As September approaches, many colleges and universities have begun to welcome new students. The freshmen who come to the school to report are also excited and full of expectations for the new life that is about to begin. However, when you come to live in a new environment, you must first familiarize yourself with the environment and ensure your own safety. The freshman who came to Hangzhou to study from other places did not start military training after reporting. As a result, he fell from the upper bunk of the dormitory at night and fell into a coma. , after being sent to the hospital, his life is still not out of danger. So how to provide first aid after a coma?
1. A girl fell unconscious after falling from the upper bunk
Early this morning, some readers broke the news that a freshman girl who had just come to Hangzhou from other places accidentally fell from the building at Zijingang Campus of Zhejiang University. His life was in danger and he was rescued at Hangzhou No. 2 Hospital.
At 9 o'clock in the morning, the reporter verified that the girl did not fall, but was injured when she fell from the upper bunk of the dormitory. She is currently undergoing surgery. The teacher is accompanying her in the hospital, and her parents have not arrived yet.
At 10:40, the reporter met two teachers from the school and the parents of the girl who came from Jiangsu at the hospital.
The school teacher said that the girl involved in the accident, whose surname is Xu, is 18 years old and is from Jiangsu. She only reported to school on the 26th of this month and has not yet participated in the freshman military training. Early this morning, she accidentally fell off the top bunk of the dormitory bed, and then everyone called 120.
At 04:40 in the morning, the girl who had the accident was sent to Hangzhou No. 2 Hospital.
The doctor involved in the rescue said that the girl was in a coma when she was sent to the hospital. The wound on her head was on the right auricle and other places, and there was obvious trauma. The operation lasted three hours. It was mainly a brain contusion, a subdural hematoma on the left side, and a fracture on the right side.
After the operation, the intracranial hematoma was reduced, but it remains to be observed whether intracranial bleeding will continue.
The doctor said that as far as the operation was concerned, the emergency room went smoothly, but his life was not out of danger yet.
2. First aid after a fall and coma
There is a situation where you cannot move easily, that is, spinal injury. If the rescuer does not have this knowledge, materials and equipment, he cannot Move easily. To judge, the two most important points are that after the lumbar and thoracic vertebrae are injured, the spinal cord may be injured, and there will be no feeling below. If it's the neck, it means quadriplegia. How to check, one is to see if he can feel anything, see if he can move, he can no longer lift his legs, even if he pinches him, he has no feeling. Not to mention laymen, even if I touch you, you won’t move. Everyone, don’t move and call 120 immediately. When our colleagues come, they all have skills, and we have special equipment, such as neck braces, stretchers, etc., which are all internationally renowned. Best of all, it won't make your condition worse.
In other cases, the rescuer must move (the patient) in time. If immobility is not possible, there are also cases where the patient falls, so let him move first. Some medical patients fall down. For example, insufficient blood supply to the brain causes the fall, which is caused by internal causes, and some patients who fall because of uneven walking are caused by external causes.
When dealing with a fall, first check whether the person is conscious or not. You didn’t wake him up, or if you did, don’t rush. If you are unconscious, further examination is required. You have to check the breathing immediately. If there is breathing, the person must be alive, but has lost consciousness. If there is no breathing, or even pulse and heartbeat loss, for example, sudden death, which is also common. Resuscitation operations must be carried out immediately.
There are also other comas. He doesn’t know if he is called, but he is breathing, and even breathing is obvious when lying down, so we need to consider whether there is cerebral hemorrhage. What should I do if it’s a cerebral hemorrhage? It is best to put him in an externally stabilized lateral position.
Another situation is that he loses consciousness, which is coma. If you are unconscious, you should turn to the side position when lying on your back. First, all the muscles in the coma are relaxed, including the tongue muscles. If you lie down like this and fall back, the body will not exchange gases with the outside world. Because suffocation can kill. This is a question of the first tongue. Second, many comas are accompanied by vomiting. If you are lying on your side, the secretions will flow out. If you are lying down, the secretions in the mouth may flow in immediately, causing suffocation. Try to turn the patient sideways. At least everyone knows to turn their bodies sideways so that their tongues are no longer blocked and any vomiting or secretions come out. When an elderly person encounters such an unexpected situation, such as fainting, he himself loses the ability to provide first aid, and he especially needs help from outsiders.
3. Common first aid precautions
(1) Avoid losing the big for the small.
When encountering an emergency or serious patient, you should first focus on whether the patient is alive or not. Know the signs of activity and know what preliminary examinations must be done on the patient during on-site first aid to see if the patient still has a heartbeat and breathing, and whether the pupils are dilated. If the heartbeat or breathing stops, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and chest cardiac compressions should be performed immediately.
(2) Avoid handling things on your own
For example, when dichlorvos or trichlorfon poisoning occurs, avoid using hot water and alcohol to scrub. Instead, you should take off contaminated clothes immediately and wash them with clean water. Wash with water; small and deep wounds should not be bandaged hastily to avoid causing tetanus; if abdominal viscera is injured and prolapses, do not return it to the abdomen, but cover it with clean gauze to avoid secondary infection.
(3) Avoid moving at will
In the event of an accident, patients are often nervous, calling the patient’s name or calling him random names, pushing and shaking the patient. In fact, it is better to leave the patient alone. For medical treatment on the ground, avoid moving at will, especially for patients with fractures, cerebral hemorrhage, and craniocerebral trauma.
(4) Don’t give up what is near and go far
When rescuing an injury or illness, time is of the essence. You should send the patient to the nearest hospital, especially when the patient’s heartbeat and breathing are on the verge of stopping. It shouldn’t be sent far away.
(5) Avoid excessive consumption of drinks
Many people mistakenly believe that giving patients hot tea and hot water will alleviate their condition. In fact, it is unnecessary.
(6) Stop using drugs indiscriminately
Many families have some backup drugs, but their knowledge of using drugs is limited, so do not use them indiscriminately. For example, in patients with acute abdominal pain, excessive use of painkillers will mask the condition and hinder correct judgment. At this time, patients should not and are not allowed to take painkillers indiscriminately.
(7) Avoid panic
It will not help if you panic when something happens. If you panic and use your hands to pull the person who gets an electric shock, you will only get an electric shock yourself. At this time, the power supply should be cut off first, and the patient should be removed from the wire with wooden sticks, bamboo poles and other insulators before first aid can be carried out.
(8) Avoid always lying on your back
Not all acute and severe patients should lie on their backs. The best position should be decided according to the condition, and the patient can choose the most comfortable position. . For example, patients who have lost consciousness can be asked to lie on their backs with their heads tilted to one side; patients with acute abdominal pain can be asked to bend their knees to relieve pain; patients with cerebral hemorrhage can be asked to lie on their backs, but in a head-high and feet-down position; patients with cardiac wheezing can be asked to lie down. He is sitting, slightly leaning on the chair.