Does anyone know where a picture of DNA made up of photos of many people is available?
It is a unit of length, about one hundred thousandth of a hair , scientists strictly defined as: 10 -9 m . Nano has two meanings here: the first is the concept of spatial scale, a nanometer is one thousandth of a micron, about one hundred thousandth of the diameter of a human hair, is a few atoms of the arrangement of the cycle, is half of the diameter of the DNA double-stranded molecules, which suggests that the study of nanoscale atomic and molecular phenomena, the relationship between the structure and function of a comprehensive science and technology; the other meaning is the concept of the way of thinking, that is, human beings, the scientific research, production activities will move to a more advanced level. Scientific research, production activities will be smaller scale, deeper level of development, for example, from the micron level in-depth to the nanometer level; production objects can be smaller and smaller until the nanometer atomic and molecular devices. Second, the meaning of nanoscale space internationally recognized 0.1 ~ 100nm for the nanoscale space. For the convenience of research work, some people regard the size of 0.1 ~ 1 μ m as submicron system, size 1 ~ 100nm is classified as nano-system, the typical size of <1nm for clusters. Nanoscale space involved in the material level, is neither macroscopic nor microscopic relatively independent of the intermediate field, known as mesoscopy (mesoscopy) research field. The meaning of nanotechnology Nanotechnology is a new frontier scientific research field developed rapidly in the early 1990s. Nanotechnology refers to the preparation, research and industrialization of substances at the nanoscale, as well as the use of nanoscale substances for cross-research and industrialization of a comprehensive technology system. The material level involved in nanoscale space is a relatively independent intermediate field that is neither macroscopic nor microscopic, and is called the mesoscopic research field. Nanotechnology is a high-tech discipline that studies the motion laws, characteristics and applications of electrons, atoms and molecules in the space of 1-100 nanometers. The ultimate goal of nanotechnology is to manipulate individual atoms and molecules to construct nanoscale devices or products with certain functions according to human wishes. Obviously nanotechnology is not equal to nanomaterials science, which includes nanobiology, nanoelectronics, nanomechanics, of course, also includes nanomaterials science, is a new field of multidisciplinary cross research. Characteristics of nanotechnology 1, they must have at least one dimension with a scale of 1 nanometer to 100 nanometers. 2, their design process must reflect the design of nanotechnology. 2, their design process must reflect the ability of micro-manipulation, that is, the ability to fundamentally influence the physical and chemical properties of molecular-scale structures. They can be combined to form larger structures with superior electrical, chemical, mechanical and optical properties. V. Nanotechnology Traceability: In the spring of 1905, Albert Einstein (A. Einstein) wrote a letter to his colleague Conlafa Habicht, revealing that he would be doing four tasks during the year, one of which was to measure the true size of molecules. In his doctoral dissertation, submitted on April 30, he devised a new method for measuring the size of molecules, estimating that a sugar molecule has a diameter of about 1 nanometer, linking the nanometer to the size of a molecule for the first time, and proving the existence of molecules. This was one of the great concerns of physics at the beginning of the 20th century. In that doctoral thesis, Einstein devised a way to measure the size of molecules using Avogadro's constant. When Einstein presented the thesis to his supervisor, Prof. Alfred Kleiner of the University of Zurich, the professor refused to accept the thesis because it was too short, and Einstein had to add paragraphs before the thesis was approved. Einstein probably could not have imagined that his doctoral thesis would be a source of nanotechnology developed a century later. Sixth, the development of nanotechnology milestones April 15, 1905: Einstein submitted his doctoral dissertation estimated that the diameter of a sugar molecule is about 1 nanometer. 1959: American physicist Richard Feynman made a presentation entitled "The Bottom Line". Richard Feynman, an American physicist, first predicts the rise of nanotechnology in a lecture titled "There is great potential at the bottom". 1982: The scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is introduced. 1984: The group of German physicist Prof. Dr. H. Grundt succeeds in developing a nanoscale microscope of the same size. Professor H. Grundt's group succeeds in developing ferrous metal powders with dimensions on the nanometer scale, and nanosolid materials are born. 1986: The invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) by Bienig, Rohrer and Luska shared the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physics. 1989: IBM Almaden Research Center scientists Igler, successfully used a scanning tunneling microscope to move neon on the surface of nickel crystals, and rearrange a single original, written by 35 xenon atoms arranged in the three letters of "IBM". 1990: The First Symposium on Nanoscience and Technology was held in the United States, marking the birth of nanoscience and technology, a new discipline that closely integrates microscopic fundamental theoretical research with contemporary high technology. 199l: Sumio Iijima of the Tsukuba Research Institute discovered carbon nanotubes, which are carbon tubes bent from layers of graphite and carbon atoms, with diameters ranging from a few nanometers to dozens of nanometers, and wall thicknesses of only a few nanometers. 1993: The Vacuum Physics Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing succeeds in manipulating atoms to write the words "100" and "China". 1996: Kruto, Smalley and Cole are awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of C60. January 2000: The US launches the National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI). August 2000: Lucent Technologies reports in the British journal Nature that it has created a nanoscale tweezer from DNA. Scientists at Cornell University develop the world's first microscopic medical device that can only be seen through a microscope - a nano-"helicopter" that can enter human cells. June 2001: Researchers at the University of Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory develop the world's first miniature medical device that can only be seen through a microscope. Researchers at the University of Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory create the world's smallest laser, the nanolaser, on a nanowire. July 3, 2001: The 2001 International High-Level Forum on Nanomaterials and Technical Application Symposium opens at the Beijing International Convention Center, and nanotechnology attracts the attention of central leaders. November 2001: Lucent Technologies creates the world's smallest "nanotransistor" from a single organic molecule. December 20, 2001: The U.S. magazine Science announced the world's top ten scientific breakthroughs in 2001, in which the field of nanotechnology has won a number of major achievements, ranking the top. January 2002: Chinese and German scientists collaborated to realize the first self-manipulation of individual biomolecules on the nanoscale, writing "DNA" with DNA chains, which was published on the cover of the first issue of Nano Letters. January 28, 2002: Shanghai Nanotechnology Development Symposium 2002 was held in Shanghai, outlining the future of nanotechnology in Shanghai. Chinese Scientists' Research Results Bai Chunli, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, one of the pioneers of scanning tunneling microscopy in China, and one of the influential and active scientists in international STM, has made outstanding contributions to the study of the surface structure of organic solids and macromolecules by using this new technology, and has been the main promoter of China's nano-science and technology development. Xie Sishen Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Pioneered the research on carbon nanotubes in China and invented the method of directional growth of carbon nanotube arrays. His work on ultra-long carbon nanotubes, published in Nature, was reported by the B.K. Financial Times as the introduction of long carbon nanotubes, creating a "world's longest 3mm", which is 1-2 orders of magnitude longer than existing carbon nanotubes, and was recognized as one of the top ten basic research advances in 1998 in China. One of the top ten advances in basic research in 1998. Lu Ke, Institute of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences, discovered the superplastic ductility of nano-metals, and directly observed for the first time that nano-copper extends more than 50 times at room temperature, which was regarded as a major breakthrough in the field of metal materials and was honored as one of the top ten scientific and technological news in China in 2000. Lide Zhang Institute of Solid State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Developing advanced self-organized synthesis, template synthesis, mesoporous inner-edge growth and other cutting-edge technologies, we have successfully synthesized nano-scale coaxial cables, with inner cores consisting of carbides with a diameter of only 10 nm, which can be used as parts of micromachines and robots, in addition to connectivity for future high-density device integration. Zhongyi Hua Fudan University, Shanghai Pioneer of nanoelectronics in China. In the field of molecular electronics and molecular computers, three mono-organic bistable materials capable of being used to fabricate molecular logic switches have been developed. These materials have extremely fast jump times and conductivity changes of up to 1 million times before and after the action of an electric field, as well as other materials used in the manufacture of polar plates, memories and wires in electronic devices, and these new materials of about 50 nanometers in size are at the forefront of international research. Shoushan Fan, Tsinghua University, was the first in the world to successfully prepare a one-dimensional nanorod of gallium nitride semiconductor emitting blue light with a diameter of 30 to 40 nanometers and a length of 25 micrometers by using carbon nanotubes and the ammonia reaction of the oxide crop. This means that the carbon nanotube spatially confined reaction method can be used to prepare one-dimensional nanostructures of a wider range of materials, and the results of this study were published in Science. This research result was published in Science. It was recognized as one of the top ten science and technology news in 1998. Minqian Li, Shanghai Institute of Atomic nucleus, Chinese Academy of Sciences Since 1987, he has been devoted to the research of scanning probe microscopy (STM/AFM), and in early 1989, he independently developed a localized scanning tunneling microscope (STM), which has reached the international advanced level, and cooperated with the biologists to carry out the application of STM in the study of the structure of DNA, and presided over "The Structure of DNA and DNA-Protein Complexes". He has also cooperated with biologists to develop the application of STM in the study of DNA structure, and presided over the "Scanning Probe Microscopy Study of DNA and DNA-Protein Complexes", which has obtained three international first achievements. He is one of the earliest promoters of nanotechnology in China. Hu Jun, Shanghai Jiaotong University In 1989, he and American scientists independently observed the double helix structure of DNA, which was honored as the first of the top ten scientific and technological discoveries in the United States in that year. During his visit to the U.S., he invented the Scanning Dielectric Power Microscope (SPFM), carried out research on the nano-properties of water, and discovered for the first time the new natural phenomenon of "ice at room temperature", which has been published in Science and other journals. In addition, he has achieved international leading results in the study of nano manipulation of biomolecules.