. The calculation formula is: Index = 1496.52×[18] = 1496.60 48991.42÷48988.71. It increased by 0.08 points from February 18 to February 17
22 component index
The Shenzhen Stock Exchange started on January 3, 1995 and was released on February 20 of the same year, compiling the Shenzhen Component Index in real time.
The compilation of the component index is very scientific because 2/3 of the equity capital has not flowed into China's stock market. The composite index reflects changes in the stock market, and the component index is prepared based on circulating stocks, which has a certain rationality. . That is: "Who calculates in a loop.
On March 23, the price-to-earnings ratio = stock price/earnings per share
Reflects the relationship between the company's stock price and after-tax profit per share, and its calculation formula is the company's The stock price is the ratio of the company's after-tax profit (earnings per share) per share to the closing price. The closing price of North Asia Group (600705) in 2002 was 6.20 yuan. The earnings per share in 2002 was 0.165 yuan, so at the end of 2002, the stock price was 0.165 yuan. The price-to-earnings ratio is 37.58 times (6.20÷0.165). Because stocks change every day, and earnings per share are only calculated once a year, coupled with the problem of non-tradable shares, the price-to-earnings ratio is not scientific as the only standard for measuring the stock market. In addition, the price-to-earnings ratio is not calculated for loss-making stocks.
On the 24th, book value = price/book value per share (more importantly)
Net capital reserve fund, capital public welfare fund, statutory. Surplus reserve fund, discretionary reserve fund, undistributed surplus items, also known as net assets of shares. The book value per share is calculated based on the net amount divided by the company's total share capital (book value per share). The book value is equal to the closing price of the day divided by the net value per share. The closing price of North Asia Group (600705) in 2002 was $6.20. The book value was $2.725 per share in 2002, and its book value was 2.275 times. .
25. Transfer of custody
For investors who buy and sell stocks in a sales department, they must go through the procedures of transfer of shares to custody (go to B from A sales department):
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1 (B Sales Department) opens an account for the transferee, and records the name of B and the seat number business department.
The transferor (Sales Department) fills out the "Toglin Application Form". .
The next day, check whether the stock reaches B’s sales department.
4. The Shanghai Stock Exchange needs to designate the trading department, and B’s sales department handles the designated transaction again.
On the 26th, ex-dividend ex-dividend (XD, XR, DR) in English does not include dividends, or If a stock is ex-dividend today, the stock is marked with XD before its name. If the stock is ex-dividend today, the stock is marked with XR; if the stock is ex-dividend and ex-rights, the stock's name is marked with DR.
< p>27, the first letter of N in English means the new N shares. The reason is the difference between the first day of listing of new shares and the new shares N.28. Roadshow
Literal translation of the English roadshow. Refers to the consultation of shareholders of a listed company, and the company's leaders and underwriters are now generally conducted through the Internet.
This is the most practical knowledge and understanding, and you will have the feeling of seeing the small mountains at a glance
My experience
The will and independence of stock playing The ability to think! ! ! !
Elect your own shares and let others decide!
Want to know the fact that the amount of wealth relied on by individual investors in stocks? News, if you rely entirely on the Internet or friends, you will make a lot of money, and wealth is in the hands of a few people, especially those who think they are in their own hands!
My stock selection experience:
(Where have low-priced stocks fallen)
2. Price-to-earnings ratio (small risk)
Stocks that have been depressed for a long time (it is a big wave when it stands up)
4. Do not choose recognized big bull stocks, let customers choose, the real big white horse
5. Election The fundamentals of a company or industry that you are truly familiar with are very important, followed by the technical level
Hematemesis will send you some summaries of leading stocks:
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Hang Seng Index constituent stocks: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Bank of China, Sinopec, Daqin Railway, Air China, Baosteel, Changdian Electric, China Unicom, China Merchants Bank, China Huaneng Group Corporation
Finance: Bank of China, Shenzhen Development Bank, China Minsheng Bank, China Merchants Bank, Shanghai Pudong, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Bank of China, CITIC, Xinjiang, Hongyuan, Shaanxi State Investment
Real Estate: Vanke A, Gemdale Group , Poly Real Estate, Huafa Sunshine Shares, OCT, Financial Street, Qixia Construction, real estate investment, Chinese enterprises, Shenzhen Zhenye
Airlines: China Southern Airlines, Air China, Shanghai Airlines, China Eastern Airlines Company, Hainan Airlines
Olympic Games: Beijing Urban Construction, China Sports Industry
Heavy Machinery: Anhui Heli, Hudong Heavy Machinery, Sany, Alliance, Jinxi Axle, Guangzhou Shipyard International , Liugong, Shantui Co., Ltd., Zhenhua Port Machinery, Shenyang Machine Tool
3G: ZTE, Datang Telecom, Yiyang Xintong, Gaohong Co., Ltd.
Technology: Gehua Cable, Oriental Pearl, Variety Show, CITIC Guoan, Founder, Tsinghua Tongfang, Haihong
Cement: Conch Cement, Huaxin Cement, Jidong
New energy: Tianwei Baobian, Feng Nativeization
Small and medium-sized boards: Jingyuan Electronics, Suning, Siyuan Electric, Weixing Co., Ltd., Lijiang Tourism, Huaxing Chemical Kehua Biotechnology, Han's Laser, Jie Co., Ltd., Vantage Co., Ltd., Supor, Septwolves, Aerospace Electric Hua Bang Pharmaceutical
Power Energy: Yangtze Electric Power, Guangzhou Holdings, Guangdong Electric Power, SDIC Electric Power, Huaneng International, Shenergy Group, Shantou Electric Power, Guodian Electric Power, Shanghai Electric Power Shenzhen Energy Shanghai Energy
Coal: Lanhua Science and Technology, Datong Coal Guoyang New Energy, Xishan Coal and Electricity, Yanzhou Coal Mining
Electrical equipment: Dongfang Electric, Dongfang Boiler, TBEA, Pinggao Electric Guodian Nanzi, Hua Optical Co., Ltd., Xiangdian Co., Ltd.
Automobiles: Changan Automobile, FAW Xiali, SAIC Motor, Jiangling Motors, China National Heavy Duty Truck, S Torch, JAC Motors, Yutong Bus, Sugon Co., Ltd., Longxi Co., Ltd., King Long Automobile, Yunnei Power, Dongfeng Motor,
Steel categories: Xinxing Cast Pipe, Baosteel, Wuhan Iron and Steel, Anshan Iron and Steel Company, Taiyuan, Jinan Iron and Steel Group, Tangshan Iron and Steel, Jiugang Steel, Maanshan Iron and Steel , Hanyue, Bengang Steel, Linggang, Baosteel, Xining Special Steel, Fushun Special Steel Shaogang, Shougang, Valin, Nanjing, Hangzhou Steel
Port transportation mode: sea transportation, COSCO Group, in Hong Kong , CIMC Group, Shenzhen Chiwan, Yantian Port, Nanjing Water Transport, Tianjin Port
Guangdong, Jiangxi, Shandong Expressway, Shenzhen Expressway, Fujian Expressway, Zhongyuan Expressway, Guangdong Province Expressway Development, Nanjing-Shanghai Expressway, Anhui Expressway Category:
Shenzhen Airport, Shanghai Airport, Baiyun Airport Category:
Construction Supplies: China Fiberglass, Yangtze River Seiko, Conch Profile
Water: No. 1. South China Sea, raw water
Warehouse logistics and transportation: Sinochem International (Holding) Tielong Logistics, Sinotrans Development, its shares are in the reservoir
Aerospace: Aerospace Rocket Shares , China Satellite, XAC International, Harbin Aircraft Corporation of China, Chengfa Technology, Hongdu Airlines
<p>Electronic products: Jingyuan Electronics Shengyi Technology, Fara Electronics, Microelectronics, Rainbow Shares, Radio and Television Electronics, Shentianma A Eastcom Peace
Software: UFIDA Software, Neusoft Shares, Hundsun Electronics, China Software, Jinzheng Shares, Baoxin Software
Supermarkets: large enterprises, Hualian, Youyi Shares, Shanghai Jahwa, supply chain management, Beijing Urban and Rural, Dalian Youyi Xinhua Media Shares
Retail: Wangfujing, Guangzhou Friendship, S Li Ning, 100, Xinhua Department Store, Chongqing Department Store, Ginza Co., Ltd., Yimin Department Store, ZTE Commercial, Nanjing Supplier, Dongbai Group, New World Tower Co., Ltd., Bailian Co., Ltd., S Patek Philippe Hefei Department Store Yintai Hangzhou Jiefang Hualian Shares of Hubei Business A, S Trading Company Wuhan] South Hundred, Shanghai Nine Hundred, Shenzhen Guoshang, Chengshang Group, Xidan Shopping Mall,
Material: Star New Materials Sinoma International
Hotels: Huatian Hotel, Huangshan Tourism, Emeishan, Lijiang Tourism Jinjiang Shares, Guilin Tourism, Beijing Tourism, Xi'an Tourism Young, S BTG
Petrochemical: Offshore Oil Engineering Jinjiang Science and Technology, Shanghai Petrochemical, Yizhuo Chemical Fiber Jiangzhuan Co., Ltd., Xinxiang Chemical Fiber, Yunnan Salt Chemical, Shanxi Sanwei, Sanyou Chemical, Yunwei Co., Ltd. of Liuguo Chemical, Jiangnan High Fiber, Yaxing Chemical
Nonferrous metals: Shandong Gold, CICC, Chihong Baoti, Hongda, Xiamen Tungsten, Jien, Baotou Aluminum, Jinlingnan, Yunnan Copper, Jiangxi Copper, Zhuye Torch
Liquor: Kweichow Moutai , Wuliangye, Changyu A, Guyue Longshan, Shuijingfang, Luzhou Laojiao
Files: Yueyang Paper, Huatai Shares, Chenming Paper
Beer: Tsingtao Beer, Yanjing Beer< /p>
Home appliances: Foshan Lighting, Qingdao Haier, Sichuan Changhong, Hisense Electric, Gree, Midea, Supor
Specialty chemicals: Yantai Wanhua, Kingfa Technology, Sanaifu, Huaneng Guodian< /p>
Fertilizers: Salt Lake Potash, Xin'an Co., Ltd., Hualu Hengsheng, Yangnong Chemical, Yuntianhua, Sichuan Meifeng Chitianhua Sanonda Liu Co., Ltd., Huaxing Chemical, Hubei Yihua, Changjiu Biochemical, Cangzhou Dahua Luxi Chemical, Shenyang Chemical
Agricultural stocks: Beidahuang, Tongwei Co., Ltd., Zhongmu Co., Ltd., New Hope, Longping Hi-Tech, Fengle Seed Industry Xinsai Co., Ltd., Dunhuang Seed Industry, New Agricultural Development Crown Agricultural Co., Ltd. Denghai Seed Industry
Food processing: Huaguan Technology developed by Shuanghui, Yili Food, Chengde Lulu, Angel Yeast, Hengshun Vinegar, Shanghai Meilin, VV Group, Gannan Fruit Industry?, Nanning Sugar Industry
Environmental protection: Longjing Environmental Protection "
Chinese medicine: Mayinglong Liaoning Fushun, Pien Tze Huang, Tong Ren Tang, Tasly, Yunnan Baiyao, Qianjin Pharmaceutical, Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical Kang Yuan Pharmaceutical, Kang Enbei, S Ejiao Yibai Pharmaceutical, Jiuzhitang, Wuhan Jianmin, Department of Medicine, Kunming Pharmaceutical, S Tibetan Medicine
Clothes: Yeager, Septwolves, Weixing Shares, Yuyuan Mall
Communication cables: Yangtze Communications, Zhejiang University Network, Pegasus, Eastcom, Xiamen, Bird, China Broadcom
Construction and engineering: Baoxin Energy China Materials International, Shanghai Construction Engineering International, Pudong Construction, Color Airport Shares, Anhui Water Conservancy Tunnel Shares, Tengda Construction, Xinjiang Urban Construction, Highway and Bridge Construction, Railway Bureau, China National Petroleum Corporation Construction, Keda Shares, Northern International Huitong Water Conservancy , Tibet Tianlu, Longjian Co., Ltd., Meiyan Hydropower Huashen Group
Glass: Fuyao Glass, CSG Group, Shandong Pharmaceutical Glass
C&D Co., Ltd., Lutai, Zhuhai Zhongfu, Zijiang Enterprise