Strategic emerging industries refer to those industries which are based on major breakthroughs in frontier science and technology, represent the new direction of future scientific and technological and industrial development, embody the trend of development of knowledge-based economy, recycling economy and low-carbon economy in today's world, are still in the early stage of growth, have great potential for future development, and have a global driving force and a significant leading role in the economy and society.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao convened three symposiums on the development of emerging strategic industries on September 21 and 22, 2009, to listen to the opinions and suggestions of economic, scientific and technological experts.
At the meetings, Wen emphasized that the development of emerging strategic industries is a major strategic choice for China to tide over difficulties at present and level up in the long run, and that it is necessary to select and develop emerging strategic industries with an international perspective and strategic thinking.
Forty-seven academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and academicians of the Academy of Engineering, professors and experts from universities and research institutes, and heads of enterprises and industry associations attended the meeting. Participants offered advice on the development of new energy, energy-saving and environmental protection, electric vehicles, new materials, new medicine, bio-breeding and information industries. Wen Jiabao discussed and exchanged views with the participants on the strategic direction, technical route, development layout, scientific research and policy support of the industries concerned.
November 3, 2009 morning in the Great Hall of the People to the capital of the scientific and technological community entitled "let science and technology to lead China's sustainable development" speech, Wen Jiabao emphasized that the scientific selection of emerging strategic industries is very important, choose the right can leapfrog the development of the wrong will be a mistake. China's development of emerging strategic industries, with certain comparative advantages and broad space for development, can make a difference.
One should attach great importance to the development of new energy industry, innovation and development of renewable energy technology, energy saving and emission reduction technology, clean coal technology and nuclear energy technology, vigorously promote energy conservation and environmental protection and resource recycling, and accelerate the construction of low carbon emissions as the characteristics of the industrial, construction and transportation system. We should strive to be at the forefront of the global development of new energy vehicles, as soon as possible to determine the technical route of new energy vehicles and market promotion measures, and promote China's automobile industry to leapfrog development.
Secondly, we should focus on breaking through the key technologies of sensor network and Internet of Things, and deploy the related technology research and development in the post-IP era as early as possible, so as to make the information network industry become the "engine" that promotes the industrial upgrading and moving towards the information society.
Third, we should accelerate scientific and technological research in the fields of microelectronic and optoelectronic materials and devices, new types of functional materials, high-performance structural materials, nanotechnology and materials, etc., and expedite the formation of new materials and intelligent green manufacturing system with world advanced level.
Fourth, the use of life sciences to promote the development of agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. Actively develop transgenic breeding technology, and strive to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products. We will break through the key core technologies of innovative drugs and basic medical devices, and form a pharmaceutical R&D industry chain led by innovative drug R&D and advanced medical equipment manufacturing.
Fifth, we should boldly explore space, the ocean and the deep part of the Earth, implement the manned space program and the Chang'e program, effectively enter and peacefully utilize space, effectively strengthen research on the sustainable development of coastal zones, promote the rational development of marine resources and the development of marine industries, and strive to improve the level of exploration of resources in the deep part of the Earth, and fully excavate and make good use of all kinds of resources.
Wen said more attention should be paid to basic research and strategic high-tech research. Original innovation is the source of a country's competitiveness. If China wants to seize the commanding heights of future economic and technological development, it can't always track and imitate others, nor can it wait for technology transfer, but must rely on its own strength to come up with original achievements.
Premier Wen Jiabao presided over the executive meeting of the State Council on September 8, 2010, and considered and adopted in principle the "State Council's decision on accelerating the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries".
The meeting pointed out that it is of great significance to accelerate the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries based on major technological breakthroughs and major development needs, to promote the upgrading of industrial structure and transformation of the mode of economic development, to enhance China's capability of independent development and international competitiveness, and to promote sustainable economic and social development. It is necessary to adhere to the combination of playing the fundamental role of market and government guidance and promotion, combining scientific and technological innovation with industrialization, deepening the institutional reform, taking enterprises as the main body, promoting the combination of industry, academia and research, and fostering the strategic emerging industries to become the leading industries and pillar industries of national economy.
The meeting determined the key direction, main tasks and supporting policies for the development of strategic emerging industries. (I) from China's national conditions and science and technology, industrial base, at this stage, choose energy saving and environmental protection, new generation of information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials and new energy automobile seven industries, in the key areas of concentrated efforts to accelerate the promotion. (ii) Strengthen scientific and technological innovation to enhance the core competitiveness of the industry. Strengthen industrial key core technology and frontier technology research, strengthen the construction of enterprise technology innovation capacity, strengthen the construction of highly skilled personnel and the creation, application, protection and management of intellectual property rights, the implementation of major industrial innovation and development projects, the construction of industrial innovation support system, and the promotion of major scientific and technological achievements of industrialization and industrial agglomeration development. (C) actively cultivate the market and create a favorable market environment.
Organize and implement major application demonstration projects, support market expansion and business model innovation, establish industry standards and important product technical standards system, and improve the market access system. (D) deepen international cooperation. Promote international scientific and technological cooperation and exchanges at multiple levels, through multiple channels and in multiple ways. It will guide foreign investment in strategic emerging industries, support conditional enterprises to carry out overseas investment, and improve the quality and level of international investment and financing cooperation. Actively support key products, technologies and services in strategic emerging industries to develop international markets. (v) Increase the support of fiscal, tax and financial policies, and guide and encourage the investment of social capital. Set up special funds for the development of strategic emerging industries and establish a stable growth mechanism for financial input. Formulate and improve tax support policies to promote the development of strategic emerging industries. Encourage financial institutions to increase credit support, give full play to the financing function of multi-level capital market, and vigorously develop venture capital and equity investment funds.
The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, prepare national strategic emerging industries development plan, formulate industrial development guide directory, optimize regional layout, and form a coordinated development pattern of strategic emerging industries with different characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure.
The industrialization process of the world for more than 200 years has only enabled developed countries with less than 1 billion people to realize modernization, but resources and original ecology have paid a heavy price. The modernization of developing countries, including China, can no longer continue the traditional economic growth and development model. Sustainable development is the eternal theme of modernization, and the progress of human civilization calls for sustainable development and a new scientific and technological revolution, and China is about to face a serious challenge. We must rely on science and technology to realize China's sustainable development, rely on science and technology to form a mode of production with less inputs and more outputs and a mode of consumption with less emissions and more utilization, and walk out of a new type of industrialization and urbanization that leads to development in production, affluent living and ecological well-being. Let this beautiful and ancient land of China become an oasis and paradise for the descendants of the Yellow Emperor to flourish for generations! Today's world is suffering from the impact of the financial crisis, but also in the eve of a new scientific and technological revolution. the first half of the twentieth century, took place in quantum mechanics and relativity theory as the core of the revolution in physics, coupled with the subsequent Big Bang model, the structure of the DNA double helix, plate tectonics theory, computer science, the breakthroughs of these six scientific theories, **** with the establishment of the basic structure of the modern scientific system. Since the second half of the 20th century, despite the rapid growth of knowledge, but basically for the existing scientific theories of the perfect, there can be no with these six revolutionary scientific breakthroughs comparable to the theoretical achievements or major discoveries. In this sense, the "scientific silence" has been more than 60 years now. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the precursors of revolutionary breakthroughs in some important fields of science and technology have begun to appear. This new scientific and technological revolution will rely on the strong demand for modernization, and will be driven by innovation in the knowledge and technology system.
The Chinese people have always been a creative people. Ancient China's printing press, gunpowder and compass changed the face and state of things in the world. In recent history, we have had four opportunities for development. The first was when the European Industrial Revolution took place. The first was when the European Industrial Revolution prompted what we call the "Kangxi Era". Kangxi 61 years, Qianlong 60 years, plus 13 years in the middle of Yongzheng, a **** 134 years, the Qing dynasty indulged in "heavenly kingdom" blind self-esteem, to the development of the release of the "ban on the sea", closed the door to the world of China. For foreign scientific and technological inventions, called "strange and wondrous", ignore. As satisfied with the traditional agricultural society's mode of production, the scientific and technological revolution and the industrial revolution, numbness, missed the opportunity, the second is the 1840 "Opium War", the Western powers of the sharp artillery opened the door of the Qing Dynasty, the foreign affairs faction launched the "teacher of the barbarians in order to control the barbarians! "The third time is the first half of the last century, due to the warlords and foreign invasion, so that China lost the opportunity to save the country through science and industry. The valuable scientific and technological foundation established by the new China was greatly damaged, and we lost the opportunity of the world's new technological revolution, so that China lost the opportunity of the new technological revolution. We also lost the opportunity of the world's new technological revolution, so that the gap between China and the world's advanced level of science and technology has been narrowed once again widened. China can no longer afford to lose sight of the new technological revolution. China can no longer lose touch with the new technological revolution, we must pay close attention to and closely follow the general trend of the world's economic and technological development, to win the initiative in the new scientific and technological revolution, make a difference.
The century-old international financial crisis of 2008 has caused the world economy to suffer the most serious challenges since the Great Depression of the last century. The scope of the crisis, the depth of its impact and the speed of its spread have exceeded people's expectations. China's economy has also suffered a serious impact, mainly due to shrinking external demand, overcapacity highlighted, some industries and enterprises production and operation difficulties, the number of unemployed people increased, the economic growth rate fell significantly.
To see the international financial crisis on China's unprecedented challenges and opportunities. Short-term difficulties and long-term conflicts are intertwined, the task of transforming the mode of development and adjusting the economic structure is becoming more and more arduous, the constraints of resources and environment are becoming more and more prominent, and the pressure of international economic and technological competition is increasing. Only by accelerating institutional innovation and scientific and technological innovation can we fundamentally overcome the adverse effects of the international financial crisis. Therefore, while the positive economic trend is being consolidated, we should and must start thinking about the long-term. The long-term things are science and technology and education.
Historical experience shows that economic crises often breed new scientific and technological revolutions. It is major breakthroughs and innovations in science and technology that drive major restructuring of the economy, provide new engines of growth, and rebalance and lift the economy to a higher level. Whoever can dominate in science and technology innovation will be able to grasp the initiative of development and take the lead in recovery and prosperity. The United States proposes to increase its investment in research and development to the highest level in history, 3% of GDP, and seeks to make breakthroughs in new energy sources, basic science, stem cell research and spaceflight, etc.; and has twice put forward the main directions of U.S. science and technology, including energy conservation and environmental protection, and a smart planet. The European Union has announced that it will invest 105 billion euros in the development of a green economy by 2013, maintaining its world-leading position in the field of green technology. The United Kingdom has strengthened its competitive edge in industry from high-tech, especially biopharmaceuticals. Japan focuses on developing energy and environmental technologies. Russia proposes to develop nano and nuclear energy technologies. We must be far-sighted and seize the opportunity to strive for leapfrog development in this competition and narrow the gap with developed countries in economy and science and technology.
For China's economy to develop in a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable manner over a longer period of time, and if it wants to embark on an innovation-driven, endogenous growth track as soon as possible, it must make efforts in the four areas of strategic decision-making, scientific and technological innovation, leading talents and industrialization of reserves. The Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan has been formulated, taking the construction of an innovative country as a strategic goal, sustainable development as a strategic direction, and the fight for the economic and scientific and technological commanding heights as a strategic focus, so as to gradually make the strategic emerging industries become the dominant force in economic and social development. These forward-looking, strategic and overall arrangements reflect the strategic policy of China's scientific and technological development of independent innovation, key leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future. Scientific selection of strategic emerging industries is very crucial. If you choose the right one, you can leapfrog the development, and if you choose the wrong one, you will miss the opportunity. Strategic emerging industries must master the key core technology, with market demand prospects, with low resource and energy consumption, driving coefficients, employment opportunities, comprehensive benefits.