Disinfection is a well-known problem in every pig farm, but there are many farmers who do not pay attention to disinfection; or do not know how to disinfect, the surface looks disinfected, in fact, did not achieve the purpose of disinfection.
(a) Personnel disinfection:
1, the wrong disinfection method: (1), spraying disinfectant with a sprayer to the field personnel. (2), disinfectant poured on the ground with a foot dip. (3), the most terrible when there is no disinfection measures.
2, the correct method of disinfection: (1) from outside the field into the living area: the gate set up spray disinfection room, ultraviolet light disinfection room, the entry personnel first through the internal iron pipe surrounded by "bow" spray disinfection channel, and then enter the ultraviolet light disinfection room, the middle of the indoor wall is set up with ultraviolet lamps, under the sacks, the sacks with 2% fire Sacks are wetted with 2% soda solution. Disinfection in the ultraviolet disinfection room for 15 minutes, the distance between the ultraviolet lamp and the human body should not exceed 2 meters, otherwise it is ineffective. It is better for the pig buyers to change into the spare rubber shoes and spare working clothes of the farm; (2) Entering the production area from the living area: ①The staff of the farm from the living area to enter the production area should take a bath, change the clothes and rubber shoes, and then pass through the passageway equipped with disinfectant solution of about 20-25 centimeters deep before entering the production area. ② non-field personnel or the field back to the field before entering the production area, at least one night in the living area to isolate, shower, change new living clothes, the next day before entering the production area through the ① way.
3, Summary:
(1) Because bacteria and viruses are animals, drugs into the body need to have a process to kill them. So you spray it with a vaporizer,can you kill it instantly? Of course it can't. Therefore, according to the above correct disinfection method with ultraviolet radiation in 15 minutes can immediately kill the bacteria of the whole body; and can kill the bacteria of the soles of the feet.
(2) There are some pig farms that only disinfect others but not themselves, thinking that it is troublesome to disinfect is the first idea; thinking that there is no infectious disease in the range of their own access is the second idea. These two ideas are wrong, bacteria are everywhere and can not be seen, so do not ignore.
(3) most farms only pay attention to the service personnel do not pay attention to pig vendors: they think that the service personnel is to see the disease of the field to walk which field to walk must be with a lot of bacteria, they do not know that the pig vendors more dangerous than the service personnel, because most of the service personnel is to learn about infectious diseases, bacteria and viruses have a precautionary awareness, and most of the pig vendors do not understand the profession, or even do not think so. According to the survey, most of the spread of foot-and-mouth disease is mainly through pig vendors. Therefore, it should attract the attention of pig farms.
(4) Most of the farms do not pay attention to the diet: the diet mainly refers to the meat, the outside of the raw and cooked meat into the farm, so that some bacteria in the farm growth and reproduction, and infringement of the herd. It is strictly forbidden to bring back raw and cooked meat products of animals such as pigs, cows, sheep, dogs, cats, horses, etc. from outside the farm, and special attention should be paid to the fact that no instant noodles containing the above mentioned meat products should be purchased to enter into the production area as a night snack. Chicken, duck and fish foods may be purchased.
(B) Material disinfection
1, vehicles
The most important is the sale of pigs and purchase of pigs vehicles. In general, the potent infectious diseases of pig farms, in addition to the introduction of seeds and other reasons, to be the sale of pigs and purchase of pigs vehicles.
There are two reasons for this:
(1) Transportation personnel do not take it seriously: they think that infectious diseases do not have much loss for them.
(2) The pig farm's attention is not enough:
A. The quality of the workers is low, or they don't know the importance of disinfection or don't take it seriously.
B, the person in charge of the farm does not think.
2, food
Disinfection of food: a part of the pig farm living area and production area are not separated, and there is no disinfection measures for vegetables, meat and other food.
Mostly pork food: pork food contains a lot of bacteria . Virus. Without high temperature sterilization of pork bacteria can exist for a long time and multiply, but on the other hand: part of the bacteria and viruses do not cause disease to people, but to the pigs to be sick, for example: streptococcus. Furthermore, some bacteria can die inside the human body and then be excreted, thus causing contamination.
3, drugs
Drug disinfection can be said to be no farm to do. Because people simply do not take into account that drugs are also a source of disease.
Why is the drug also a source of infection? Because the place where the drugs are distributed is the pig farm personnel, and is often in and out of the place of the sick pig farm personnel, the drugs are also put in contact with all the people in and out of the place, so there is a certain amount of bacteria exist. If you are not careful, the germs will enter the farm with the drugs. Therefore, the drugs purchased from the pharmacy should be sterilized before entering the farm.
4, medical equipment
Sterilization of medical equipment, there are those who disinfect; there are those who do not. At present, there are many people who don't disinfect medical equipment in pig farms; those who don't disinfect reasonably are countless. A part of bacteria and viruses can be killed only after a period of high temperature, for example, the circovirus can survive for a period of time in the water temperature of 70℃.
The most commonly used medical devices are scalpels and injection needles
(1) needles:
A, the wrong use of a needle to hit a group of pigs; a needle to hit a circle of pigs; a needle to hit a litter of pigs; a needle to hit two pigs. The cause of this error are those who do not understand (or those who do not know); those who are trying to save time. I am not sure that you are not saving time but wasting it, and even planting the root of the trouble. Especially in epidemic prevention, this is done, for example: if you hit the first pig is swine temperature, then your first after all the use of this needle pig its not all planted with swine fever? This means that you are not preventing the disease, but you are actually growing it, so to speak.
B, the correct use of a pig should be a needle, in the use of hands to take the body of the needle, should be used to disinfect the tweezers clip the base.
C. Wrong disinfection: a. Alcohol or other disinfectant soaking. Alcohol can only kill part of the bacteria, and thus it is difficult to kill the virus even if it is soaked for a longer time, so it can not achieve the purpose of disinfection. b. Boiling for a short period of time: boiling for a short period of time is similarly difficult to kill the bacteria and the virus.
D, the correct disinfection method: should be first rinse the needle and then boil (after the water boiled) more than 40 minutes.
(2) Scalpels:Scalpels used for castration are not sterilized and continuous application is also a pathway for the spread of germs, it is recommended to get more scalpels to minimize the spread of germs.
5, feed
Feed should also be sterilized: feed sales points, but also farmers often go to the place, so, is also the presence of germs. If it is not sterilized, the same germs will be brought into the farm, and the disease will start as soon as the opportunity is ripe.
6, buildings and production utensils
Some buildings and production utensils must be disinfected before entering the production area, and these items may also carry a large number of germs. 1 good hygiene
The environmental hygiene of the field is good or bad, and the occurrence of infectious diseases have a certain relationship, if the environmental hygiene is not good, the germs to create a breeding, growth and development of a good environment. Therefore, it is necessary to frequently clean the field of health, to reduce the growth and reproduction of germs of the opportunity.
2 Remove weeds
The field of overgrown places, is the hiding place of rats and mosquitoes and flies, rats and mosquitoes and flies are disease vectors. For example: the main transmitter of B brain is mosquitoes. Erythrocytes are spread by rats and flies. Therefore, thoroughly clean up the weeds in the production area, the farm disease prevention plays a positive role in eliminating mosquitoes and flies and rodents.
3 Clean up garbage and debris
The accumulation of garbage and debris is also conducive to the presence of mosquitoes and flies and rodents. Some pig farms do not clean up the debris in a timely manner after the completion of the building; or usually the garbage and debris piled up, thus providing favorable conditions for mosquitoes and rats to grow and reproduce.
Therefore, it is necessary to clean up the garbage and debris in time, not to mention the feces piled up in the production area.
4 Disinfection of the field
The production field should be disinfected regularly to kill bacteria and viruses in the surrounding environment, and in general the production field should be thoroughly disinfected once a week. Choose 2% of the caustic soda solution for spray disinfection. After a period of time to use iodine preparation; and then a period of time to use 0.05% of peroxyacetic acid.
In short, after selecting several disinfectant drugs, rotate the use of, but not today with the use of caustic soda tomorrow apply peroxyacetic acid the day after the application of iodine disinfectant. If so used up bacteria and viruses on all the disinfectant solution have developed resistance. The result is still not achieve the purpose of disinfection. It should be a drug used for a period of time and then changed to other drugs. The disinfection of pigsties is different from the disinfection of the outside world, because there is no feces in the farm area, but there is a lot of feces, urine, fetus clothes and other residues in the pigsties. And the feces is constantly discharged can not be interrupted, so the complete disinfection of the pigsty is a difficult thing, unless the pig is transferred out of the pigsty
Pigsty disinfection is generally one to two times a week. But at least once.
On the use of disinfectant, some people think that the greater the concentration of the better, so in practice, some people proportion of the concentration, beyond the proportion of the instructions; or some people in order to economize, the proportion of the concentration is less than the concentration of the instructions, which are wrong, we all know that alcohol in 70-75% of the time to have a strong bactericidal efficacy, but instead of the concentration is too high and too low, the bactericidal power of the low or lose the bactericidal effect, so the use of a certain kind of disinfection. Loss of bactericidal effect, so the use of a certain degree of disinfection drugs must be used in accordance with its instructions to use the concentration to use. Sterilization of instruments generally refers to medical devices. Disinfection of medical equipment, before disinfection of medical equipment should be thoroughly rinsed, rinsed clean and then disinfected.
Used injection needles should be flushed out with a syringe to flush out the leftover clogging of drugs, pork, vaccines, etc. inside the needle; the syringe should be loosened from the screw, and the glass cannula and leather cushion should be taken out. Flush out the glass cannulae and skin pads. If the skin pads are not taken out then it will cause deterioration of the skin pads. Scalpels, surgical scissors, surgical forceps, etc. should be wiped off with alcohol to remove the blood on them. Then put all the medical equipment back into the autoclave for sterilization.
Medical instruments are best sterilized by autoclaving. It is also worth mentioning that many people use their hands to touch the sterilized medical equipment directly after sterilization, which is a great mistake. You should put on medical gloves and pick up the sterilized pliers to install the syringe, take out the needle, and put it in the prepared effect of the poisoned instrument tray. In fact, good disinfection of oneself also plays a positive role in ensuring herd health and personal health in pig farms. Most of the personnel do not pay attention to personal disinfection and go to the restaurant without disinfecting themselves after work.
Working clothes should be sterilized regularly. Ensure that work clothes are washed and changed frequently to ensure their health.