1, the type of accident and the degree of harm analysis
In the construction process, the possible occurrence of high-rise tower crane construction accidents are mainly reflected in:
(1) the tower crane operation suddenly safety limit device out of control, the occurrence of the impact of guardrail and neighboring cranes or falling objects, or the violation of safety regulations operation, resulting in major accidents (such as tipping, broken arm);
(2) the pit Side slopes under the action of external loads landslide collapse.
(3) Serious damage to facilities by natural disasters (e.g., lightning, sandstorms, earthquakes strong winds, heavy rainfall, blizzards, etc.).
(4) Accidents involving casualties during dismantling and jacking of tower cranes.
(5) Failure of electrical equipment in operation or serious leakage of electricity in the line.
2, the basic principles of emergency response
Better adapted to the requirements of the law and economic activities; to provide a better and safer environment for the work of the enterprise employees and residents around the construction site; to ensure that a variety of emergency resources are in a good state of readiness; to guide the emergency response action in accordance with the plan to carry out in an orderly manner; to prevent accidents delayed due to the poorly organized emergency response action or on-site rescue work in an unordered and confused Emergency rescue; effectively avoid or reduce casualties and property damage; to help achieve rapid, orderly and efficient emergency response; fully embodies the spirit of emergency rescue emergency. Adhere to the safety first, prevention first, the protection of personnel safety priority, the protection of the environment priority policy, the implementation of the principle of constant preparedness, unity of command, efficient coordination, continuous improvement.
3, organizational structure and duties
3.1 Emergency organizational system
Group leader:
Deputy leader:
Group members:
3.2 Command structure and duties
Group leader duties:
(1) Decide whether there is or may be a major emergency, request emergency services to provide assistance and implement an off-site emergency response plan for direct control in areas not affected by the incident;
(2) Review and assess the direction in which the accident (incident) is likely to develop, and determine how it is likely to unfold;
(3) Direct the partial shutdown of the facility and, in conjunction with the key personnel of the Leadership Team members, direct the evacuation of personnel from the site, and ensure that adequate attention is given to any injured persons ;
(4) Contacting off-site emergency response agencies and making arrangements for the handling of emergencies;
(5) Enforcing traffic control within the site (facility) and assisting off-site emergency response agencies with their services;
(6) Controlling the restoration of the affected site and organizing the participation of personnel in the analysis and handling of the incident after the emergency is over.
Duties of the deputy team leader (i.e., on-site manager):
(1) Assessing the scale and development of the accident and establishing emergency steps to ensure the safety of employees and minimize damage to facilities and property;
(2) If necessary, participating directly in ambulance activities before the arrival of rescue services;
(3) Arranging for the search for the injured and arranging for the evacuation of non-essential personnel to a centralized area;
(4) Establishing communication links with the Emergency Response Center and providing advice and information to the emergency services.
Responsibilities of team members: rescue and salvage of accidents under the leadership and command of the team leader
4, prevention and early warning
4.1 Dangerous source monitoring
Establishing and improving the methodology and procedure of monitoring the information of major sources of danger of the project, perfecting the work of hazardous source identification, and identifying and evaluating the sources of danger. Strengthen the monitoring of major accident hazards in technology and management measures to prevent serious and large accidents. Dangerous areas of hazardous equipments are clearly marked to achieve standardized and standardized management. Two tower cranes (QTZ-80 and QTZ-100) are used for on-site construction to hoist materials used for formwork, steel reinforcement, concrete and other materials.
4.2 Early Warning Action
In case of accidental tipping of tower crane, the project management personnel at the site should immediately report the danger by phone to the project manager Ma Fengde. Ma Fengde immediately called the deputy manager Zhang Guohua, rescue command group other members, rescue, rescue, protection group members carrying their own rescue tools, rushed to the scene of the accident.
Information communication:
Project leader: cell phone:
Safety leader: cell phone:
Technical leader: cell phone:
Site site phone:
Hospital emergency center 120 Fire 119 Bandit 110
Project office receives the report, it should be quickly notified to the entire command center Members, the head of the unit received the report, should be reported to the relevant departments of the accident occurred within one hour to the level. The contents of the report include: the time of the accident, location, unit, contact phone number, the reporter, the number of casualties and other brief information.
5, emergency response
5.1 Response grading
In order to ensure normal construction, to prevent emergencies and certain unforeseen and irresistible events, there are sufficient technical measures to prepare beforehand, the reserve of emergency supplies, to minimize casualties, national property and economic losses, it is necessary to carry out a risk analysis and take effective preventive measures.
According to the characteristics of the project, based on the identification, analysis and evaluation of hazardous factors and risks in the construction, it is determined that one of the major risk factors of the project is the tower crane tipping. In the site has been taken on the basis of mechanical and electrical management, safety management of a variety of preventive measures, but also need to develop the tower crane tipping emergency program, specifically as follows: assuming that the tower crane foundation collapse may be tipping; assuming that the tower crane torque limit failure, the crane driver violates the rules of serious overweight lifting, may cause the tower crane tipping.
5.2 Response Procedures
Construction process of the construction site or resident in the occurrence of unforeseen need for emergency rescue treatment of the danger, should be quickly reported level by level, the order of the site, the project department. By the project quality and safety department to collect, record, organize emergency information and timely transmission to the group, by the group leader or deputy leader to preside over the emergency treatment meeting, coordination, dispatch and unified command of all vehicles, equipment, personnel, materials, etc. to implement emergency rescue and report to the higher level. Accident handling according to the size of the accident to determine the situation, if the accident is particularly small, according to the instructions of superiors can be directly by the construction unit to deal with their own. If the accident is large or the construction unit can not deal with the construction unit to the construction unit of the competent department or other higher government departments for instructions, requesting the start of the construction unit of the rescue plan, the construction unit of the rescue plan can not be dealt with, the construction unit of the safety management department to the construction of the Authority safety monitoring station or government departments to request the start of the rescue plan at the next level.
(1)Duty telephone: the project department implements day and night duty system, the duty situation of the project department is as follows:
Duty personnel:
Duty time: 7:30～20:30; 20:30～7:30
(2)After the emergency occurs, the scene should be well guarded and evacuated, protect the scene, rescue the injured and property in time, and the At the scene of the highest level of the project department responsible for the command, within three minutes of the telephone notification to the duty officer, mainly explaining the nature of the emergency, location, time of occurrence, whether there are casualties, whether you need to send an ambulance, fire engines or police support to the scene to implement rescue, if necessary, you can directly dial 120, 110 and other distress calls.
(3) The duty officer must report the situation to the leader and deputy leader of the emergency leadership team within 2 minutes after receiving the emergency report. The team leader organizes a discussion in the shortest possible time after the issuance of instructions on how to carry out on-site disposal. Personnel and vehicles are dispatched to the scene to rescue, guard, evacuate and protect the scene. The quality and safety department of the project department will call the relevant departments of the upper level in the name of the team to report within 30 minutes.
(4) In case of emergency, all the workers should be special and urgent, and actively and positively devote themselves to the handling of the emergency. All kinds of equipment, vehicles, equipment, materials, etc. should be unified deployment, all kinds of personnel must firmly and unconditionally obey the orders and arrangements of the team leader or deputy team leader, shall not be delayed, shirking, hindering the handling of emergencies.
5.3 Disposal and preventive measures
(1) Command and control:
Rescue group arrived at the accident site, under the command of Ma Fengde split the work.
①First of all, the rescue group and the manager together to identify the danger: to determine whether there is still a source of danger. Such as touching off the high and low voltage wires are electrified; tower crane components, other components whether there is a risk of continuing to collapse; casualties; agreed rescue program, the deputy manager of the project to the general manager to report to the report for approval, and then organize the implementation.
② protection group is responsible for the accident site near the operating personnel evacuated to a safe area, and guard against idlers close to the external attention to polite language.
③ site duty electrician is responsible for cutting off the power supply of the low-voltage electrical lines are dangerous. If at night, connected to the necessary lighting;
④ rescue team in the exclusion of the continued collapse or electrocution risk, immediately rescue the injured: while contacting the ambulance, while the timely bleeding bandage, with a stretcher will be carried to the injured car to the hospital.
5 the tipping deformation of the tower crane disassembly, repair work should be asked to tower crane manufacturers to guide under the guidance of people.
6 tower crane accident emergency rescue is completed, the project manager immediately convened the deputy manager, technician, safety officer and tower crane driver group of all comrades to investigate the accident, to find out the cause of the accident, the person responsible for as well as the development of corrective measures to prevent the recurrence of similar.
⑦Review and revise the effectiveness of the emergency plan.
(2) From the analysis of the above risk situation, if the corresponding effective preventive measures are not taken, not only to the construction of the project caused a great impact, but also to the safety of the construction workers pose a threat.
Safety technical requirements for tower crane installation, dismantling and operation:
a The foundation of the tower crane must be carried out in strict accordance with the instruction manual and program. Before the tower crane is installed, the foundation should be inspected and meet the requirements before the tower crane is installed.
b Before the installation and dismantling operations, the operation program must be carefully studied, and the work should be divided into several parts in strict accordance with the erection procedures and unified command.
c Installation of tower cranes must ensure the stability of the installation process in various states, must use special bolts, not arbitrary substitution.
d The arrangement and spacing of the tower crane attached to the wall poles should be in accordance with the provisions of the manual. When the horizontal distance between the tower and the building is greater than that specified in the instruction manual, the stability of the attached pole shall be verified, or redesigned and made, and confirmed by the technical department and accepted by the competent department. In the tower crane is not disassembled to the permissible cantilever height, it is strictly prohibited to disassemble the attachment bar.
eThe tower crane must be installed with safety devices such as lifting moment limiter, lifting capacity limiter, amplitude limiter, lifting height limiter, slewing limiter and other safety devices in accordance with the current national standard "Safety Regulations for Tower Cranes" GB5144 and the instruction manual.
fThe operation and use of tower cranes shall comply with the following regulations:
①Before the operation of tower cranes, the metal structure, connecting bolts and wire ropes shall be inspected for wear and tear; before the power is supplied, the handles of the controllers shall be in the zero position, and the tower cranes shall be operated in no-load operation, and the safety devices and mechanisms shall be tested and confirmed to be normal.
② tower crane operation is strictly prohibited overloading, diagonal pull and lifting buried in the ground and other unknown weight
piece;
③ lifting bulk objects, should be made of special cages or containers, and should be guaranteed that the material will not fall off in the process of lifting. The cage or container should be tested before use according to the permissible load capacity of twice the load, and should be regularly inspected during use;
④When lifting long materials such as multiple steel pipes and reinforcement bars, it is necessary to make sure that the slings are securely tied to prevent the slings from slipping and the materials from falling out during the lifting process;
5The vertical distance of the lifting objects between the two tower cranes should not be less than 2 m. When the requirement cannot be met, the vertical distance of the lifting objects between the two tower cranes shall not be less than 2 m. The vertical distance of the lifting objects between the two tower cranes should not be less than 2 m, and when the requirement cannot be met, it should be adjusted by the adjacent tower cranes. Adjust the working height of the adjacent tower crane, add travel limit, slewing limit device and other measures, and develop cross operation procedures;
6 vertical suspension of cables along the tower, the cable should be used to not be pulled by the weight of the cable and wear and tear of the reliable device suspension;
7 operation is complete, the lifting arm should be turned to the downwind direction, and should be released rotary brake, lifting trolleys and counterbalance weight should be placed in a non-working state.
g in order to prevent accidents, the tower crane must be qualified by the professional team to install and dismantle the tower crane, the tower crane driver must be licensed, after the installation by the Technical Supervision Bureau of Special Equipment Safety Inspection Center or the Construction Management Bureau of the Safety Supervision Station acceptance before being put into use.
h tower crane driver operation, must be strictly in accordance with the operating procedures, are not allowed to work against the rules, the strict implementation of the ten do not hang, before the operation must have a safety and technical briefing records, and fulfill the signature in the sequel.
j tower crane installation, jacking, dismantling must be prepared first construction program, approved by the project manager to follow.
k all frame workers must be licensed, work with a good personal protective equipment, strictly according to the program construction, do a good job of the tower crane pulling the joints pulling the work, to prevent the collapse of the frame.
l tower crane installation is completed, must be by the technical supervision bureau of special equipment safety testing center or the construction authority tower testing center acceptance before being put into use.
6, emergency supplies and equipment security
Emergency resources preparation is an important guarantee of emergency rescue work, the project department should be based on the nature of potential accidents and consequences of the analysis, equipped with the rescue machinery and equipment needed in emergency rescue, transportation, medical equipment and medicines, and life support materials.
Security accident emergency commonly used materials and equipment are:
(1) Standing medicines: disinfectant medicines, first aid items (band-aids, bandages, sterile dressings, Rendan, etc.) and a variety of commonly used small splints, stretchers, hemostatic bags, oxygen bags, etc..
(2) rescue tools: shovels, crowbars, gas cutting tools, firefighting equipment, small metal cutting machine, electricians commonly used tools.
(3) Emergency equipment: shelf pipe, helmet, safety belt, gas mask, emergency lights, walkie-talkie, welding machine, water pump, fire extinguishers and so on.
(4) equipment: 2 minivans.
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