According to their performance and different uses, they can be divided into broadcasting-grade, business-grade, home-grade.
Broadcast-grade camera: is the most high-grade camera, mainly used in the field of broadcast television. Image quality is the best, color, grayscale are very realistic, almost no geometric distortion, with excellent dark-field image, in the allowable operating range, the image quality change is very small, stable performance, a high degree of automation, the remote control function is comprehensive, the volume is slightly larger, of course, the price is also the highest.
Business-level cameras: mainly used in electrochemical education, closed-circuit television, industry, medical and other fields. Image quality is lower than the broadcast level, cheap, small and lightweight.
Home-level camera: mainly used for home entertainment, such as travel, weddings, birthdays, parties and other occasions, image quality is general, inexpensive. But it also has a use in the production of programs, such as amateurs encountered some emergencies, the scene shot with a home machine, or some anecdotes and wonders.
Sometimes also often to the production method to distinguish;
Studio (ESP) with a camera, the best image quality, the highest clarity, signal-to-noise ratio, the largest, and slightly larger.
Live program production (EFP) with the camera. Image quality and other indicators are slightly lower than the studio camera, you can use batteries and AC power supply; can be used for both ENG and studio use.
Electronic News Gathering (ENG) with the camera, mainly used for location work environment, the requirements of small size, light weight, portable, flexible, easy to operate.
(2) special-purpose cameras
In addition to broadcasting and television, other uses can be called special-purpose cameras. Such as industry, transportation, medical, commercial surveillance, image communication.
These cameras require lightweight, inexpensive, general image quality, but often have special features, such as night traffic monitoring, infrared cameras need to have a high sensitivity, medical need to have a high sensitivity to X-ray cameras.
Some aspects of the same can be used in the production of television programs.
2. According to the camera device classification
According to the different types of camera devices, the camera can be divided into two categories of camera tube cameras and solid-state cameras.
Camera tube camera quality is often measured by the camera tube target surface material. Broadcast camera commonly used as a target surface materials, lead oxide, aluminum oxide tube camera, its image quality, high sensitivity, good photoelectric conversion linearity. Business-level camera commonly used selenium, arsenic, hu three sulfur compounds as the target surface material, called selenium and arsenic pounds tube camera, its image quality, performance are good, cheap.
Solid-state camera devices camera photoelectric conversion is completed by the semiconductor camera devices, including broadcast television cameras are composed of charge-coupled devices (CCD). There are three main ways: interline transfer mode, referred to as IT mode; inter-frame transfer mode, referred to as FT mode; frame. Interline transfer method, referred to as FIT method.
3. According to the number of camera device classification
l) three tubes and three-chip camera
Camera using three camera tubes or three CCD chips, respectively, produced by the red, green, blue three primary color signals, can get a very high image quality, color reproduction is good, clarity and signal-to-noise ratio is high, used in the broadcast level and business-level cameras.
2) two-tube and two-chip camera
It's image quality is lower than the three-tube and three-chip camera, the price is not cheap, is a kind of transitional models.
3) single-tube and single-chip camera
Camera using a camera tube or a CCD chip, with a special method to produce a red, green, blue three-color signal, the image quality is general, mostly used in surveillance systems and home entertainment cameras.
4. According to the size of the camera device classification
Camera device size and image quality has a direct relationship with the size of the large, effective number of pixels, the image clarity is naturally very good, the sensitivity will be high, of course, the volume is also large.
Camera tube camera to the diameter of the camera tube size measurement, CCD camera to the CCD chip photoreceptor area equal to the corresponding camera tube target surface area of the tube diameter measurement.
5/4-inch tube camera
The largest size of the camera tube camera, sensitivity and clarity of the best, the largest volume, can only be used as a studio camera.
1 inch tube camera
The clarity and sensitivity is slightly inferior to the 1 inch tube camera, the volume is slightly smaller, as a studio and on-site program production with the camera.
2 / 3 inch tube camera
Good image quality, small size, light weight, can be used as a studio and on-site program production with the camera, more widely used in electronic news gathering occasions.
1/2-inch tube camera
Mostly single tube machine, image quality is low, as a home camera.
2/3-inch CCD cameras
Good image quality, the most widely used in broadcast and business-grade cameras.
l/2-inch CCD camera
Three-chip form, image quality is good, can be used as business-class cameras; single-chip form, can be used as home-level cameras.
5. Integration of camcorders
Integrated camcorders are cameras and video recorders combined into one device. Separable camcorder is a camera with a camera add-on, can be used as a separate camera; non-separable camcorder is a camera and VCR completely combined into a whole, can not be separated. Such as the home in the palm of your hand
Separable camcorder, is a combination of cameras and professional video recorders. Such as SONY DSR-130P is a combination of DSR-D30 camera and 1P VCR.
6, according to the signal mode
According to the signal mode is divided into: analog cameras and digital cameras
Analog cameras: processing output is analog