Modern production, military industry and daily life in the indispensable rubber, in more than 150 years ago, people can not manufacture, only know from the rubber tree in the raw rubber, it is very soft hot days, to the winter but the oak board as hard. The raw rubber was applied to cloth to make a rubberized raincoat, which could only be used in the warmer seasons.
In 1838, the American Goodyear found that if the raw rubber and a small amount of sulfur yellow together with the heat, get the product than ordinary raw rubber is much better, whether it is winter or summer, can remain soft and not sticky. The rubber thus treated is called vulcanized rubber. Now we wear rainboots, bicycle tires, rubber gloves and other like rubber products, almost all are vulcanized. If a considerable amount of sulfur yellow is added, it becomes hard rubber.
Sulfur makes rubber "tame," and the carbon atoms in the rubber molecule, like a chain of carbon, one after another, and these carbon atoms pull on two hydrogen atoms. These molecules together, like a long line, called line structure. If this like rubber molecule is mixed with sulfur yellow and heated, the sulfur yellow can cleverly bridge the gap between the chains of linear molecules, turning the linear structure of the linear molecules into a mesh structure, making the rubber exponentially stronger.
However, processing from raw rubber into rubber products involves 12 processes, including batching, plasticizing, mixing, calendering, pressing out and vulcanizing. If processed into tires, in the molding and vulcanization of the two processes, with other rubber products production process is quite different.
In addition, in the ingredients, in addition to adding sulfur, but also need magnesium oxide, vulcanization accelerator, antioxidant, reinforcing agent, softening agent and coloring agent, etc., which is like building, not only need masonry sandstone, but also need reinforcement, cement. Add this many chemicals, and then after heating, rubber elasticity, strength, wear resistance have been significantly improved, made of rubber shoes, water heater bags, rubber cloth, raincoats, tires and other rubber products, only glossy, durable.