Schematic diagram of the principle of solar water heater natural circulation collector:
1, heat absorption process
Vacuum tube solar water heater: solar radiation through the outer tube of the vacuum tube, and then be absorbed by the collector coating along the inner wall of the tube to the water inside the tube, at this time, the water is heated and the temperature is gradually increased, the specific gravity of the reduction and rise, the formation of an upward momentum, constituting a thermosiphon system. The water is heated and the temperature rises gradually. With the hot water constantly moving up and stored in the upper part of the water storage tank, while the lower temperature of the water along the other side of the tube constantly replenished so that the cycle repeats itself, and ultimately the whole box of water are elevated to a certain temperature.
Flat plate solar water heater: where the medium in the collector plate due to the natural circulation of the thermal siphon, followed by the solar radiation heat to the tank in time, the medium can also be pumped through the cycle to achieve heat transfer, so there is a constant flow of people to maintain the stability of the water temperature.
2, circulating pipeline
The vacuum tube type solar water heater with direct insertion structure, the hot water is because of the role of gravity to provide power; however, the flat plate type is powered by the pressure of the tap water. Both types of centralized solar heating systems, however, use pump circulation. Since solar water heaters do not have a large collecting area, piped circulation is generally not used in consideration of heat loss.
3, the system works
1) temperature difference control collector circulation
Collector temperature meter and water temperature sensor placed in the solar hot water floor heating system, can well absorb solar radiation, prompting the collector tube temperature rises, and then when the collector temperature and the tank temperature water temperature difference reaches △ t set value, through the detection system sends out a command to the circulating pump will be centralized. When the temperature difference between the collector temperature and the water tank temperature reaches the set value of △t, the circulating pump will input the cold water in the central water heater into the collector through the instruction of the detection system, and then the water will be heated and returned to the water tank again to make the water in the tank reach the set temperature.
2) Underfloor heating pipe circulation system
This system is to increase the hot water circulation pump as a different point, and then through the controller to better control the circulation of the underfloor heating pipe as the working principle. Then by automatically starting the underfloor heating circulation pump when the water temperature reaches the set temperature, the high temperature water is circulated through the underfloor heating coils in the room, so that the indoor temperature is constantly increased. If the tank water temperature starts to fall below a certain set value, the underfloor heating pipe circulation pump should be automatically stopped as the best way.
Solar water heater structure illustration:
Solar water heater installation
Preparation
(1) Prepare construction tools. For example: screwdrivers, wrenches, electric drills, and so on.
(2) open the water heater packaging, according to the packing list to check whether the accessories are complete. 1) the number of vacuum tubes are complete and whether it is intact; 2) whether the electric heating is intact; 3) whether there is a dent in the tank body; 4) whether the support accessories are complete; 5) can only be controlled by the controller package is intact and so on.
1, installation bracket
(1) installation location selection. Generally choose the roof, the direction is sitting north to south, is facing south west 5 ~ 10 °, to ensure that there is no shade. The entry pipeline should also be reduced, which can increase the sunshine time.
(2) Assemble the bracket. Installation should be in accordance with the instructions who assembled the front piece and back piece together, and then use a wrench to tighten the screws, no loose can. Then the installation of the front and rear pieces of side slant bracing, play a structural reinforcement.
(3) will be the water tank and vacuum pipe are installed, and then test all the screws, and then tighten.
2, fixed bracket
General use of cement piers, playing expansion bolts or wire rope fixed bracket, of course, need to be more of their own roof to choose the best way to fix. Wire rope fixing method: the wire rope or large steel set in the front bracket around the frame and barrel bracket around the u-ring, and tighten the nut, will be connected to the four wire rope or steel to the water heater four corners of the direction of the stretch, in the daughter's wall or other places to choose the appropriate location, drilling according to the expansion of hooks, wire rope or steel with the corresponding expansion of the hooks U-ring firmly connected.
3, installation of water tank
(1) the installation of electric heating. First open the dust insulation cover of the electric heating port, loosen the screws inside, and then pry the bottom of the plug, check the built-in sealing rubber ring to see if it is tight, and then put the built-in electric heating rod, tighten it and then restore it, tighten the bolt.
(2) first put the water tank on the assembled house bucket bracket, connect the water tank with the bucket bracket with bolts, tighten the rack and bucket bracket connecting nut, make the two ends of the water tank and the bracket left and right ends of the distance is equal, the center line of the vacuum pipe is parallel to the plane of the front bracket, and then put the silicone sealing ring into the inner bucket flap holes to put the flat.
4, the installation of vacuum pipe
(1) the installation of the pipe seat. First install the vacuum tube tube seat, the lower part of the collector tube to be installed, and install the tube seat in the designated position of the bracket.
(2) Insertion of pipe. First check the insulation layer tank liner set with the sealing silicone ring, and then check whether the vacuum tube process tail corner is broken, then check the transparency of the coating like mercury, check whether the mouth of the tube is processed burr, roundness. The vacuum tube outside the sealing silicone ring escaped into the vacuum tube about 15cm, with soapy water to fully wet the mouth of the tube, the right hand to grasp the end of the vacuum tube, one is to protect the process tail corner, the second is to facilitate the insertion of the tube force. Vertical mouth direction into the vacuum pipe, force evenly and gently rotated into the water tank, inserted after the return of the pipe seat, so that all the vacuum pipe installation is completed in turn.
5, hot and cold water pipes
(1) water inlet and outlet wrapped in tape, and then on the pipe fittings, linking the solar energy pipe.
(2) The electric heat tape is tightly attached to the outer wall of the pipe, and tied with adhesive tape.
(3) The sensor is installed in the water tank mall water level meter hole, and the outside of the pipe is insulated with thick polyethylene rubber pipe.
(4) solar water tank on the water from the tap water access.
6, wiring
(1) electric heating wiring. Red line for the fire wire, two-color line for the ground line, the remaining one for the zero line. Strip the wire to expose about 2cm of copper wire and put on heat shrink tubing for insulation and dust protection. Then link the power cord with these three wires against the color, connect solidly and securely, and wrap it uniformly with waterproof insulating tape from the outside to avoid short circuit.
(2) electric accompanied by tropical wiring. In the electric accompanied by tropical port cut a beveled surface, let its two lines of distance is relatively far away, avoid link short circuit. Wrap it with insulating tape to make it fully insulated, and align the end of the electric accompanying heat tape with the end of the tube, and fix it with insulating tape on the official road to make it close to the wall of the tube. The other end is intelligent controller terminal, if there is pressurized water pump, water pump wiring and electric accompanying heat parallel link.
7, install intelligent controller
(1) positioning. In the indoor side wall, punching holes, and then insert the plastic expansion tube, the fixed base of the measuring and control instrument is installed on the wall.
(2) The sensor signal line and the signal line excuse of the control box are docked according to the marking and inserted firmly.
(3) thermostatic water mixing solenoid valve to be installed horizontally, solenoid valve wiring were connected to the control box on the terminal.
8, debugging operation
Installation is complete, turn on the controller power, run.