Comparison between shenzhou spaceship and Soyuz TM spacecraft
project
Soyuz TM spacecraft
Shenzhou Spaceship
Take-off mass (ton)
seven
7.8
Maximum diameter of cockpit (m)
2.2
2.5
Reentry mode
Semiballistic type
Elevator type
Landing point accuracy
A circle with a radius less than 30 kilometers
The theoretical deviation is 15km plus or minus 9km.
Reentry overload peak g
3-4
3.24
Main technical indicators of the first spacecraft of China, the United States and the Soviet Union;
project
Mercury spacecraft
"Oriental" spacecraft
Shenzhou Spaceship
Take-off mass (ton)
About 1.4
About 4.7
7.8
Maximum diameter of cockpit (m)
1.8
2.3
2.5
Reentry mode
Ballistic type
Ballistic type
Elevator type
Power?Supply?
storage battery
storage battery
solar cell
deploy
Cockpit and brake cabin
Reentry module and instrument module
Additional parts, orbital module, return module and propulsion module.
1999165438+21year1October 20th to1October 20th, the flight test of China's first manned spaceflight project "Shenzhou" was a complete success. From the beginning of 2000/kloc-0 to the end of 2002, Shenzhou II-IV unmanned test spacecraft were developed and launched successively, and valuable test data were obtained, which laid a solid foundation for carrying out manned space flight. Shenzhou 5 spacecraft is a 1 manned spacecraft developed on the basis of unmanned spacecraft in China. It has 1 astronaut and runs in orbit 1 day. During the whole flight, we will provide the astronauts with necessary living and working conditions, and send the astronauts' physiological data and TV images to the ground to ensure the astronauts' safe return.
The spacecraft consists of orbital module, return module, propulsion module and additional parts, with a total length of 8860 mm and a total weight of 7840 kg. The manual control function of the spacecraft and the subsystem of environmental control and life support provide a guarantee for the safety of astronauts.
The spacecraft was launched into the initial orbit by the Long March -2F carrier rocket, with a perigee of 200 km, an apogee of 350 km and an inclination of 42.4 degrees. After the orbit change, it entered a 343-kilometer circular orbit. The spacecraft circled the earth 14 times and landed in the predetermined area.
The manned space flight of the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft has realized the aspiration of the people of China to fly for a thousand years, which is a high condensation of the wisdom and spirit of the Chinese nation and a new milestone in China's space industry in the new century.
No.6
(2005-09-05 10:58:58)
Liu, the chief designer of the Shenzhou VI launch rocket, said in an interview with this reporter that the production and manufacturing of various systems of the Long March II F launch vehicle responsible for launching the Shenzhou VI spacecraft has been fully launched. So far, the production of launching rockets has been progressing steadily as planned.
According to Liu, all the equipment of the rocket system will be "completed" by the end of this year, and comprehensive tests and matching tests of all systems will be carried out early next year. If the work goes smoothly, the rocket system for launching Shenzhou VI will leave the factory in June and July next year.
Liu, the chief designer of Shenzhou VI carrier rocket, accepted an exclusive interview with this newspaper to explain the rocket system in detail.
Following the success of the first manned flight of China's Shenzhou 5, the space project of Shenzhou VI has been fully launched. In order to push China people's dream of flying to a new height, preparations for the launch of Shenzhou VI have been fully launched. As the "helper" of the spacecraft, the "Long March II F" carrier rocket will once again shoulder the heavy responsibility of sending "Shenzhou VI" into the scheduled orbit. Although the power carriers of Shenzhou V and Shenzhou VI spacecraft are the same type of rockets, the rocket system for launching Shenzhou VI is "another article". Yesterday, Liu, the chief designer of the rocket system, accepted an exclusive interview with our reporter and explained the focus of Shenzhou VI rocket in detail.
Focus 1 The rocket was fully equipped by the end of the year.
Liu, the chief designer of the rocket system responsible for the launch of Shenzhou VI, revealed to reporters the timetable for the preparation of the rocket system for the launch of Shenzhou VI. According to Liu, by the end of 2004, all the equipment of the rocket system should be delivered on schedule, and all the instruments should be equipped to prepare for the comprehensive test of the rocket system early next year. Liu said that in the comprehensive test stage, every part of the rocket should be tested in its own laboratory to ensure that the rocket as a whole meets the standard. After passing the test, each system will "join hands" to carry out matching experiments.
Focus 2: The rocket emergency capability is in the limit calculation.
The "limit analysis" of launch vehicle is a series of major changes aimed at Shenzhou VI spacecraft. Liu said: "First of all, because Shenzhou VI will fly for many people and days, the increase in personnel and days will bring about the increase in the quality of food and survival equipment, which requires the rocket's carrying capacity to be improved. For example, Shenzhou 5's original mass of seven or eight tons may become more than eight tons. Secondly, if there is more than one astronaut, problems during the flight will directly affect the escape ability, which will challenge the rocket's emergency ability in an emergency. " Liu said that in view of the above two points, he is currently coordinating with the spacecraft system to calculate the rocket limit. It is understood that such "limit analysis" has been done for several rounds.
Focus 3 The dynamic characteristics of the rocket will be adjusted with the change of load.
The rocket carries a spaceship to form a "big spring" system. Liu said: "From the dynamic analysis, the spacecraft will interact with the rocket. Because the payload on Shenzhou VI orbital module will be changed from multiple devices on Shenzhou V to one or two devices, the change of spacecraft mass will inevitably affect the dynamic characteristics of the whole rocket. The current work involves the corresponding dynamic characteristics of rockets and spacecraft. "
Focus 4 launch safety ground launch system will be "physical examination"
In order to ensure the launch of Shenzhou VI, the maintenance of ground equipment at the launch base will be further strengthened. According to Liu, this will be the most comprehensive "physical examination" in the history of the ground launch system because of the long interval between the two launches, compared with the maintenance work when the launch site undertook the launch mission in the past. Liu stressed that the maintenance work should be done in every detail, every plug should be checked, and every wire should be "touched from beginning to end" to see if there is any possibility of disconnection. In addition, Liu said that the analysis of the telemetry data of Shenzhou V has been completed, and the imperfections in the whole launch process of Shenzhou V, such as the inconvenience of some equipment, will be improved before the launch of Shenzhou VI.
Focus 5: Carrying safety and manned reliability are as high as 97%
"This reliability value is also very high internationally." In an interview, Liu pointed out that "Long March II F" belongs to the "Golden Rocket" family of the Long March series, but its biggest feature is that it is specially used for carrying people. Liu said: "At present, rockets from only two countries in the world can send people into space, China's Long March 2 F and Russian Soyuz. The reliability of ordinary rockets is 9 1% to 93%, and the reliability of manned' Long March II F' rockets is 97%.
No. 7
On September 22nd, Cui Jijun, the chief commander of the launch site system of China's manned spaceflight project, said in an interview: "Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is making final preparations for the launch of Shenzhou VII spacecraft, and has the confidence and ability to successfully complete the launch mission." Xinhua News Agency (photo by Qin Xian 'an)
On September 25th, CCTV reported that Commander Zero: Now prepare for 7 hours, and then start to power up.
Bai: It's negative for seven hours. Only now do we see the accusation hall, and there will be a relatively concentrated flow of people. In fact, the more intensive preparation before launch is about MINUS 4.5 hours, and the workload density of each type of work has obviously become very high.
Finally, what is the astronaut's schedule today? Compared with the launch of Shenzhou 5 and Shenzhou VI at 9: 00 a.m., the astronauts of Shenzhou VII are much happier and can sleep naturally. Yang Liwei got up at two o'clock this morning, and the countdown is still six hours, about 18: 15, and three astronauts will enter the cabin one after another.
Moderator: The astronauts will enter the cabin around 18: 15. Just now I mentioned that the countdown is minus 4.5 hours. Maybe all the systems are busy. If you connect again, the accusation hall will be busy, too?
Bai: It must be. In fact, from the time of negative 4.5 hours, except for the main leaders, all the positions behind were occupied. At the time point just mentioned, we take 9: 10 as the launch time. Yesterday's press conference clearly stated that the timing was 2 1: 07-22: 27. If everything is normal, it is likely to be 9: 00 10, but it must be scientific at any time, and it is also possible to make fine adjustments.
Moderator: We are all looking forward to the most important moment of 2 1: 07-22: 27 launch. Yesterday afternoon, the astronauts who carried out manned flight met with Chinese and foreign journalists in the Temple of Heaven. They are Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng. Earlier this month, before the Shenzhou VII astronauts were completely isolated, our CCTV reporter interviewed three astronauts face to face.