(2) The specific operating procedures for handling infectious aerosols or spills shall be carried out in biosafety cabinets or other equipment with physical protection functions.
(3) BSL-2 laboratory standard operating rules:
1. No one else is allowed to enter the laboratory during the experiment.
2. Wash your hands after handling live pathogenic materials, taking off gloves and before leaving the laboratory.
3. Eating, smoking, operating contact lenses and using cosmetics are prohibited in the work area.
4. It is strictly forbidden to use oral pipette to take liquid, and mechanical liquid absorption device should be used.
5. Formulate safe operation specifications for sharp objects.
6. All experimental operation steps should be as careful as possible to reduce the formation of aerosol or splash.
7. After the working day, terminal disinfection should be carried out. If there is any potential danger spillage, the surface of the workbench should be cleaned and disinfected immediately.
8. All cultures, stored pathogens and other controlled wastes should be purified by approved purification methods (such as autoclaving) before treatment.
9. Control the reproduction of insects and rodents.
(4) Laboratory BSL-2 Special Operation Guide.
1. When handling influenza virus or other infectious biological factors, restrict other personnel from entering the laboratory. The department head is ultimately responsible for evaluating each situation and deciding who can work in the laboratory.
2. The department director to establish the corresponding laboratory access system and operating procedures.
3. The entrance of the laboratory should be labeled as biological hazard. The identification includes the pathogenic microorganism used, biosafety level, whether immunization is needed, the name and telephone number of the researcher, personal protective equipment that the laboratory must wear, etc. You must go through the corresponding procedures when you leave the laboratory.
4. Laboratory personnel should be immunized or tested according to the biological factors or potential biological factors of laboratory operation.
5. Considering the biological factors of operation, collect and save the normal baseline serum samples of laboratory personnel when necessary. According to the requirements of biological factors or safety facilities, more serum samples can be collected regularly.
6. Laboratory staff should know the risk factors before the experimental operation, and must read and abide by the requirements of relevant operations and regulations.
7. Laboratory personnel should receive laboratory safety training every year (such as potential dangers, necessary preventive measures to protect exposed personnel and exposure assessment procedures). Laboratory personnel must receive the latest annual supplementary training to understand the changes in operating procedures and policies.
8. Attention must be paid to contaminated sharp objects, including needles, syringes, glass slides, pipettes, capillary glass straws and scalpels.
9. Needles, syringes or other sharp objects should be confined in the laboratory if there is no other alternative to parenteral injection, phlebotomy and liquid extraction from animals or reagent bottle. Plastic products can replace glass products.
Only syringes with locking needles or disposable syringe needles (needles connected to syringes) can be used for injecting or inhaling infectious liquids. Used disposable needles shall not be bent, cut, broken, capped, removed from disposable syringes or otherwise manually operated; Instead, it must be carefully placed in a container that is convenient to place and can prevent puncture. This container is specially used for handling sharp objects. Sharp articles that can't be treated must be put in strong containers, and then transported to the treatment site for disinfection. It is best to choose high-pressure steam sterilization.
It is best to use reusable needles, needleless systems and other syringes with safety devices.
10. Broken glass products cannot be directly touched by hand, and must be removed by mechanical means such as brush, dustpan, pliers or tweezers. Containers containing contaminated needles, sharps and broken glass shall be disinfected in accordance with relevant regulations before treatment.
1 1. Body fluid cultures, tissues, specimens or potentially infectious wastes should be placed in covered containers to prevent leakage during collection, treatment, preservation and transportation.
12. After handling infectious specimens, the laboratory equipment and operating table should be routinely disinfected with effective disinfectants, especially when infectious specimens cause obvious spillage, splash or other pollution. Contaminated equipment that needs maintenance or packaging and transportation must be purified in accordance with relevant regulations before being shipped out of the laboratory.
13. If you are obviously exposed to infectious substances due to leakage or other accidents, you should immediately report to the laboratory director, provide appropriate medical evaluation, monitoring and treatment for relevant personnel, and record the archive materials.
(5) BSL-2 laboratory biosafety equipment (first-class barrier).
1. Under the following circumstances, use a properly maintained secondary biosafety cabinet or other corresponding personal protective equipment or physical protective facilities.
2. Some processes that may produce infectious aerosol or splash, including centrifugation, grinding, mixing, violent shaking or mixing, ultrasonic crushing, open container filled with infectious substances (the internal pressure may be different from the surrounding environment), intranasal inoculation of animals, and collection of infectious tissues of animals or embryos.
3. Use infectious biological factors with high concentration or large volume. If a sealed rotor or a safe centrifuge cup is used, these infectious substances can be centrifuged in an open laboratory; If these rotors or safety cups are open, infectious substances can only be centrifuged in the biosafety cabinet.
4. When infectious microorganisms must operate outside the biosafety cabinet, face protection devices (masks, masks, goggles or other splash-proof devices) should be worn to prevent infectious substances or harmful substances from splashing or spraying on the face.
5. Wear protective clothing, robes or uniforms special for the laboratory when working in the laboratory, and leave the laboratory for the non-experimental area to take off the protective clothing and stay in the laboratory. All protective clothing can be processed in the laboratory or washed and ironed by a special department, and never taken home.
6. Wear gloves when touching potentially infectious substances, contaminated surfaces or equipment. You can wear two pairs of gloves if necessary. After handling infectious substances, or when the integrity of gloves is damaged and gloves are obviously contaminated, gloves should be removed and disposed of. Treated gloves can no longer be washed, used or touched with "clean" surfaces (keyboard, telephone, etc.). ), especially outside the laboratory. The laboratory should prepare powder latex gloves for replacement. Wash your hands immediately after taking off your gloves.
(6) BSL-2 laboratory facilities (secondary barrier).
The laboratory of 1.BSL-2 must have a lockable door.
2. The laboratory has hand washing and eye washing equipment.
3. The experimental platform is waterproof and can tolerate moderate high temperature, organic solvents, acid and alkali and other chemicals used to purify tables and equipment.
4 can provide the expected installation and use of laboratory facilities. The space between tables and stools, cabinets and equipment should be easy to clean. Chairs and other facilities used in the laboratory should be covered with a layer of easy-to-purify nonwoven material.
5. The biosafety cabinet should be installed in the following ways: the fluctuation of space and the exhausted air cannot make the biosafety cabinet exceed its control parameters during operation. Biosafety cabinets should be kept away from doors, open windows, laboratory areas where people often walk around and other potentially destructive equipment to maintain the airflow parameters of biosafety cabinets.
6. Lighting in all activities should be sufficient to avoid reflection and glare that will hinder vision.
No special ventilation is needed. However, when planning new facilities, mechanical ventilation system should be considered to provide inward airflow without circulating outside the laboratory. If the laboratory has windows that are open to the outside world, screens against mosquitoes and flies should be installed on the windows.