Psychosis, also known as mental disorder, is the result of abnormal brain function. Existing instrumentation has not been able to detect destructive changes in the structure of the brain. According to the available information, psychosis is due to a disturbance of the biochemical processes in the patient's brain, some patients have more central nervous mediators, while others lack certain central nervous mediators, or certain body metabolites accumulate in the brain too much. Because the brain function of psychiatric patients is not normal, so these patients appeared to mental activity of obvious abnormalities, such as inexplicable self-talk, crying and laughing, sometimes face the wall or to the air rage, sometimes unkempt, or even naked in front of a large audience ......
Neuropathy is the short form of neurological disorders. As mentioned earlier, the nervous system is an important system within the human body, it coordinates the function of the internal organs of the human body to adapt to the changes in the external environment, playing the role of the "headquarters". Any situation that can damage or destroy the nervous system can cause neurological disorders. For example, head trauma can cause concussion or cerebral contusion; bacterial, fungal and viral infections can cause various types of encephalitis or meningitis; congenital or hereditary diseases can cause children's cerebral developmental delays; hypertension and cerebral arteriosclerosis can cause cerebral hemorrhage and so on.
So, what are the symptoms of common neurological disorders? Headache, dizziness, abnormal sleep, tremor, walking instability, lower gum paralysis, hemiplegia, numbness of the limbs, stroke, coma, urination and defecation can not be controlled by themselves, muscle atrophy, and weakness and so on are the most common manifestations. To summarize, the symptoms can be divided into two categories: one is the irritation symptom, which manifests as pain and numbness; the other is the destruction symptom, which manifests as paralysis. Of course, some neurological patients can also show a certain degree of insanity, but this insanity is different from that of psychiatric patients, and the doctor can distinguish the two according to the symptoms, examination, and various laboratory tests.
This shows that neuropathy and psychosis are two different kinds of illnesses, with different causes and clinical manifestations, so it is important to make these two concepts clear in daily life. If you meet a psychiatric patient to see a doctor, you should advise him to go to a psychiatric hospital or psychiatric department; while a neurological patient, you should go to a neurological department to see a doctor.
It should be noted that neurasthenia is also completely different from neurosis and psychosis, and should not be confused.
The difference between neurosis, neurosis and psychosis
In daily life, people often use the word "neurosis" in jokes or scolding, in fact, people want to express the content of the main "psychosis" aspect. The meaning of the word "mental illness" is mainly what people want to express in their hearts. The general public is not very clear about the relationship between neurosis, neurosis and mental illness, and sometimes they even think that they are the same thing. In fact, the three concepts are very different.
(1) Neuropathy. Neuropathy refers to organic diseases occurring in the nervous system. According to the location and function of the nerves, the nervous system can be divided into the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. According to the different objects innervated by the nerves, the nervous system can also be divided into somatic nerves and visceral nerves. Neuropathy refers to the central and peripheral nerves or visceral nerves and somatic nerves show anatomical pathological features, and its main feature is that the nerves have organic lesions.
(2) Neurosis. Neurosis, also known as neurosis, psychosis or psychoneurosis, is a general term for a group of mild psychological disorders. Neurosis is caused by psychological factors, the main basically are subjective sensory aspects of the bad, there is no corresponding organic damage. The performance of the person concerned in general social adaptability to remain normal or little effect; have good self-awareness, to their own discomfort have full feeling, generally can take the initiative to seek treatment.
(3) Psychosis. Psychosis refers to serious psychological disorders, the patient's cognition, emotion, will, action behavior and other psychological activities can appear lasting obvious abnormalities; can not be normal learning, work, life,; action behavior is difficult to be understood by the general public, appear odd, different; in the morbid psychological domination, suicide or attack, injury to other people's action behavior; there are varying degrees of self-knowledge defects, the patient tends to be their own Loss of judgment of mental symptoms, think their own psychology and behavior is normal, refused treatment.
Neuropathy and psychosis
The terms neuropathy and psychosis are essentially universal and mean the same thing in folk language. But in medical language there is a clear distinction between the two.
The so-called mental is a general term for all aspects of a person's senses, perceptions, memory, associations, and emotions. When there is something wrong with the mental aspect, it is manifested in the incongruity between mental activities and the surrounding environment, i.e., the patient's own what he sees and hears, what he thinks in his heart, and the changes in his feelings are very different from those of a normal person. For example, a room of people well, he had to say that came in a big tiger, on the ground turned around three times and went out; or was living a normal life, but he was worried for no reason, no heart tea and rice, do not think of work, all day lying in bed.
Because mental activities are all functions of the brain, so in the case of neurological diseases, or other parts of the disease affects the brain, sometimes it will produce certain mental abnormalities, which we call mental symptoms. On the contrary, serious abnormalities in the mental aspect when no specific problem is found in the brain is called psychosis.
The relationship between the two is summarized in layman's terms: a person with abnormal mental performance, if a doctor's objective examination reveals a lesion, it is a psychiatric symptom that can be treated directly for the original disease; if no lesion is found, it is probably a psychiatric disease that needs to be treated by a psychiatrist.
In clinical work, can often be found, due to the lack of recognition of the early pathological thinking and behavioral changes in some mental patients, resulting in delayed treatment, leading to the occurrence of patients with murder, arson and suicide and other malignant events, to the community, the family and the patient himself caused a serious impact. In fact, the early onset of mental illness has more thinking and behavioral abnormal changes, but they are often atypical, and for people to ignore. If you find that a person's mental activity is not in harmony with the surrounding environment; the integrity of the process of mental activity or behavioral coordination is destroyed; emotional and personality traits of instability, you should be alerted to whether he or she is suffering from mental illness. In family life, encountering the following situations may indicate early symptoms of mental illness:
Sleep disorders: often manifested as difficulty in falling asleep or inability to sleep, day and night reversal. Insomnia in psychiatric patients is different from insomnia in normal people. Insomnia in psychiatric patients has no obvious cause, no painful experience, and never take the initiative to seek medical treatment, often appearing for several days in a row, although they stay up all night, the next day is still without any feeling of fatigue, and some patients even show that they are full of energy.
Memory disorders: memory loss, especially near-memory loss is the main, often lost, just done things to turn around and forget.
Excessive sensitivity and paranoia: the surrounding people's words and actions are particularly sensitive, such as hearing others speak, they suspect that they are talking about themselves, others do things to target themselves; some even catch the wind to catch the shadows, make something out of nothing. This kind of polyglot is different from the normal person's paranoia, although confirmed by the facts and denied, but the patient is still firmly believe that can not be persuaded, the content of the absurdity and nonsense. This pathological thinking is called delusion.
Change of personality: early psychiatric patients may appear personality changes, the original enthusiasm, optimism, social, sociable extroverted personality of the person, gradually become solitary, less talk, indifference, withdrawal, social function gradually decreased, if there is no special reason, should be considered as a result of the morbid state, and never thought of as the general public should be concerned about the problem of the mind.
Judging depression "five key words"
Depression is an emotional disease. Research in China shows that the incidence of affective psychosis is 0.76%. The fact that women are higher than men may be related to the fact that women have a heavier burden of life and face more stressful events (such as pregnancy and childbirth). It is noteworthy that in recent years, the incidence rate of young and middle-aged people has been gradually increasing, which should be more attention.
1, lazy . Depressed people often without any reason, suddenly become tired and lazy, even simple daily life, work, study, homework or do housework difficult to cope with. Usually very hard-working people, suddenly feel that going to work has become a burden and pressure, hard-working students will suddenly feel incompetent to learn, listen to, learn not to go on, the class is listless, and even homework can not be completed properly.
2, stay. Manifested as a reduction in movement after the disease, behavioral insensitivity, slow thinking, difficulty in conceptualization, memory loss, difficulty concentrating, comprehension and brain function significantly reduced.
3, change. Before and after the disease, it is like a different person, the character is obviously changed, the self-perception is very poor, the energy, physical and mental strength is not as good as before, and gradually become silent, do not smile, see people to avoid.
4, worry. The patient is depressed, no confidence, no vigor, no sense of pleasure, depressed mood, all thoughts are disgusted. In addition, the lack of interest in all things outside. Nerd, emaciation, low libido and physical discomfort, all day long nonsense, can not be excluded.
5, anxiety. Thoughtfulness and anxiety, anxiety, at a loss, self-blame and inferiority complex, can be fearful and restless, fidgety and so on.