One, medical ethics
Medical ethics refers to the medical practitioners should have the medical morality and ethos. It belongs to the category of medical ethics. Doctors as a special profession, the face is thinking, feeling human beings. Practicing physicians bear the mission of maintaining and promoting human health, which is related to human health interests and life, and human health and life is the most valuable of all things in the world. Therefore, practicing physicians in professional activities, not only in the medical technology to gradually achieve excellence, but also in the face of a patient also need to have a kind language, kindly attitude, a high sense of responsibility and noble medical ethics, only in this way can they become both moral and medical talents and take up the "saving lives, treating the sick and saving people" honorable mission, "to save lives," and "to save people. Only in this way can he become a medical talent with moral competence and take up the honorable mission of "saving lives, curing diseases and saving people", and also become a doctor who is loved by the people. Mianyang City People's Hospital, Department of Urology, Wang Dingyong
Medical ethics is engaged in the medical profession of people in the health care work should be followed in the behavioral principles and norms of the sum. Therefore, in order to achieve excellent medical ethics, practicing physicians must receive medical ethics education and self-moral cultivation, and are required to:
(1) Improve their knowledge and understanding of the basic principles of medical ethics, namely, the principle of non-injury, the principle of favor, the principle of respect, and the principle of fairness, and use these basic principles to guide their own professional activities; and, at the same time, improve their sensitivity to ethical issues and the use of these basic principles in the practice of health care. At the same time, they should increase their sensitivity to ethical issues in health care practice and apply the above basic principles to analyze and solve ethical issues, so as to unify medical technology and medical ethics.
(2) To conscientiously fulfill the following code of medical ethics formulated by the Ministry of Health
1. To save lives and help the sick and injured, and to practice socialist humanitarianism. Always think of the patient and do everything possible to relieve the patient's pain and suffering.
2. Respect the personality and rights of patients and treat them equally regardless of ethnicity, gender, occupation, status and property status.
3. Civilized and courteous service. Demeanor, language, civilized, kind, sympathetic, caring and considerate of patients.
4. Integrity. Consciously abide by the law, do not use medicine for personal gain.
5. Keeping medical secrets for patients and practicing protective medicine. Do not disclose the patient's privacy and secrets.
6. Mutual learning and respect, solidarity and cooperation. Correctly handle the relationship between peers and colleagues.
7. Rigorous and realistic, enterprising. Drill medical skills, strive for excellence. Continuously update knowledge, improve technical level.
(3) In the course of their practice, they shall constantly improve their consciousness and sense of responsibility in fulfilling the basic principles and norms of medical ethics mentioned above, and shall gradually form good beliefs in medical ethics and develop good medical ethical behaviors, habits and customs.
(4) With the progress of biomedicine and the rapid development of high technology in medicine, fields that were not involved in medicine in the past have now become the stage for the activities of medical personnel, and people can now manipulate genes, sperm, eggs, fertilized eggs, embryos, the human brain, the human body, and control human behavior. How can this increased power, which can be used correctly or abused, be controlled? And the effects of this power can involve this generation, the next, and generations to come, and what about conflicts between the interests of this generation and the interests of future generations? ...... A number of medical ethical dilemmas have arisen, and these dilemmas, if left unresolved, could affect the further development of medicine or its progress in a healthy direction. Therefore, practicing physicians should combine their own specialties to enhance their sensitivity to the medical ethical dilemmas that arise in their own specialties, and then go on to analyze and study the solutions in order to safeguard or promote the development of medical science.
Two, communication ability
Communication here refers to interpersonal communication, and interpersonal communication refers to the full range of information exchange between people in order to achieve the process of interpersonal establishment of **** knowledge, sharing of interests and development of interpersonal relationships. In their professional activities, practicing physicians communicate with other medical staff, hospital administrators, hospital logistics staff, and especially with patients and their families. The focus here is on physician-patient communication.
Patient-doctor communication enables better understanding of both patients and doctors, which is conducive to diagnosis and treatment, care, and thus improve the quality of medical care and service level as well as promote the recovery of patients. At the same time, due to the progress of medical technology, a large number of diagnostic and therapeutic equipment intervention to make the doctor's diagnosis, treatment is more and more effective, however, the doctor's dependence on these devices is also gradually increased, so that due to the emergence of a tangible medical machine or equipment between the doctor and patient, resulting in a reduction in the exchange of ideas between the doctor and patient, the feelings of each other are easy to be indifferent to the relationship between doctor and patient to a certain degree is objectified, and the doctor's attention is only disease. The doctor only focuses on the disease. Therefore, doctor-patient communication can make up for the above defects. It can also eliminate the misunderstanding between the two sides, reduce the tension in the doctor-patient relationship as well as reduce the contradiction or dispute between the doctor and the patient, which in turn is conducive to the establishment of a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.
Based on the different carriers of information, doctor-patient communication is divided into two forms of verbal communication and non-verbal communication. The former is based on language and text, and is divided into oral and written communication; the latter is through certain media and specific behavior, and is divided into body language and behavioral communication.
In the doctor-patient communication, in addition to the requirements of the two sides to be established on the basis of equality, respect, honesty and mutual trust, but also requires the practitioner to do:
(a) in the verbal communication, the practitioner should use scientific, popular and easy to understand the patient's language; the use of kind, warm, polite language. At the same time, for those who have doubts in the diagnosis and treatment of patients using explanatory language for those due to the disease, often have uneasiness, anxiety, irritability, worry and other adverse psychological factors of patients using comforting language, so that it can be relieved to cooperate with the treatment; for those who are hospitalized for a long period of time, the treatment effect is not significant, and anxious, lack of confidence in the patient, to use the encouraging language, so that it can set up to overcome the disease confidence, etc.; for those who have critical conditions, and poor prognosis of the patient, to be used to encourage the patients, and to make the patient to establish the confidence to overcome the disease. For patients with critical conditions and poor prognosis, protective language should be used. When communicating with patients, practitioners should avoid using simple, hard, vulgar, ambiguous language and medical terms that are difficult for patients to understand. At the same time, the practitioner should also be good at focusing attention and patiently listen to the patient, do not be distracted in communication or easily interrupt the patient's speech, and in the patient's emotions, language, realize that their own faults, but also be able to keep silent, reasonable and do not argue with the patient.
(2) In non-verbal communication, the practitioner on the one hand should be good at observing the patient's non-verbal information and eliminate the patient's concerns and encourage him to express them in words, in order to more accurately understand the patient's true thoughts; on the other hand, the practitioner should also pay attention to their own instrumentation, grooming, gestures, gestures, eyes, emotions, voice, etc., on the impact on the patient, i.e., through the word of the patient's care and care, so that patients enhance the patient's ability to understand and understand the patient's feelings, and to understand the patient's feelings. On the other hand, the practitioner should also pay attention to the influence of his or her appearance, gestures, gestures, eyes, emotions, voice, etc. on the patient, i.e., through the silent language to convey the patient's care and concern, so that the patient to enhance the confidence and strength to overcome the disease, and not to cause misunderstandings and make the patient suspicious, and even pessimism.
In short, the licensed physician to strengthen the communication between doctors and patients, and constantly improve the communication ability and communication effect, which is also an important part of the professional quality and requirements.
Three, humanistic care
Medicine originated from the need to care for others, human caring, it has a natural and inseparable link with the humanities. China's ancient saying "medicine is a kind of art", honor doctors as "love and benevolence". The above shows that humanistic care is the essential feature of medicine and the core concept of medicine.
For a long time, medical personnel by the domination of biomedical model, coupled with the refinement of clinical medicine and the formation of a doctor just to face a system or even an organ of the situation and the rapid development of medical technology, resulting in the growth of technological supremacy, as well as the market leads to the pursuit of greater economic benefits of the medical and health care institutions as a potential driving force of the service, which weakened the medical personnel humanistic care for patients. Therefore, it is necessary for practicing physicians to reshape and enhance the quality of humanism, raise the banner of humanism, and actively carry out humanistic care to make medicine develop along a healthy direction.
Practicing physicians to implement humanistic care for patients, should be able to:
(a) have a certain quality of medical humanism, on the basis of which gradually cultivate the concept of medical humanism and carry out the practice of medical humanism - the practice of medical humanistic care. To this end, practicing physicians should study and enrich their own medical humanities knowledge, such as medicine and philosophy, medical ethics, medical psychology, medical sociology, history of medicine, medical aesthetics, health law and other medical and humanities intertwined, combined and united disciplines, in order to improve the quality of their medical humanities.
(2) The concept of medical humanism should be established, that is, reverence for patients' health and right to life, care for the value of patients' lives, and respect for patients' personality and dignity. The autonomy of the patient is maintained.
(3) To carry out the practice of medical humanism i.e. the practice of medical humanistic care, which is manifested in:
(1) To change the pure biomedical model and establish a biopsychosocial holistic medical model, i.e., in the medical and health care activities, it is necessary to pay attention to the patient's physical disease as well as to understand and pay attention to the patient's psychological state and social environment. Treating diseases and patients with a holistic view prevents a localized, one-sided view.
(2) In medical and health care service activities, we should be patient-centered, always put the patient's health and life interests in the first place, when the patient's interests need to be subordinate to the interests of the community should also be made to minimize the loss of the patient's interests.
(3) to provide sincere, responsible optimization of services, that is, the practitioner to change the patient's "medical" concept, to carry out sincere, responsible service to the patient; at the same time, in the medical and health care services, the measures taken by the patient in the level of development of medical science and the objective conditions of the pain of the smallest, least costly. Minimum. The best effect and the highest degree of security program.