In order to improve the PI Tangchang Township, PI sewage treatment plant of various types of accident emergency response capabilities, full, timely, rapid and efficient control of various types of accidents (including water intake sudden abnormalities, process operation accidents and electrocution (including lightning), fires, equipment, and casualties and other safety accidents), to minimize accidental losses and negative impacts caused by accidents, to protect national property and personnel safety. Guarantee the safety of national property and personnel, for the production and operation of the actual, the development of emergency response plan for accidents as follows:
One, the guiding ideology
In order to prevent all kinds of accidents, strengthen the management of emergency rescue, we have to adhere to the "prevention first, safety first" policy, adhere to the stability of the operation and Discharge, seriously study and implement the relevant national laws and regulations, knowledge, mastery of the production process and operating technology, enhance the leadership and staff of the sewage treatment plant safety awareness, to prevent accidents. Once an accident occurs, the leadership must command in accordance with the procedures specified in the accident emergency plan to eliminate the spread and development of the accident and reduce the accident losses to a minimum.
Two, the basic tasks of the accident emergency rescue
The goal of the accident emergency rescue is to minimize the loss of the accident through effective emergency rescue operations, the basic tasks are as follows:
1, immediately organize the rescue of victims, organization of the evacuation or other measures to protect the hazardous area of the other people. In emergency rescue operations, rapid, orderly and effective implementation of on-site first aid and safe transfer of the injured is the key to reduce casualty rates and reduce accident losses. Due to the sudden occurrence of major accidents, rapid spread, wide range and great harm, employees should be educated to learn to take measures to protect themselves and save themselves in daily production management, and if necessary, they should be quickly evacuated from the hazardous area or the area that may be jeopardized. In the process of evacuation, the workers should be actively organized to carry out the necessary self-rescue and mutual rescue work.
2, rapid control of the situation, the occurrence of accidents caused by the hazard detection, monitoring, determination of accidents in the hazardous area, the nature of the hazard and the degree of harm. Timely control of the source of the hazards caused by the accident is an important task of emergency rescue work. Only timely control of the source of danger, prevent the accident continues to expand, can effectively rescue. When an accident occurs, should quickly organize the volunteer fire department, equipment rescue team, and rescue personnel together to quickly control the accident continues to expand.
3, eliminate the consequences of the hazard, do a good job of site restoration. For the occurrence of different accidents, as well as the human body, soil, air and other hazards caused by the reality and possible hazards, the timely adoption of closure, isolation, decontamination, testing and other measures to prevent the continued harm to the human body and the pollution of the environment, and the timely cleanup of the ruins and the restoration of basic facilities to restore the accident site to a relatively stable basic state.
4, find out the cause of the accident, assess the degree of harm. Accidents should be investigated in a timely manner after the occurrence of the cause of the accident and the nature of the accident, to assess the scope of the accident and the degree of harm, to identify casualties, and do a good job of accident investigation.
Three, the implementation of emergency rescue leading group responsibility system
1, the establishment of emergency rescue leading group:
Leader: Director of the sewage treatment plant
Deputy leader: Deputy Director of the sewage treatment plant
Members: Director of the Office of the company, the manager of the Department of Operations and Management, and the leadership of the relevant departments.
2, emergency rescue leading group responsibilities:
Water treatment plant in the event of an accident, is responsible for directing the rescue work in the plant, to the plant personnel rescue orders issued by the task of coordinating the rescue work between all personnel, to keep abreast of the latest developments in the rescue and to make the latest decisions, the first time to the 119, 120, 110 and the relevant departments to report and ask for help. Daily production, team members take turns on duty, the duty must be in the plant, the cell phone is open 24 hours a day, in the event of an emergency, in the emergency rescue leading group leader did not come to the scene, the duty leader is the temporary acting leader, fully responsible for the implementation of the rescue work.
Four, fire-fighting equipment configuration and first aid apparatus preparation
Fire rescue materials: rescue materials are cement, sand, lime, sacks, wire, etc., well-prepared.
Types of disaster relief equipment and devices: prepared helmets, seat belts, cutting machines, gas welding equipment, small power tools, general hardware tools, raincoats, rainboots, flashlights and so on. Uniformly stored in the warehouse, by a person on duty 24 hours.
Fire-fighting equipment: dry powder fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, evenly distributed in the sewage treatment plant area. Set up the site evacuation instruction signs, emergency lighting.
First aid items: equipped with first aid kit, masks, stretchers and a variety of trauma care supplies.
Other necessary material supply channels: Maintain the material supply channels in the society (telephone contact), ensure the supply at any time.
First-aid vehicles: report 120 emergency vehicle assistance.
V. Emergency Response Steps and Procedures
(1) abnormal production and operation accidents
1, water quality failure
(1) found that the quality of incoming water exceeds the design standard of incoming water, report to the company and the environmental protection department immediately;
(2) found that the quality of the incoming water is seriously exceeding the standard: CODcr>650mg/L or NH3-N>80mg/L or SS>1,000mg/L or SS>1,000mg/L or SS>1,000mg/L or SS>1,000mg/L or SS>1,000mg/L. 80mg/L or SS＞300mg/L or PH＞9.5 or PH＜5.0, immediately report to the company and the environmental protection department, wait for instructions, prepare to stop the water intake, prepare to open beyond the gate;
(3) found that the water intake quality of particularly serious exceedance: CODCR＞800mg/L or NH3-N＞100mg/L or SS＞400mg/L or PH>10 or PH <4.0 or other serious deterioration of water quality, immediately report to the company and the environmental protection department, reduce the amount of water intake, after an hour if the water quality is still no improvement, stop the water intake, open the beyond the gate.
(4) when the above situation occurs, immediately analyze the water quality data of the water intake, according to the laboratory data on the relevant process to make timely adjustments to ensure that the sewage treatment system does not cause great harm.
2, sudden rainstorm
1) according to the weather forecast in advance on the gate and other equipment to ensure that intact.
2) Observe the water level of the catch basin at any time and report to the leadership.
3) out on patrol, must pay attention to personal safety, pay attention to anti-skid, need someone to cooperate with two or three people work together to operate.
4) As the water level of the water intake ditch is related to the upstream ditch on both sides of the residents of life, when the water level is much higher than the height of the gate, should be immediately to the company, PI County Water Bureau and environmental protection departments to report, increase the amount of water intake, if the intake level is still rising, open the gate to avoid flooding of upstream residents of the living facilities.
3, the amount of water seriously exceeds the sewage treatment system design capacity (8000m3 / d)
contact with the leadership in a timely manner, and take water samples to test COD. immediately to the company for instructions, at the same time to the PI County Water Bureau and environmental protection departments to respond to the situation, according to the specific circumstances of the process adjustment.
4, sudden power outage
1) immediately report to the company.
2) The site equipment out of operation.
3) blackout over 20 minutes, immediately report to the company and the PI County Water Bureau, and power supply companies to contact the power delivery situation in a timely manner, while opening the gate.
4) incoming call, according to the operating procedures immediately open the equipment, resume operation.
5, the principle of emergency treatment
(1) timely control into the sewage treatment plant serious exceeded the water quality, overloaded water on the sewage treatment system;
(2) to strengthen the operation control, to ensure that the operation is normal;
(3) to strengthen the operation and maintenance of the equipment;
6, the accident preventive measures
(1) the operating Personnel should operate in strict accordance with the process operating procedures, strengthen the inspection patrol, accurate feedback into the water quality and water.
(2) Timely and reasonable adjustment of operating conditions, acidic and alkaline and special high concentration of wastewater into the sewage treatment system is strictly prohibited.
(3) to strengthen the equipment and process operation and management, seriously do a good job of equipment, piping, valves and gate inspection, the existence of potential safety hazards of equipment, piping, valves and timely repair or replacement.
7, emergency accident handling process and mode:
(1) after the discovery of the accident, the staff on duty immediately report to the command team leader and deputy leader, and keep in touch with the leading group at any time during the accident.
(2) the command team received the report, should be promptly reported to the company, PI water bureau and environmental protection departments, and at any time during the accident processing works to maintain contact with the company, PI water bureau and environmental protection departments.
(3) the staff on duty to investigate the cause of the accident and emergency treatment.
8, after the accident recovery and from new entry
There is an accident emergency response plan command team announced the end of the emergency response plan, return to normal operating conditions.
(B) equipment operation accident
Fire emergency response steps:
1, immediately alarm. When receiving information on the occurrence of fire, the type and size of the fire should be determined and immediately reported to the fire prevention command system. Fire command system to start the emergency plan, the command team should quickly dial "119" fire alarm, and promptly report to higher levels of leadership, to facilitate the timely fighting and disposal of fire incidents.
2, the organization of fire fighting. When a fire occurs in the plant, the police should be timely, and should immediately organize the site firefighters and employees to fight the fire, firefighters choose the appropriate equipment to fight, fight in accordance with the "first control, after the fire; save people more important than the fire; the first focus, after the general" principle of fire-fighting tactics, sent to cut off the power supply, connecting the hydrant, organization, rescue casualties, isolate the fire and the fire. Rescue casualties, isolation of fire hazards and key materials and important equipment and appliances, make full use of the plant site equipped with fire-fighting facilities and equipment to extinguish the fire.
A. Fire-fighting group: use fire extinguishers and outdoor fire hydrants to put out the fire in the early stage of the fire.
B. Evacuation team: according to the situation to determine the evacuation, escape routes, directing the evacuation, and maintain order and head count.
C. Rescue group: according to the casualty situation to determine the first aid measures, immediately contact with the "120" emergency center, and assist professional medical personnel to rescue the injured.
D. Defense group: do a good job of site protection, set up warning signs to prevent secondary fire hazards.
3. Evacuation of personnel is the key to reducing the expansion of casualties, but also the most thorough emergency response. Drawing evacuation channels on the site layout plan, once the fire and other accidents, personnel can be evacuated to the safe zone according to the diagram.
4, to assist the armed forces fire department to extinguish the fire: liaison group to call "119", "120" for help, and sent to the intersection to meet. When the professional fire department arrived at the scene of the fire, fire emergency response team members to briefly explain the fire to the person in charge of the fire department, and fully assist the firefighters to extinguish the fire, listen to the command of the professional fire department, and work together, *** with the extinguishing of the fire.
5, site protection. When the fire occurred and extinguished, the command team should be sent to protect the scene, maintain the scene order, waiting for the cause of the accident and the investigation of the responsible person. At the same time should immediately take the aftermath of the work, timely cleanup, the fire caused by the classification of garbage disposal and other effective measures to minimize the pollution caused by fire accidents on the environment.
6, fire accident investigation and disposal. In accordance with the relevant departments of the accident investigation and handling procedures, the fire situation should be timely according to the "four do not spare" principle of investigation and handling. After the accident to analyze its causes, prepare an investigation report, take corrective and preventive measures, responsible for the evaluation of the plan and modify the plan. Emergency leadership team to submit a timely report on the occurrence of fire to the administrative departments.
6, rescue, disaster relief personnel training and drills
1, rescue knowledge training: regular organization of staff training related to safety, disaster relief knowledge, invite the relevant technical experts to come to explain, through the knowledge of the training, to be able to do a rapid, timely treatment of the fire accident scene, reduce losses to a minimum.
2, the use of equipment and maintenance technology training: the use of various types of equipment, organization of staff training, drills, teaching employees to use emergency equipment.
3, every six months to the staff and related personnel for the use of fire equipment training and drills (first aid for the injured, general knowledge of the use of fire-fighting equipment, rescue and disaster relief basic knowledge, etc.).
4, strengthen publicity and education, so that all construction workers understand fire prevention, self-help common sense.
Seven, equipment accidents, electrocution (lightning), drowning and other casualties of the emergency response steps
1, immediately alarm. When receiving equipment accidents, electrocution (lightning), drowning and other casualties, should immediately cut off the power supply, report to the emergency response team, start the emergency plan, the command team should immediately call "120", "110" emergency center phone, and promptly report to higher levels of leadership. Report to the higher leadership.
2, the organization of casualty rescue. In the "120", "110" before the arrival of professional ambulance personnel, volunteer ambulance crews to casualties, should be moved to the nearest safe zone, for the drowning should be inverted drenching outlet in the water, the electrocution should be lying down on the top, for the Artificial respiration.
3, professional ambulance personnel arrived at the scene, the volunteer ambulance crew with the rescue and transfer to the hospital and other work.
4, other procedures such as fire emergency response steps.
Eight, plan management and improvement
After the occurrence of various types of accidents, to organize professionals, accident analysis of its causes, in accordance with the principle of "four do not spare" to investigate and deal with accidents, the preparation of accident investigation report, to take corrective and preventive measures, responsible for the review of the plan and improve the plan.
Attachment: common abnormalities in the operation of sewage treatment plants and countermeasures
Abnormalities in sludge properties and their countermeasures
Abnormalities Symptoms Analysis and Diagnosis Countermeasures
Aeration tank has a foul smell Insufficient oxygen supply to the aeration tank, DO value is low, and the effluent is sometimes higher Increase the supply of oxygen, so that the DO in the aeration tank is higher than 2 mg/L
Sludge Blackened aeration tank DO value is low, the organic matter anaerobically released H2S, and Fe2 + action to generate FeS Increase the oxygen supply or increase the amount of reflux sludge
Sludge whitening filamentous fungi or solid ciliate reproduction in large quantities of influent PH is too low, aeration tank PH ≤ 6, the filamentous molds grow in large quantities of sludge expansion and other symptoms with reference to its countermeasures to improve influent PH
Sedimentation tank has a large piece of black sludge floating sedimentation tank localized Black sludge floatation Sedimentation tank local collection of anaerobic sludge, produce CH4, CO2, attached to the mud particles of the floatation, the effluent ammonia nitrogen is often higher Prevent sedimentation tank has a dead end, after sludge discharge, in the dead end area with compressed air flushing
The second sedimentation tank sludge surface elevation, the initial discharge of clear water, the flow rate of large sludge into a layer of external abuse SV>30%, SVI>200ml/g, filamentous in the sludge dominant
The second sedimentation tank mud surface, initial discharge of clear water, flow large sludge into layers of external abuse SV>30%,SVI>200ml/g, filamentous in the sludge is dominant The sludge is swollen, the filamentous bacteria are killed by chemical methods such as adding liquid chlorine, sodium hypochlorite, and increasing PH value; adding granular carbon, clay, etc., to increase DO; interstitial water inlet
The mud surface of secondary sedimentation tank is too high, the filamentous bacteria are overgrown, the MLSS is too high, and increase the discharge of sludge
The mud surface of secondary sedimentation tank is tired of a layer of deflocculated sludge, the micro-animals die, the sludge is deflocculated, and the quality of effluent is deteriorated, COD, BOD, increases; there are poisonous substances in the influent water, the concentration of which is high. Rise; Toxic concentration in influent water is too high or PH value is abnormal Stop influent, add nutrients after sludge discharge, introduce domestic sewage to make sludge rejuvenation or introduce new sludge strain
The second sedimentation tank has fine sludge constantly scooping sludge lack of nutrients and thin; Ammonia and nitrogen concentration in influent is too high, C/N is not suitable; Pool temperature is too high, mixing is too high so that flocs are crushed Add nutrients or introduce high BOD sewage to make F/M>s too high, increase sludge discharge. /M>0.1, stop opening an aeration tank
The supernatant of the second sedimentation tank is often turbid, poor effluent quality Sludge loading is too high, the organic matter oxidation is not safe Reduce the flow of influent to reduce sludge discharge
Floating scum appears on the surface of the aeration tank The scum has an overgrowth of Nocardia in the scum; the content of detergent in influent water is too high Remove the floating scum to increase the discharge of sludge
The sludge is immature, and flocs are thin and small; Turbidity of the effluent, poor water quality; poor mobility of small flagellates Water composition and concentration changes are too large; nutrients in the sewage is unbalanced or insufficient, sewage containing toxins or pH abnormalities to make the sewage composition and concentration of nutrient homogenization, and appropriate supplementation of the required nutrients
Sludge filtration difficulties sludge deflocculation discretionary
Sludge dewatering sludge cake loose Organic decay, insufficient coagulant dosage Timely treatment of sludge, increase the dosage
Aeration foam is too much, white color Too much detergent in the feed water Add defoamer
Aeration tank foam is not easy to break, sticky Inlet water load is too high, the decomposition of organic matter is incomplete Decrease the load
The foam in the aeration tank tea-colored or grey sludge aging sludge age is too long, the deflocculation of the sludge attached to the foam Increase the amount of sludge discharged
Decrease in the pH value of the water. Anaerobic treatment in the load is too high, the accumulation of organic acids aerobic treatment in the load is too low, ammonia nitrogen nitrification Reduce the load
Increase the load
Elevation of suspended solids (MLSS) in the effluent A layer of sludge on the surface of the secondary sedimentation tank, sludge poisoning; sludge expansion Insufficient discharge of sludge, MLSS is too high
Dual-sedimentation tank accumulation of sludge, denitrification or corruption occurs Sludge re-strengthening
see Swelling countermeasures
Increase the amount of sludge discharge
Turbid effluent Load is too low Sludge cohesion is poor, sludge deflocculation Sludge poisoning Incomplete decomposition of organic matter Increase the nutrients to stop water intake, sludge rejuvenation Reduce the load
Effluent chromaticity rises Sludge deflocculation, but also the water chromaticity improves the sludge traits
MLSS decline Return pump blockage; sludge swelling or poisoning; sludge A large number of Loss of corresponding countermeasures
Sludge ash is too high Poor operation of primary sedimentation tank and sedimentation tank; too much sediment or salt in the influent water Improvement of the operation of primary sedimentation tank and sand sedimentation tank
Low DO in the aeration tank High inlet water load; too much inorganic reducing substances Reduction of the load
Elevation of BOD or COD in effluent Water Sludge poisoning, too thick influent water, too many inorganic reducing substances in the influent water Corresponding countermeasures