Polyamide (PA, Nylon)
Structural formula [NH(CH2)m NHCO(CH2)n-2CO]
Properties Crystalline thermoplastic plastics, with a significant melting point, Nylon6 Tm 220 ~ 230 ℃, Nylon66 is 260 ~ 270 ℃, Nylon6 Tm 220 ~ 230 ℃, Nylon66 is 260 ~ 270 ℃. Nylon itself has a water-absorbent base so there is water absorption, must be dried before molding, the temperature is too high drying nylon particles discoloration
Advantages 1, with high tensile strength
2, toughness, impact resistance is excellent
3, self-wetting, good abrasion resistance, good resistance to pharmaceuticals
4, good low-temperature properties
5, with a self-extinguishing
Weaknesses Nylon moisture absorption, high long-term dimensional accuracy and physical properties
Disadvantages Nylon moisture absorption. High, long-term dimensional precision and physical properties are affected.
Applications Electrical and electronic: connectors, spools, timers, cover circuit breakers, switch housings
Automobiles: cooling fans, door handles, gas caps, air intake grills, water tank covers, light sockets
Industrial parts: chair seats, bicycle frames, ice skates, textile bobbins, pedals, skateboards
Polyester ethyl terephthalate (PET) saturated
Structural structure.
Structural formula
Properties Crystalline thermoplastic, with a significant melting point of 245 ~ 260 ℃, at room temperature has excellent mechanical properties and friction resistance, abrasion properties. However, because of the low Tg, its thermo-mechanical properties are poor, generally add glass fiber to improve heat resistance and mechanical properties, such as FR-PET.
Advantages 1, good dimensional stability
2, excellent mechanical properties
3, small latent degeneration
4, good electrical properties
5, excellent weather resistance
6, resistance to organic melts, oil and weak acids
7, the organic melts, oil and weak acids, Oil and weak acid
7, good gas and water resistance
8, self-extinguishing
Disadvantages 1, mechanical properties of directionality, high mobility
2, slow crystallization
3, drying and processing conditions are strict
Uses Electrical and electronic: disconnectors, rectifiers, spools, hair dryers, spools of lampshades
Automotive: automotive: the disconnectors, rectifiers, spools of wire, blowers, spools of light covers
3, the use of the product, the use of the product, the use of the product, the use of the product, the use of the product
Automotive: electrical components, fenders, brake handles
Industrial parts: cooling fan handles
Saturated polyester butyl terephthalate
Structural formula
Properties Highly crystalline thermoplastic plastics with melting point of 220~230°C and faster crystallization rate than PET.
Advantages 1, stable mechanical properties tensile strength and tensile modulus and nylon are similar
2, low coefficient of friction has a self-lubricating
3, low water absorption
4, excellent electrical properties
5, good dimensional stability
6, excellent resistance to chemicals, oil resistance
Disadvantages 1, Tg (30 ℃) Low, under the load of H.D.T. 60 ℃
2, poor impact strength, generally to fiberglass reinforcement for FR-PBT to use
Use Electrical and electronic appliances: non-fused disconnectors, electromagnetic switches, Chi-return transformer, appliance handles, connectors, housings
Automobiles: Door handles, bumper, distributor tray cover, fenders, wire guards, rim covers
Industrial parts: door handles, bumper, distributor tray cover, fenders, wire guards, rim covers
Automobile: door handles, bumper, distributor tray cover, fender, rim cover
Industrial parts: OA fans, keyboards, fishing reels, parts, lampshades
Polycarbonate (PC)
Structural formula
Properties for the non-crystalline thermoplastic
Advantages 1, with high strength and coefficient of elasticity, high-impact strength, a wide range of operating temperatures
2, high transparency and free dyeing
3, HVAC, HVAC, HVAC, HVAC. p>
3, high H.D.T.
4, good fatigue resistance
5, good weathering
6, excellent electrical characteristics
7, tasteless, odorless, harmless to the human body in line with the health and safety
8, molding shrinkage is low, dimensional stability is good
Disadvantages Poorly designed products are prone to internal stress problems
Uses: Electronic appliances.
Applications Electrical and electronic appliances: CD tablets, switches, home appliance housings, signal canisters, telephones
Automobiles: safety rods, distributor panels, safety glass
Industrial parts: camera bodies, machine housings, safety helmets, diving goggles, safety lenses
Polyacetal (POM)
Structural formula
Properties of the nature of the crystalline thermoplastics, with a clear melting point of 165 degrees Celsius. Plastic, with a significant melting point of 165 ~ 175 ℃, the nature of the closest to the metal, generally referred to as plastic steel
Advantages 1, with high mechanical strength and rigidity
2, the highest fatigue strength
3, environmental resistance, resistance to organic solvents is good
4, resistance to repetitive impact
5, a wide range of operating temperatures (-40 ℃ ~ 120 ℃)
5, a wide range of temperature (-40 ℃ to 120 ℃)
5, a variety of applications, including 120℃)
6, good electrical properties
7, good recovery
8, self-lubricating, good abrasion resistance
9, excellent dimensional stability
Disadvantages 1, the processing process is susceptible to thermal decomposition at high temperatures for long periods of time
2, no self-extinguishing
3, poor acid resistance
4, molding shrinkage
Use Electronic appliances: washing machines, juice machine parts, timer components
Automobiles: handlebar parts, power window parts
Industrial parts: mechanical parts, gears, handles, toys, screws
Modified polyphenylene oxide resin ( MPPO )
Structural formula
Properties are PPO and HIPS are blended to form a compound, sold by GE under the trade name of Noryl
Advantages 1, good processing stability
2, excellent mechanical properties
3, high heat resistance
4, self-extinguishing
5, good water resistance
6, good electrical characteristics
7, low molding shrinkage
7, low molding shrinkage
7, low molding shrinkage
8, low molding shrinkage
9, low molding shrinkage
9, low molding shrinkage
10, low molding shrinkage
Disadvantages Poor chemical resistance
Uses Electrical and electronic: connectors, switches, timer housings, spool breakers, cameras, rectifier housings
Automobiles: instrument panels, mirrors housings, rim covers, rear windshields
Industrial parts: machine housings, motor covers, water meters, etc.
Liquid Crystal Polyester (LCP )
Structural formula
Properties Semi-aromatic polyester, high strength, high elasticity, low linear expansion
Advantages 1, high fluidity
2, good dimensional stability
3, excellent fluidity
4, solvent resistance
5, high mechanical strength
6, flammability
Disadvantages: Poor mechanical properties perpendicular to the flow direction
Uses: 1, couplings, coils, switches, sockets
2, pump parts, valve parts
3, automotive fuel peripheral parts
4, containers for electronic furnaces
Polyamideamide Imide (PAI)
Structural formula
Properties: High Tg point (280~290°C)
Polymers are used in the production of polyamide imide (PAI)
Structural formula
Properties. 280~290℃), straight bond thermoplastic and thermosetting type. Mainly used for engineering plastics molding purposes. Straight bonded non-thermoplastic is used in solution molding for coatings, films, fibers and so on.
Advantages 1, good aging resistance
2, good creep resistance
3, good flame resistance
4, good resistance to oil and chemicals
5, good resistance to radiation
Disadvantages Not easy to mold, and poor separation
Applications 1, sockets, connectors, and switch parts
2, IC Circuit boards
3, photocopiers, electric heater parts
4, automotive exhaust and turbine parts
Poly(cycloethylene terephthalate)
Structural formula
Properties MELTING POINT 250 ℃, crystals, dark yellow color, often added to the application of glass fiber.
Advantages 1, high heat resistance
2, chemical resistance
3, high dimensional stability
4, high mechanical properties
Disadvantages High moisture absorption, dehumidification and drying are required prior to processing
Applications 1, electronic connectors, switches, coil holders
2, automotive relays, connectors
Polyetherketone ( PEEK )
Structural formula
Properties Melt point as high as 334 ° C, Tg point 143 ° C, crystallization rate of up to 48%
Advantages 1, heat resistance, the highest of all engineering plastics
2, electrical properties
3, radioactivity
4, resistance to pharmaceuticals
5, hot water resistance
6, difficult to dry
7, water resistance
8, water resistance
9, water resistance
9, water resistance
6, flame retardant
Disadvantages High crystallization temperature, slow
Uses 1, wire covering
2, clutch parts
3, photocopier parts, high-temperature connectors
4, flexible printed circuit boards
Polyetherimide (PEI)
Structural formula
Polyetherimide (PEI)
Structural formula
Structural formula
Structure
Structure
Structure
Structure
Structure Properties non-crystalline thermoplastic resin, Tg point 217 ℃, heat distortion temperature at 18.6kg/cm2 load of 200 ℃
Advantages 1, high mechanical strength
2, flame retardant
3, superior electrical properties
4, chemical resistance
5, molding and processing characteristics
6, weather resistance
Disadvantages: Halogenated aliphatic such as hypomethyl chloride, trichloroethane, etc.
Applications: 1, automotive chassis, electrical parts, heat exchanger parts
2, various types of fuses, connectors, flexible tubing
3, seat belts, seat trays, seatbelt buckles, engine parts
4, medical instruments
5, printed circuit boards
.Polyethersulfone (PES)
Structural formula
Properties Non-crystalline, the elasticity above 100 ℃ is the highest of all thermoplastic resins
Advantages 1, dimensional stability
2, flame retardant
3, resistance to pharmaceuticals
Disadvantages High humidity absorption
Applications 1, electrical appliances, electronics: potential meter, integrated circuits socket
5, printed circuit boards
Application 1, electrical and electronic: potentiometer, integrated circuit with socket
6, the use of the product is not only the same as that of the product. Electrical, electronic: potentiometers, integrated circuits with sockets
2, medical, food field: X-ray vision mirror, dental machine parts
3, automotive field: Perrin ring
Polyimide ( PI )
Structural formula
Properties Tg point of 410 ° C, 400 ° C in air and helium 450 ° C in the decomposition of the still
Advantages 1, Heat resistance
2, Friction resistance
3, Cracking resistance
4, Radiation resistance
Disadvantages High cost
Uses 1, Multilayer circuit boards, Flex circuit boards
2, Engine insulated wire materials
3, Separation claws for photocopiers, Thermal cut-off gears
4, Missile radars Radome
5, heating drum bearings
Polymersulfide xylene ( PPS )
Structural formula
Properties Non-crystalline, melting point of 285 ℃, Tg 85 ℃
Advantages 1, heat resistance
2, difficult to dissolve
3, drug resistance
4, flame resistance
Disadvantages Easy to produce burrs when forming
Use 1, electrical appliances, electronics: connectors, coil holders
2, industrial supplies: watch cases, washing tools, computers and OA parts
3, automotive field: a variety of sensors, carburetors, electronic control parts
Polymerization of plastics
Structural formulations
Properties Light brown. Transparent amorphous resin, Tg point of 190 ℃
Advantages 1, good mechanical strength
2, high dimensional precision
3, excellent electrical characteristics
4, in line with a variety of sanitary specifications
Disadvantages Forming conditions are not suitable when the residual stress
Uses 1, electrical appliances, electronics: connectors, switches
2, automotive and aerospace components.2. Automotive parts: automotive fuses, special battery cases
3. Precision machine parts: watch cases, internal parts of clocks
4. Medical instruments: suction devices, nebulizers, disinfecting cases for contact lenses
General purpose plastics
Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Benzadiene (ABS) **** polymer
Structural formula
Properties Acrylonitrile - Butadiene - Benzadiene (ABS)
Structure formula
Properties Acrylonitrile provides heat and chemical resistance, butadiene provides toughness and impact resistance, styrene provides stiffness and processability
Advantages 1, hard, easy to extrude
2, easy to dye
3, flammability
4, impact resistance
5, good surface properties
Disadvantages 1, poor solvent resistance
2, low dielectric strength
5, good surface properties
Disadvantages 1, poor solvent resistance
2, low dielectric strength
5, good surface properties
5, good surface properties
Disadvantages
2, low dielectric strength
3, low elongation
Uses Handle, shell, luggage, refrigerator liner, home appliance products
Polyethylene (PE)
Structural formula
Properties LDPE density of 0.910~0.925g/cm3
MDPE density of 0.926~0.940 g/cm3
HDPE density 0.941~0.965g/cm3
Advantages 1, soft, non-toxic
2, easy to dye
3, impact resistance (-40°C~90°C)
4, humidity resistance
5, chemical resistance
Disadvantages 1, not easy to bet
2, high coefficient of thermal expansion
3, not easy to fit
4, poor temperature resistance
Uses Household goods, insulators, hoses, tape, film, containers
Poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)
Structural formula
Properties Non-crystalline polymer, 92% light penetration, thermal denaturation temperature between 74°C~102°C
Advantages 1, high optical transparency
2, good weather resistance
3, good rigidity
4, easy to color
Disadvantages 1, poor chemical resistance
2, long-term temperature up to 93°C
3, should be standing in a concentrated place, easy to be crushed
Uses
4, high hinge characteristics
5, impact resistance
Disadvantages 1, complex shaped extrusion is not easy
2, easy to be decomposed by ultraviolet rays
3, not easy to join
4, easy to oxidize
Uses Water pipes, film, tape, wire shielding materials, containers, car bumper, dashboards, hinges
Polystyrene is used as the main material in the production of polystyrene.
Polystyrene (PS)
Structural formula
Properties Non-crystalline polymer, shrinkage after molding is less than 0.6, low-density characteristics so that the yield is greater than the general material of 20% to 30%
Advantages 1, low cost
2, transparent can be dyed
3, dimensional stability of the characteristics
4, high rigidity
Disadvantages 1, fragmentation
4, easy to oxidize
Advantages 1, fragmentation
5, high rigidity
Disadvantages 1, high fracture2, poor solvent resistance
3, poor temperature resistance
Uses Stationery, toys, electrical appliances shells, Styrofoam tableware
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
Structural
Properties
Not before the addition of plasticizers, PVC is a hard plastic, good resistance to humidity, but it is also ketone, esters, solvents decomposition
This is the first time that a plasticizer is added. Solvent decomposition
Advantages
1, good dimensional stability
2, low cost
3, good weathering
4, add different ratios of plasticizers, can be easily adjusted to the softness and hardness
Disadvantages
1, poor chemical resistance
2, poor temperature resistance
3, density is higher than the general
3, the density is higher than the average of the plastic type. Higher density than general plastics
4, thermal decomposition will produce hydrogen chloride
Uses Sheet, film, containers, artificial leather, flooring materials, shrink film, tubing, toys
Alloy plastics
Composition Characteristics Application Manufacturer
ABS/NYLON heat and chemical resistance, good fluidity, low-temperature impact, low-cost automotive bodywork. Automotive body panels, engine compartment components, connectors, power tool housings Bayer, DSM Engineering
ABS/PVC PVC Increases fire resistance, reduces cost ABS Provides impact resistance Appliance components, service machine components Bayer, Kaneka Corp.
ABS/PC Increases ABS thermal dimensional stability, improves PC low temp. stability, improve PC low temperature, back wall impact resistance, reduce cost Typewriter casing, word processor, computer equipment casing, medical equipment parts and components, small appliances parts and components, electronic equipment parts and components, automotive headlamp frames, taillight covers, food trays Bayer,Daicel Chemical,
DSM Engineering, Dow Chemical,Enichem,GE Plastics,
DDSM Engineering,Dow Chemical,Enichem,GE Plastics, Inc. Chemical,Enichem,GE Plastics,Mitsubishi Eng-Plast.,Knight Technology
ABS/SMA Increase heat resistance, fluidity, good paintability, electronic components, covers, home appliance components
PPO/PS
PPE/PS Improve PPO, PPE processability, reduce moisture absorption, reduce cost, improve PS heat, impact Automotive parts, instrument panels, glove boxes, connectors, wheel covers, air hoods, fuse switch boxes, computer housings, business machine covers, communication equipment cover parts, medical equipment parts GE Plastic, BASF
ABS/Polysulfone PSF provides Heat resistance, chemical resistance, ABS improves PSF processability, reduces cost Appliance oven controls, automotive window cranks, food trays Amoco
PC/PBT PBT improves solvent and weather cracking resistance, PC provides dimensional stability and impact resistance Automotive bumper plates BASF, Enichem,
GE Plastics, Mitsubishi
ABS/Polysulfone PSF provides heat and chemical resistance. Mitsubishi
Eng-Plast.,RTP
PC/PET PET Improves weathering and solvent resistance, UV stability, PC provides good impact resistance Medical devices, hemodialysis parts, automotive parts, automotive fenders, helmets, snowshoes Bayer, GE Plastics,
Mitsubishi Eng-Plast.,
Idemitsu Petro.,
PC/PE The addition of PE reduces the notched impact sensitivity of PCs and increases the impact resistance of thicker walls Insulation components for electronics, electrical appliances, metal substitutes, glass substitutes, instrument covers, structural components
PC/ASA ASA has better weathering, thermal stability and stress cracking resistance than ABS Similar to PC/ABS, needs weathering and thermal stability
PC/PU Good low temperature impact, wear resistance, good stiffness Automotive fenders, windshields, fender panels, sewing machine parts, guide wheels, cable jackets
PC/SMA High HDT, good low temperature impact, low cost, Easy to process Automotive parts, cooking equipment parts, food processing equipment parts, photographic equipment parts
PBT/Elastomer
PET/Elastomer improves impact strength of PBT and PET Automotive parts, bumper plates, fender panels, sports and recreational equipment
PET/PMMA Increases PET crystallization rate
PET/Polysulfone Low shrinkage, good dimensional stability, good chemical resistance Electronic connectors
PPO/PBT Good heat resistance, good dimensional stability, good processability, good surface gloss, chemical resistance Mitsubishi Eng-Plast.
Nylon/Ethylene
Polymer or Elastomer.
Polymer or Elastomer Ethylene Polymer or Elastomer to improve the low temperature impact resistance of Nylon, good barrier properties, used in packaging materials, sports equipment, business machine parts, electronic motor parts, safety devices, automotive parts Dupont
Nylon/PTFE Increase Nylon lubricity, reduce wear Gears LNP, RTP
PPO/NYLON Dimensional stability at high temperature, good chemical resistance, low water absorption Automotive bumper plates Mitsubishi Eng-Plast.,GE Plastics,