General-purpose computers:? General-purpose computers are suitable for solving general problems, its adaptability, wide range of applications, such as scientific computing, data processing and process control, etc.,? But its operational efficiency, speed and economy based on different applications will be affected to varying degrees.
Specialized computers are used to solve a particular aspect of the problem, with a particular problem for the solution of the software and hardware developed specifically for applications such as automation control, industrial instrumentation, military and other fields. Specialized computer for a certain type of problem can show the most effective, fastest and most economical characteristics, but it is less adaptable, not suitable for other applications.
2, according to the size of the computer: can be divided into jumbo, small jumbo, mainframe, minicomputer, microcomputer, graphic workstations and so on.
◆ Giant machine: also known as supercomputer, generally used in cutting-edge defense technology and modern scientific computing and other fields. Giant machine is the fastest contemporary, the largest capacity, the largest volume, the cost is also the highest. At present, the computing speed of the giant machine has reached several tens of trillions of times per second, and this record is still being constantly updated. Giant machine is an important direction of computer development, the development of giant machines is also an important measure of a country's economic strength and scientific level.
◆ Small giant machine: also known as small supercomputer or desktop supercomputer, typical products are the U.S. Convex company's C-1, C-3, C-3, etc. and Alliant's FX series.
◆ Mainframe: mainframe including the commonly referred to as large and medium-sized computers, these computers have a higher computing speed and larger storage capacity, generally used for scientific computing, data processing or used as a network server, but with the rapid development of microcomputers and networks, is being replaced by high-grade microcomputers.
◆ Small machines: Small machines are generally used for industrial automation, medical equipment in the data acquisition and so on. Such as DEC's PDl11 series, VAX-11 series, HP's 1000, 3000 series and so on. At present, small machines are also challenged by high-grade microcomputer.
◆ Microcomputer: microcomputer referred to as microcomputer, also known as personal computer (PC), is currently the fastest growing and most widely used type of computer. Microcomputer's central processor using microprocessor chips, compact and lightweight. At present, the main microprocessor chips used in microcomputers are Intel's Pentium series, AMD's Athlon series, and IBM's Power PC and so on.
◆ Graphics workstations: graphics workstations are personal computing environment and distributed network environment for the premise of high-performance computers, usually equipped with high-resolution large-screen monitors and a large capacity of internal and external memory, and has a strong information processing and high-performance graphic, image processing functions and networking capabilities. Mainly used in professional graphics processing and film and television creation and other fields.
3, the last computer can be divided into analog computers, digital computers and hybrid computers according to the object of processing.