All tropical fish in my family were sucked on the air pump.
Here are the breeding methods:
Tropical fish is one of the favorite species raised at home. It is not difficult to raise tropical fish, as long as there is suitable temperature, fresh air, clean water, sufficient feed and bright light. Usually, the water temperature of tropical fish should be kept between 2℃ and 3℃, and tropical fish are particularly sensitive to the change of water temperature, and the temperature difference between day and night does not exceed 4℃. Of course, different kinds of tropical fish have different requirements for water temperature, but if the water temperature is too high, fungi in the water will multiply in large numbers, and the fish's metabolism will be too active and it will get sick.
Tropical fish are stricter than goldfish in terms of water quality. Tap water used in cities contains chlorine and bleaching powder, so it should be dried before use, or at least 1/3 of the old water should be kept in the fish tank when changing water. Well water and river water should be boiled, disinfected and cooled before use, and the water quality can also be maintained through biological purification. Tropical fish live in a sunny environment for a long time, so light is very important for tropical fish. Light can promote the photosynthesis of aquatic plants in containers, accelerate the production of oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide, increase the dissolved oxygen and promote the growth of fish. In a sunny room, you can receive about 1-2 hours of light sunlight every day. However, it should not be exposed to strong direct sunlight. If the light is insufficient, it can be supplemented by lights, such as 4-6 watt fluorescent lamps, which can be used for 5-6 hours a day, or electric heating rods can be used to control the water temperature.
The breeding of tropical fish is basically the same as goldfish. Tropical fish have strong digestive ability, so it is generally advisable to feed them once a day, more in summer and less in winter. If you find that the fish has swallowed the bait and spit it out soon, it means that the fish is full and should stop feeding.
It's not complicated to raise tropical fish. As long as you follow the above, you can certainly raise them well.
Necessary equipment for raising tropical fish
(1) Fish tank: it is a place where tropical fish grow and move. A slightly larger rectangular glass fish tank must be used for raising tropical fish.
(2) Suction tube: it is used to suck out the dirt on the bottom of the fish tank when changing water, and it is connected by a soft rubber tube and a glass tube. The length depends on the height of the fish tank. Generally take one meter two to one meter five.
(3) Thermometer: used to measure and adjust the water temperature of the fish tank.
(4) Fishing net: used to catch and transfer tropical fish.
(5) glass lamp barrel: put the bulb into the glass lamp barrel and sink it into the fish tank for heating and lighting. The mouth of the glass lamp barrel must be 1MM above the water surface to prevent fish from jumping in.
(6) Electric heating tube: used to increase the temperature in the fish tank in winter.
(7) air pump: expel carbon dioxide from the fish tank and increase the oxygen content in the water.
(8) filter: filter out the dirt in the fish tank, keep the water clean, and play a dual role in increasing oxygen and purifying the water.
(9) thermostat: used to automatically control the temperature in the fish tank, which can keep the temperature constant for a long time.
(1) food bucket: prevent fish food from floating on the water surface, which is beneficial for fish to prey. It can also prevent fish food from falling into the bottom of the water and drilling into aquatic plants, making the aquatic plants and sand black and ruining the water quality.
(11) decontamination solution: made of plastic board. Used to scrape the dust and oil on the water surface of the fish tank.
guppy is the first choice for tropical fish
guppy is a small tropical ornamental fish, generally 3 to 5 cm in length, petite and exquisite, agile and lively in swimming, and colorful in body color. It is mainly produced in Brazil, Venezuela, Guyana and the West Indies in South America. According to its different characteristics, it can be divided into common guppies, swallowtail guppies, long-tailed guppies, guppies and yellow guppies.
It should be said that among many tropical ornamental fish species, guppy is not a noble fish species, and its price and requirements for the surrounding living environment are not high, but it is deeply loved by people because of its liveliness and beauty. In particular, the male fish is more beautiful, and its green-brown body is mixed with red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue and purple, just like a rainbow in the sky, so it also has a nice name-rainbow fish. At the same time, it is also known as "guppy" because it has several small blue round spots on its abdomen, and there are light-colored wheel rings around the round spots, much like the eye spots on the proud as a peacock.
Some fish buyers told reporters that the popularity of guppy is largely due to its gentle and lively temperament, which will not fight with other fish and is suitable for mixed culture with some non-aggressive fish. Moreover, it has little selectivity to food, and egg yolk, steamed bread residue and so on can be fed, but it is best to feed live bait such as fish worms and nematodes when raising artificially; At the same time, it has low requirements for water quality and water temperature, and is very easy to raise and survive.
Generally, purebred guppies are larger, with large and stretched caudal fins and dorsal fins, which are purer in color, more distinctive in characteristics and higher in price, because their strains range from 1 yuan to 5 yuan. On the other hand, hybrids or degenerated species are cheaper, and generally they can be bought for only a few dollars per pair. However, it is more economical for people who have just raised tropical fish to buy hybrid and degenerated species, because they can accumulate a lot of experience in fish farming.
in addition, it's best to determine whether you buy fish for viewing or breeding. If it is just for viewing, you can choose individuals with bright colors, long tail fins and normal development of each fin; If it is to cultivate good guppies, it is best to choose young and energetic guppies, because fully mature guppies are not suitable for breeding, although their tail fins are large and their patterns are gorgeous.
Generally speaking, the principle of selecting guppies is not much different from that of purchasing other fish, except that there is no abnormality on the body surface, no wound, no damage to the fins, no contraction of each fin, no growth such as white hair and white spots, a desire to eat, quick response, and it is best to choose individuals who are not injured or killed in the whole tank. However, a key point in purchasing guppies is to choose males with large individuals, large tail fins, stretching and lively swimming. Generally buy guppies that are two or three months old.
in addition, don't forget to buy an aquarium while shopping for guppies. The aquarium for keeping guppies is best not to be too big. Generally, it is suitable to be 6 cm long, 3 cm wide and 4 cm high, and you must pay attention to testing the water before buying to ensure that it does not leak.
after selecting guppies, the next issue is the bait. Peacock fish does not have high requirements for bait, and generally can use Daphnia, earthworm or compound pellet feed.
when everything is properly selected, it is time to cultivate guppies.
the "forbidden zone" where tropical fish are first raised
After getting used to the new environment, the newly bought fish can start feeding. Generally, after the fish is put in the water tank for half a day, if it is found that the fish begins to peck at the sand laid on the tank wall or bottom, it means that it can start feeding. Some fish refuse to eat when changing the environment, so they should be fed with the feed they like, and they can be fed with artificial feed and domestic feed in a balanced way. Pay attention to the weight, and avoid the leftover residue, because the residue will corrupt and destroy the water quality.
There are several reasons that lead to the illness and death of tropical fish:
1. The water temperature changes violently-the best temperature for tropical fish to survive is 25℃, but there are differences in temperature requirements among different species, some of which are as high as 3℃, and some prefer 2℃. Therefore, on average, 25℃ is a generally acceptable temperature. In addition, it is necessary to avoid the sharp change of water temperature, which is generally allowed to change to 2 degrees.
2. The stocking density is too high-many people see that the aquarium can put many lovely fish in a fish tank, so they also keep many fish in the fish tank at home. No matter what kind of fish is raised, it will die. If we raise many different kinds of fish, we must consider the suitable space for each kind of fish to reduce the number of fish. No matter what kind, it is not a good thing to have many small fish in a jar. The principle of raising tropical fish is very similar to that of goldfish, which requires a wide water surface and a normal proportion with the number of tropical fish to ensure adequate oxygen supply.
3. Types of feed-The feeding habits of tropical fish vary from species to species, which can be roughly divided into three categories: animal, plant and omnivorous. Therefore, we must know what kind of fish are in the tank, what kind of food they like to eat, and how to raise them by classification.
4. Diseases-There are many reasons for tropical fish to get sick, including being infected by sick fish bought, white spot caused by too low temperature, and deterioration of water quality caused by residual food or decomposition of fish manure.
Newly-purchased tropical fish often carry germs or parasites, because the illness is mild, and there are no obvious symptoms, so it is not easy to detect when buying. If you put it directly into the fish tank without drug treatment, it will take 2-3 days, and it will take 1 to 2 weeks to get sick, or even cause death. Even if the newly purchased tropical fish is healthy, it will sometimes cause injury and bacterial infection through catching and transportation. Therefore, it is very important to prevent and disinfect the newly purchased tropical fish.
There are two kinds of commonly used drugs for disease prevention and disinfection. The first one is salt, which is safe, effective and convenient in source. Add 1-3g to every 1kg of water to prepare 1-3% saline water, and disinfect for about 5-2min. The soaking time depends on the water temperature, which can kill most germs and parasites.
the second kind is potassium permanganate, which can be directly added to the fish tank. The drug concentration is .3g potassium permanganate for 1kg water. It is inconvenient to weigh .3 grams of potassium permanganate. Therefore, firstly, 1 gram of potassium permanganate is weighed and fully dissolved in 1 kilogram of water, that is, a liquid medicine with one thousandth concentration is prepared and stored in a Coca-Cola bottle for later use. Then, 3 ml of potassium permanganate liquid medicine is sucked by a straw or syringe and added to 1 kilograms of water, and the water is changed 24 hours after taking the medicine. However, it should be noted that for small tropical fish. Potassium permanganate is highly toxic, so we should pay attention to observing the activity state of tropical fish after taking the medicine, and immediately rescue them if there is any abnormality, that is, change a lot of water or fish them out.
the accumulation of organic matter such as residual bait and excrement in fish tanks will cause the deterioration of water quality. There are two forms of organic matter in water. One is undissolved granular solid organic matter, and the other is dissolved organic matter in water. Dissolved organic matter will be decomposed by bacteria into toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. If there are enough beneficial bacteria (such as nitrifying bacteria) in the water, the toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite will be decomposed into non-toxic substances (nitrate). Therefore, water purification has two purposes: ① filtering out undissolved solid organic matter; ② Cultivate enough nitrifying bacteria to decompose toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water.
There are two specific treatment methods:
The first method uses water treatment circulating equipment. Large and medium-sized fish tanks use circulating filtration equipment, and small fish tanks can use biochemical cotton. There are many kinds of commercial water treatment circulating filtration equipment, such as built-in and external, and they can also be manufactured by themselves. The general structure consists of three parts. ① Cylindrical shell made of stainless steel or plastic; ② Filter cotton, quartz sand, plastic biochemical balls or biochemical ceramic rings are placed in the cylinder; ③ Small water pump and pipeline. The function of filter cotton and quartz sand is to intercept large particles of organic matter in water, so it often needs to be cleaned.
biochemical balls and ceramic rings are used as carriers for cultivating beneficial bacteria. In professional terms, they are used to cultivate biofilm, mainly to cultivate enough beneficial bacteria to decompose toxic ammonia nitrogen and nitrite into nontoxic nitrate.
a small fish tank can be equipped with 1-2 biochemical cotton and an air pump. Biochemical cotton has the functions of filtering solid organic matter and cultivating bacteria.
second, adding beneficial bacteria regularly. There are many kinds of beneficial bacteria, such as photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and Bacillus. Most of the products sold in the market are compound bacteria. For example, a Japanese product called EM consists of more than 8 kinds of bacteria in four categories.
Some people have done experiments and added beneficial bacteria regularly. The water in the fish tank can be kept unchanged for one year.
Some necessary conditions for breeding tropical fish
1. Water
1. Water quality
All water in nature contains more or less different chemical components, some of which will directly affect the growth and survival of fish, and tropical fish have higher requirements for water. Tap water, river water, well water and lake water can all be used to directly raise goldfish, but they cannot be used to directly raise tropical fish, otherwise the fish will get sick and even die.
The so-called water quality mainly refers to the hardness and pH of water.
the hardness of water depends on the content of calcium, magnesium and iron salts in water. It is divided into hard water, soft water and neutral well water, and spring water mostly belongs to hard water; Tap water and river water are mostly neutral water; Rain belongs to soft water. Neutral water should be used for breeding tropical fish, but although the pH of tap water in the city basically meets the requirements of tropical fish life, water plants often add some chemical disinfectants and purificants when treating water, so this water often contains ⒘ Kangmurao? Figure 畹 畹 畹 Zheng? Beautiful chimney? Hey? Write? Hey? S: What's wrong with you? Lips? Pancreatic obstacle law? /span> 2~3 days, or dry in a cool and dark place for a week before use.
2. Changing water
Fish need to constantly metabolize and excrete feces in their survival, and the bait they feed is constantly oxidizing and rotting, which will affect the water quality, so it is necessary to change the water in the fish tank frequently and timely to keep the water fresh. Water exchange is divided into partial water exchange and total water exchange. Part of the changed water is also exchanged with water. Water replenishment means that you should replenish as much water as you can get out of the fish tank. It is not necessary to remove fish and aquatic plants from the tank. Generally, the amount of water replenishment should not exceed a quarter of the total water in the fish tank at a time. Pay attention to the water temperature of the newly added water when adding water, and keep it as consistent as possible with the water temperature of the original fish tank. The number of times of adding water is once or twice a week in autumn and winter, and two or three times a week in spring and summer. The specific number of times depends on the turbidity of the water in the fish tank. The number of times can be reduced appropriately if the water quality is clear with good filtration conditions, and increased appropriately if the filtration conditions are poor, but not too frequently, otherwise the fish will get sick.
Second, temperature
Temperature is the most important condition for tropical fish to survive. Without proper water temperature, fish can't survive. Tropical fish have strict requirements on the temperature of water, and tropical fish are also extremely sensitive to the temperature of water.
The water temperature for tropical fish is generally 2~3℃. However, different kinds of tropical fish have different requirements for water temperature. For example, guppies, red swordfish, black Mary and other fish species can endure the water temperature of about 1℃ without dying, while swallowfish and tiger skin fish will die when the water temperature is lower than 18℃. Most tropical fish are very sensitive to the water temperature. If the water temperature changes by 2℃, they will catch a cold. If the water temperature fluctuates up and down for a long time, the fish will suffer from various diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the water temperature as constant as possible. The water temperature should not be too high, and the fungi in the water will multiply too fast and affect the water quality. The normal temperature of most fish is 2~24℃, and the breeding water temperature is 25~28℃. There are two ways to control water temperature, which are natural control and manual control.
natural control is to put the fish tank in a room facing the sun and let it receive sunlight to increase the water temperature. Some water temperature changes in the volume of the fish tank are relatively small. On the contrary, if there is little water in the fish tank, the water temperature changes greatly. If the room conditions permit, it is better to make the fish tank as large as possible.
manually control the water temperature.