The classification of garbage is to categorize garbage according to the classification of "recyclable" and "non-recyclable" for the treatment of household garbage. The daily life of human beings will produce a large amount of household garbage, a large amount of unclassified garbage recycling and reuse and arbitrary disposal will cause environmental pollution.
Current Situation
The classification of garbage is a reform of the traditional way of garbage collection and disposal, and is a scientific management method for the effective disposal of garbage. People face the growing production of garbage and environmental deterioration of the situation, how to maximize the realization of garbage resource utilization through the classification of garbage management, reduce the number of garbage disposal, and improve the state of the living environment, is currently the world's countries *** with the urgent issue of concern.
The reason for the increase in garbage is the improvement of people's living standards, all consumption has increased. According to statistics, in 1979, the national urban garbage removal is more than 25 million tons, in 1996, the urban garbage removal fee is 1.16 yuan / ton, four times as much as in 1979.
The classification of garbage is to separate garbage at the source and put it out, and turn it back into resources through classified removal and recycling.
The advantages of garbage sorting are as follows:
I. Reduce land erosion
Some substances in household garbage are not easy to be degraded, which makes the land seriously eroded. Separation of garbage and removal of recyclable and not easily degradable substances reduces the amount of garbage by more than 60%.
Second, reduce pollution
China's garbage disposal mostly adopts sanitary landfill or even simple landfill, which occupies tens of thousands of acres of land; and the insects and flies fly about, the sewage overflows, the stench is so strong that it pollutes the environment seriously.
The waste plastics in the soil will lead to crop yield reduction; abandoned waste plastics are accidentally eaten by animals, resulting in animal deaths from time to time. Therefore recycling can also reduce the harm.
Three, waste into treasure
China's annual use of plastic fast-food containers amounted to 4 billion, instant noodle bowls 500-700 million, billions of pairs of disposable chopsticks, which accounted for 8-15% of the household garbage. 1 ton of waste plastic can be smelted back to the 600 kilograms of diesel fuel. Recycling 1,500 tons of waste paper can avoid cutting down forests used to produce 1,200 tons of paper. One ton of cans can be melted to form one ton of very good aluminum block, which can be mined 20 tons less aluminum ore.
30% to 40% of household waste can be recycled and should be treasured as a small, profitable resource. We can also use cans to make pencil cases, which is both environmentally friendly and resource-saving.
And, other substances in the garbage can also be converted into resources, such as food, grass and fabrics can be composted to produce organic fertilizer; garbage incineration can be used to generate electricity, heating or refrigeration; bricks, tiles and ash can be processed into building materials and so on.
If we can fully tap the resource potential contained in recycled household waste, Beijing alone can gain 1.1 billion yuan of economic benefits annually. It can be seen that the garbage produced by the consumption link is the best way to solve the garbage problem if it is classified in time and recycled.
Summary
The benefits of waste separation are obvious. Garbage is sorted and sent to factories instead of landfills, saving land, avoiding pollution from landfills or incineration, and turning waste into treasure. This battle between people and garbage has turned garbage from an enemy into a friend.
Therefore, separate collection of garbage can reduce the amount of garbage disposal and treatment equipment, lower the cost of treatment, reduce the consumption of land resources, with social, economic and ecological benefits.
Expanded Information:
Implementation
On March 18, 2017, the General Office of the State Council released the Implementation Plan for the Domestic Waste Classification System formulated by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, which plans to basically establish a system of laws, regulations and standards related to waste classification by the end of 2020 and to establish a system of laws, regulations and standards for waste classification in municipalities directly under the central government, provincial capital cities It is planned that by the end of 2020, a basic system of laws, regulations and standards related to garbage classification will be established, and mandatory classification of domestic garbage will be implemented in municipalities directly under the central government, provincial capitals, cities with single-listed cities under the plan, and the first batch of demonstration cities for domestic garbage classification.
Other first batch of living garbage classification demonstration cities include Handan City, Hebei Province, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, Tongling City, Anhui Province, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, Yichang City, Hubei Province, Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province, Deyang City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Rikaze City, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, Xianyang City.
The program requires that hazardous waste (English: Hazardous waste) must be included as one of the categories for mandatory categorization, with optional mandatory categorization categories such as perishable waste and recyclables.
On November 15, 2019, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development released a new version of the standard "Signs for Classification of Domestic Waste", which came into effect on December 1st. The new standard adjusts the categories of domestic garbage into four categories: recyclables, hazardous garbage, food waste and other garbage, and deletes three categories of bulky garbage, burnable garbage and compostable garbage.
Because the standard is recommended and non-mandatory, some cities (such as Shanghai) will not change their names and categorization standards for the time being.
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