The transportation from the inland of China to the neighboring countries of China includes Mongolia, Russian Federation, Viet Nam, North Korea and five Central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan), and the transportation direction from these countries to the inland of China is opposite.
Second, the mode of transportation: (1) vehicles (2) containers.
Description:
1. China Railway Container can be leased for container transportation, and the leasing procedures are handled by the company's international department.
North Korean goods must use their own boxes.
13. In international combined transport, double containers are required before handling international combined transport.
Three. International transport plan: according to the specific requirements of cargo transportation, submit the international transport plan at the departure station in advance, and notify the International Department to coordinate and approve the international transport plan.
Four. Transport procedure
1. Accept customer inquiries: If the customer asks about the business shipped to the above countries, he should ask the customer the following questions.
(1) mode of transportation: 1) whole vehicle 2) container;
(2) sending stations and transporting them to countries and stations;
(3) Name and quantity of the goods;
(4) Estimated transportation time;
5. Name, telephone number and contact person of the customer;
[6] Others.
Step 4 accept the commission
Once the customer confirms the quotation and agrees that each company will act as an agent for transportation, the customer needs to entrust the freight company in writing. The main contents of the power of attorney include 1, (1-[6].
13. Transport documents
The customer is required to provide the following documents: (1) transport power of attorney; (2) power of attorney for customs declaration; (4) power of attorney for inspection; (5) customs declaration form; (6) contract; (6) invoices; (8) Commodity inspection release form; (9) Checklist.
4. Fill in the railway international transport bill.
If you buy a large ticket for international railway transportation locally, the International Department will fax the completed form to the local company, and the relevant personnel will fill in the official international transportation ticket, or the International Department will issue a bill and express it to the local company.
5. Customs declaration form
Customers can declare by themselves or entrust some freight companies to declare. If it is not convenient to declare at the place of departure, they can prepare the above documents for customs declaration at the ports, namely Manzhouli, Erenhot, Alashankou and Pingxiang.
In the declaration of international combined transport, the customs requires each vehicle to have a verification form, and customers need to go through the registration formalities at the customs and commodity inspection offices at the corresponding export ports.
6. set out.
According to the notice of transportation plan arrangement, when customers deliver goods, they need to take the goods declared at the local delivery place to the port together with the international combined transport bill.
Customs declaration at the port requires express delivery of contracts, packing lists, invoices, customs declarations, commodity inspection certificates and other documents to the port agency of the freight company.
After the goods are loaded, the third copy of the waybill shall be delivered to the consignor.
Once the port is handed over.
After the goods arrive at the port, they need to go through customs clearance and change clothes. After the goods are shipped by foreign cars, the freight company will inform the consignor of the loading time of the goods at the port and the car number of the foreign car.
⒏ Return the customer documents.
After the goods are handed over, the customs will return the verification form and customs declaration form to our company, and the freight company will return them to the customer according to the payment of freight.
(9) Charge
International intermodal freight is quoted in USD, and customers need to pay USD freight to the freight company. If the customer wants to pay in RMB, it needs to be approved by the international department.
The freight payment time is 10 days after departure.
Note: Customs declaration cancellation forms and cancellation forms cannot be returned to customers before the freight is received.
Some freight companies can handle import and export procedures for units without import and export operation rights. Please consult the freight company for details. I. Scope of transportation
Shipping from major ports in the world to China ports (such as Shanghai, Dalian, Qingdao, Tianjin Xingang, Lianyungang, etc.). ) to railway transportation, China Railway Port Station (Erenhot, Manzhouli, Dandong, Pingxiang, Alashankou, etc.) transportation. ) to Mongolia, Russia, North Korea, Vietnam and five Central Asian countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan).
Two. way of transportation
(1) bulk groceries (2) containers
Three. International multimodal transport plan
According to the departure time of transit goods at foreign ports, report the transportation plan of the League of Nations of the corresponding countries at China port in advance, and notify the International Logistics Department for coordination.
Four. Transport procedure
1. Accepting customers' inquiries: If customers inquire about the transit transportation business from abroad to the above countries or regions, they should know the following information.
1) commodity name and quantity;
2) Mode of transportation: bulk cargo transportation or container transportation;
3) Port of origin and destination station;
4) Estimated transportation time;
5) Company name, telephone number and contact person;
6) Our place of receipt: that is, from the port of shipment or from China Port.
Quote: Inform the International Logistics Department of the above situation as soon as possible, and make an offer to the owner after calculating the freight.
Note: 1) If the destination of the container is Mongolia, the shipper should be informed that it is best for the shipping company designated by our company to ship the container at a foreign port, so that the original container can be transported to Mongolia without changing the container after the goods arrive at China port. If the owner does not agree to use the container of the shipping company designated by our company, he should inform the owner that the container leasing problem of the shipping company will be solved by the owner himself after the goods arrive at China port or agree to open the box and switch to China Railway container.
2) After the containers destined for Russia and five Central Asian countries arrive at China Port, they need to be replaced with their own containers or China Railway containers for shipment unless the shipping company has approved them, and the containers of the shipping company can no longer be used.
13. shipment of goods: after the owner accepts our price, he asks the owner to formally entrust us in writing. Its main contents are the same as 1 and 1)-6).
According to the receiving place, it can be divided into overseas receiving and China port receiving.
1) Receiving goods overseas: We will book shipping space for the consignor at the port of departure according to the consignor's entrustment, and notify the consignor to deliver the goods to the yard designated by the port according to the shipping schedule. After the goods are loaded at China Port, we will be responsible for arranging customs clearance and loading at the port. After the goods arrive at China Railway Port Station, arrange customs declaration, inspection and exchange. Until the goods are transported to the destination and the consignee is notified to take delivery.
2) Receiving goods at China Port: After loading goods at foreign ports, the owner will send the bills of lading, packing list, invoices and other documents to our company first, and the originals will be sent to us by express delivery. If it is a port of departure near the ocean, the shipowner should inform the shipowner to take the form of "discharge" to pick up the goods at China Port.
4. Documentation
Ocean Bill of Lading: The words "a logistics company" should be filled in the consignee column, but the actual consignee cannot be written, otherwise the consignee needs to sign and endorse on the back of the bill of lading before picking up the goods at the port.
5. Information feedback
The freight company shall provide the consignor with the following information in each transportation link: the arrival time of the goods at the port, the departure time of the port, the car number, the container number (iron box in transit), the waybill number, the port reloading arrangement time, the foreign reloading car number, the estimated arrival time, etc. If the owner has further requirements, please ask the international department.
V. Freight collection
The international transit transportation of goods is denominated in US dollars, and the owner is required to pay all the transportation lump sum fees to our company within 10 days after the goods arrive at China port. Unless there are special agreements, the payment of freight is generally not accepted.
Six, go back to the box
If the owner negotiates a container use agreement with the shipping company, the freight company is responsible for sending the empty containers back to its designated container return station (currently only in Mongolia). I. Scope of transportation:
Imported goods are transported from major ports in the world to China ports (Tianjin, Shanghai, Dalian, Guangdong, Qingdao, etc. ); Goods are exported to ports all over the world through China Port.
1. Container transportation: Container transportation is mainly liner transportation. Characterized in that:
1) has fixed routes, schedules, ports and rates.
2) Freight includes loading and unloading expenses, and the carrier is responsible for loading and unloading the goods.
3) The carrier and the shipper do not calculate demurrage and dispatch fees.
4) It can be directly and conveniently changed from one means of transport to another without touching or moving the goods in the box.
After the goods are packed from the inland consignee's factory or warehouse, they can be transported to the consignee's factory or warehouse by different modes of transportation, so as to realize "door-to-door" transportation without reloading and unpacking.
3. The freight quality is guaranteed.
Generally speaking, a carrier is responsible for the whole transportation.
2. Container specifications: 20 "and 40" standard containers are the main types.
1), 20 "TEU (twenty-foot EQ Ⅳ alentun), with a volume of 32.88 cubic meters (TEU), a size of 5.904x2.34x2.38, a dead weight of 2.5, and a deadweight of 17.5 tons.
2) The volume of 40 "TEU is 67.2 cubic meters, and its size is12.192x2.434x2.591. Its load capacity is 4 tons and its load capacity is 25 tons.
Mode of transportation: (1) Full container transportation (2) LCL.
1. Packaging method of container goods: At present, there is no effective and generally accepted unified method for container transportation in the world. However, when dealing with specific container business, countries generally have similar practices. According to the international practice of container business, it is briefly introduced as follows:
According to the quantity of goods, it is divided into FCL (full container) and LCL (less container), and LCL goods are charged per cubic meter.
13. The delivery methods of container goods are divided into:
1) FCL delivery and FCL connection (fcl/fcl);
2)LCL/LCL；
3)FCL/LCL；
4) LCL/FCL。
4. The delivery places of container goods are divided into:
1) door to door; (Door-to-door): The container loaded by the shipper is delivered to the carrier for acceptance in its warehouse or factory warehouse, and the carrier is responsible for the whole transportation until the consignee's warehouse or factory warehouse delivers the container. The whole process of this connection transportation is called "door to door" transportation.
2) The door exists; A container yard from the consignor's warehouse or factory warehouse to the destination or unloading port.
3) station by station;
4) Field to door.
Fourthly, container classification.
According to the different nature of cargo loading and transportation conditions, containers are classified according to their purposes: 1, groceries containers 2, insulated containers 3 and special containers.
After the container of the shipping company arrives in Hong Kong, there is a free period of 7- 10 days, which exceeds 10 days. 20-foot container is 5 USD per day, and 40-foot container 10 USD. In the future, it will double every 10 day.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) freight payment
According to the terms of trade, the payment of freight can be divided into prepaid and collect.
Prepaid freight: the freight must be paid before the bill of lading is issued. Its terms of trade are CIF and CNF (the shipping space is reserved by the exporter).
To pay the freight: Pay the freight before the goods arrive at the destination port and are delivered.
The shipping charges are all calculated in US dollars. The RMB freight charged is converted into US dollars when it is handed over to the shipping company.
Intransitive verb transport program
1. Accepting customer inquiries: When customers inquire about the export goods shipped from China to major ports in the world and the import transportation business shipped from major foreign ports to China ports, they should know the following information.
1) commodity name and quantity;
2) Mode of transportation: full container and full.
3) The country's port of shipment and destination;
4) Estimated transportation time;
5) Company name, contact person, telephone number, fax number, telex number, etc.
6) Mode of trade: import or export;
After knowing the cargo transportation situation, inform the customer that the freight company will quote the freight price as soon as possible according to the information provided. If the goods need to be transshipped, our company will also provide customers with customs declaration and transshipment fees.
When a customer inquires about the freight rate of container transportation from a freight company, the freight company first contacts the shipping company: 1) Make an inquiry; 2) Confirm with the customer after making a counter-offer; 3) Booking the venue; 4) Pick up the goods in the yard designated by the shipping company; 5) Issue the bill of lading when the ship leaves port; 6) Give the bill of lading to the customer.
The trade terms of export business mainly include CIF (cost insurance plus freight) and CNF (cost plus freight).
14. Quotes
Inform the international logistics department as soon as possible after receiving the customer's inquiry, and make an offer to the customer after calculating the price.
Seven. customs procedure
1. The customs declaration documents required for export include: one power of attorney for customs declaration, one power of attorney for inspection, one power of attorney for customs declaration and inspection, one power of attorney for shipping (basis for booking space), contracts, invoices, packing lists, such as equipment (mechanical and electrical certificates required), products (licenses required), export verification forms and other documents. One month after the completion of customs declaration, the customs declaration form and verification form shall be returned to the customer in time.
The terms of trade of import business are CIF, CNF and FOB (FOB(BOAD). The customs declaration documents required for import include: power of attorney for customs declaration, power of attorney for inspection, contract invoice, packing list, product duty-free declaration form, and mechanical and electrical approval for equipment. Within half a month after the completion of customs declaration, the import customs declaration form shall be written off in time and returned to the customer.
Eight, on behalf of the means of transportation
After the goods are declared, the mode of freight forwarding should be prepared according to the unloading place of the contract and the requirements of customers, especially for railway transportation. It should be noted that it is necessary to apply for the wagon plan in advance and complete the declaration procedures according to the arrival time of the ship and the railway regulations. After the truck is approved, contact the port business office, and the port business office will make a loading plan according to the declared situation. After customs declaration, the goods that need to be transported by car will be arranged according to the customer's delivery place. I. Scope of transportation
Goods imported from major ports in the world transport bulk groceries to China ports (Tianjin, Guangdong and Qingdao ports) and goods exported from China ports (Tianjin, Bayuquan, Yingkou and Qinhuangdao ports).
Common names and modes of transportation of bulk groceries: bulk groceries mainly import products such as coal, ore, grain, fertilizer, feed and barley, and export products such as coke and bauxite.
Main modes of transportation: whole ship transportation by sea, and chartering transportation. The value of goods involved in chartering business is low.
According to the CIF and FOB price conditions in the trade of goods, the charterer is determined. There are three modes of charter transportation: time charter (also called voyage charter), time charter (referred to as time charter) and bareboat charter. The chartering business involved by freight companies is mainly voyage chartering. Pay the agreed freight to the shipowner.
Mode of transportation: The whole ship is divided into Panama type (below 70,000 tons) and Cape of Good Hope type (above 80,000 tons).
Three. Transport procedure
1. Receive customer inquiry; When consulting chartering transportation, customers should know the following questions.
(1) mode of transportation: Panama type and Cape of Good Hope type;
(2) the port of shipment and the port of discharge;
(3) Name and quantity of the goods;
(4) Loading rate and unloading rate;
5] The waterline of the loading port and the unloading port;
(6) Estimated transportation time;
(7) Name, contact person, telephone, telex, e-mail, fax, etc.
After knowing this information, inform the customer that the freight company will quote the freight of the chartered ship as soon as possible, as well as the cost of customs declaration and transshipment at the port.
4. Know the loading and unloading time of users.
After confirming the transportation agent and customs declaration agreement with the freight company, the user shall be informed in advance to provide a full set of copies of customs declaration documents according to the arrival and unloading time of the ship.
13. Time limit for import declaration: declare within 14 days from the date of entry of the means of transport. If the customs fails to pay the tax within 14 days after issuing the tax bill, the customs will levy a late fee.
4. Inspection procedure: inspection-payment of inspection fee-entry and exit customs clearance form-draft measurement-sampling inspection-quality certificate.
Customs declaration process: declaration-inspection-tax payment-release-customs clearance.
5. Customs declaration and inspection documents
Inspection documents: inspection power of attorney, inspection list, contract, invoice, foreign draft weight list and quality certificate.
Customs declaration documents: customs declaration power of attorney, customs declaration form, contract, invoice, weight list, customs clearance form for commodity inspection, insurance policy and copy of letter of credit.
Fourth, the payment of chartering freight.
The payment of charter freight is not necessarily synchronized with the terms of the contract, but depends on the charter agreement determined with the shipowner.
1.CIF and CNF terms: Redeem the bill of lading with the freight paid on the day of sailing.
4.FOB terms: Pay the freight within 10 after sailing, or pay the freight after the ship arrives at the destination port.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) calculation of taxes and fees
Import tariffs are mainly paid on CIF terms, and CNF and FOB terms must be converted into CIF terms when calculating tariffs.
Import duty: duty paid price x tariff rate
Import VAT: (duty paid price+customs duty) x VAT rate.
Export duties are paid by products according to customs commodity tariffs.
6. The legal fees include: customs duties, value-added tax and commodity inspection fees.
Seven, port transshipment time
After the bank pays the customs duties, the customs will submit the customs payment form to the customs, and the customs will stamp the release stamp on the bill of lading through the payment form. At the same time, according to the user's delivery flow plan, the inland river shipping, railway and highway plans are completed, and the release bill of lading is submitted to the port business office.
Eight. example
Description of the goods.
Name: coal (power coal), quantity: 162662, contract amount: USD4759490. 12, description of ship: name of ship: LOWLANDSGLOR, LOA (full length): 289m, beam (width): 45m, draft:. Departure date: February 2, 20021; Anchorage arrival date: 22: 00 on March 6th; Docking date:1March 9, 4; Date of departure: March 6, 3434. The comprehensive tariff rate is 19.78%. Terms of trade: CIF Qingdao.
Operation process:
L/C settlement: As L/C settlement means that it takes a long time for the goods to be delivered and paid by the bank with the relevant documents such as bill of lading and inspection after shipment, the original documents have not arrived when the ship arrives at the port. In this case, the user must be informed to fax the full set of customs declaration documents required by the port to the customs declaration unit before the goods arrive at the port, and the customs declaration unit will apply for inspection according to the documents provided. Let the commodity inspection authorities issue an entry clearance form, pick up the commodity inspection personnel at the port to measure the draft when the goods arrive at the anchorage and berth, and the captain will send the first manifest data to the shipping agent according to the bill of lading. After filling in the draft information, the captain will send the face sheet to the shipping agent, and the customs declaration unit will change the bill of lading on board according to the original bill of lading. In the case that the original bill of lading has not arrived, the shipping agent will negotiate with the shipowner to unload the goods through the letter of guarantee, and the unloading will not affect the early declaration.
In the case of complete copies of the full set of customs declaration documents, apply to the customs for forecasting customs clearance, and the customs will conduct on-site inspection according to the declared cargo documents, set the tax according to the data provided by the manifest, and issue a customs declaration form. After the payer pays the customs duties according to the designated account, he submits the customs declaration form, and the customs stamps the bill of lading according to the payment form.
According to the flow direction of goods provided by users, arrange plans for coastal transportation, inland river transportation, railway transportation and highway transportation. And the direction of transportation, transportation schedule, release bill of lading, etc. It will be handed over to the business office of the port authority, and they will arrange the loading time according to the direction plan provided by us. Within 15 days after the goods are unloaded, the commodity inspection will issue a quality certificate and a draft weight list, and the customs will issue a verification copy of the import declaration form according to the unloading situation.
After all the operation procedures are completed, hand over all the expense documents, certificates issued by the goods and customs declarations to the users, and settle the accounts.
The above business operation process is only a general process. The specific problems of cargo transportation and customs declaration will change with different situations.
Nine, chartering business
Freight companies can engage in charter business and formulate charter terms according to the unloading capacity of the unloading port. If the unloading port is under pressure for a long time and the unloading rate is relatively low, our company can sign a CQD clause that is beneficial to us when chartering, but the freight will be relatively higher.
Chartering on FOB terms can help users reduce costs and increase our freight profits, while renting China ships can reduce foreign exchange losses.
The development of chartering business will enhance our popularity and lay a solid foundation for the all-round development of business and logistics. -operational risks and preventive measures of freight forwarding business?
With the integration of the world economy, the booming international multimodal transport business provides freight forwarders with opportunities to develop their business, give full play to their advantages and increase their profits. At this time, the international freight forwarder, as the organizer of multimodal transport, is duty-bound to become the operator of international multimodal transport business and the responsible party of the whole transportation. Combined with the origin and development of freight forwarding industry, the identity of freight forwarders has formally developed from a single agent, a dual agent and an operator to a party (or carrier) that independently undertakes transportation responsibilities. However, opportunities and challenges coexist, profits and risks coexist, and freight forwarders will inevitably encounter a series of risks. How to actively take effective measures?
Inquiry-Booking Space-Packing/Making Bill of Lading Confirmation-Customs Declaration-Tracking Boarding-Issuing Bill of Lading-Issuing Invoice-Sending Bill of Lading Invoice-Payment-Return Verification Form.
1. When booking shipping space, you need to fax the valid and complete export cargo details and the entrusting party's booking stamp to 10 7 days before sailing. Confirm the full cost before shipment.
If customers need our company to load goods in the factory, they need to cooperate with us and fax a clear packing list to our company after packing. Whether loading the goods in the factory or sending them to the warehouse, it needs to be completed two days before sailing. At the same time, we need to confirm the sample bill of lading issued by our company, so that our company can provide the original bill of lading in time after sailing. If your goods are exported to the United States, the above work needs to be completed four days ago. )
13. Customs declaration materials-including verification forms, customs declaration power of attorney, customs declaration forms, invoices, packing lists and other materials consistent with export goods, need to be sent to our company three days before sailing, so as to review the documents in time. If your goods are exported to the United States, the above work needs to be completed four days ago. )
2. Track whether the goods are on board within 1 day after sailing.
Two days after sailing, the original bill of lading will be countersigned and sent together with the freight invoice.
Generally speaking, according to the agency contract, after 20 days of sailing, you need to pay any fees corresponding to this ticket business.
After receiving the freight, the tax refund form will be sent in the shortest time.
Answer: Tianyu Xingqing-Magician Level 412-2912: 591. After receiving the customer's complete set of documents, it is necessary to find out which shipping company the imported goods belong to, which company is the shipping agent, and where to change the bill of lading for customs clearance. (Note: The complete set of documents includes the original bill of lading or endorsed telex copy, packing list, invoice and contract).
Precautions:
1. Contact the shipping company or shipping agent in advance to determine the arrival time and place of the ship. If transshipment is required, confirm the name of the second-class ship.
3. Confirm the bill change fee, box fee and time with the shipping company or shipping agent in advance.
3. Contact the station in advance to confirm the box lifting fee, box moving fee, loading fee and air return fee.
Two, with the endorsement of the original bill of lading (in the case of cable delivery, fax and letter of guarantee by cable delivery) to the shipping company or shipping agent in exchange for bill of lading and equipment delivery.
Precautions:
There are two forms of endorsement. If the consignee column on the bill of lading shows "to order", it is endorsed by the "shipper"; If the consignee column shows its real consignee, the consignee needs to endorse it.
A letter of guarantee is a written certificate issued by the importer to the freight forwarder requesting delivery. The contents of the letter of guarantee include the port of import, the port of destination, the name of the ship, the voyage, the bill of lading number, the scale and the seal of the importer.
13. When changing bills, carefully check whether the copy or telex of the bill of lading is consistent with the box number and seal number on the bill of lading.
4. The bill of lading is divided into five parts: white delivery part, blue expense list, red expense list, green delivery record and light green delivery record.
⑸ Equipment Handover Sheet: it is the voucher for the handover of containers and other mechanical equipment between container users, container carriers, container managers or their agents when containers enter and leave irrigation areas and stations, and also manages the function of the container owner to issue vouchers for containers. When containers or mechanical equipment are lent or recycled in the container terminal yard or freight station, the terminal yard or freight station will make an equipment handover form, which will be signed by both parties as evidence of equipment handover between the two parties.