Income gap: From 1988 to 2007, the income gap between the 10 highest-income groups and the 10 lowest-income groups increased from 7.3 times to 23 times.
1. The comprehensive agricultural production capacity has been significantly enhanced
Before liberation, due to imperialist aggression, the constraints of feudal production relations, excessive taxation and frequent wars, coupled with the reactionary forces of the Kuomintang Due to the destruction of the revolutionary base areas, agriculture in Jiangxi Province gradually declined. The area of ??cultivated land in the province continued to decrease, the output of agricultural products dropped significantly, and the agricultural production capacity was very weak. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, rural areas first carried out land reform and eliminated the feudal system. Later, the socialist collective economy was established, laying the foundation for the development of agriculture. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the reform initiated by the rural household contract responsibility system has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of farmers for production, greatly improved land productivity and labor productivity, and greatly enhanced comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
1. The agricultural economy has grown rapidly in an all-round way
In 1949, the total output value of the province's agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery at current prices was only 990 million yuan, in 1978 it was 4.93 billion yuan, and in 2008 it reached 168.05 billion yuan. yuan, calculated at comparable prices, increased by 12.8 times and 3.9 times respectively compared with 1949 and 1978, with average annual increases of 4.5 and 5.5 respectively. Among them, the output value of planting industry was 69.43 billion yuan, an increase of 7.8 times compared with 1949, with an average annual increase of 3.8; the output value of forestry was 15.08 billion yuan, an increase of 12.9 times, with an average annual increase of 4.6; the output value of animal husbandry was 55.60 billion yuan, an increase of 19.4 times, with an average annual increase 5.2; the fishery output value was 21.16 billion yuan, an increase of 171.8 times, with an average annual increase of 9.1.
2. The output of major agricultural products has increased significantly
Grain production has reached a new level. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, grain production in Jiangxi Province has achieved rapid development. Especially since the reform and opening up, Jiangxi Province has always adhered to the policy of never relaxing grain production and actively developing diversified operations, and has adopted policies to protect cultivated land and improve support and protection of grain production. measures to steadily increase grain production capacity. In 1949, the province's grain output was only 3.877 million tons, and in 1978 it was 11.257 million tons. By 2004, the grain output exceeded 18 million tons. In 2008, the total grain output hit a record high for five consecutive years, reaching 19.581 million tons, which was higher than that in 1949. The annual growth rate is 4.1 times, and the province’s rice area and output rank second in the country.
Major agricultural products have doubled. In 2008, the province's cotton output reached 112,000 tons, an increase of 68.4 times over 1949; oilseed output was 912,000 tons, an increase of 9.4 times, including 516,000 tons of rapeseed, an increase of 17.5 times, and 378,000 tons of peanuts, an increase of 6.3 times; Sugarcane output was 642,000 tons, an increase of 2.6 times; ramie output was 11,000 tons, an increase of 2.4 times; tobacco leaf output was 33,000 tons, an increase of 2.2 times; fruit output was 2.754 million tons, an increase of 263.7 times.
In 2008, the province’s total meat output was 2.616 million tons, an increase of 23.9 times over 1952; poultry and egg production was 398,000 tons, an increase of 20.7 times over 1949; honey was 11,370 tons, an increase over 1949 404.5 times; milk output was 112,000 tons, an increase of 17.1 times over 1975; aquatic product output was 2.046 million tons, an increase of 85 times over 1949.
3. The per capita share of major agricultural products continues to increase
With the improvement of comprehensive agricultural production capacity, the output of agricultural products has doubled, and the per capita share of major agricultural products in the province has continued to increase, which provides social benefits. It provides abundant production and living resources and greatly improves people's material living standards.
In 2008, the per capita possession of grain was 452.78 kilograms, an increase of 53% over 1949; cotton was 2.55 kilograms, an increase of 19.8 times; oil crops were 20.8 kilograms, an increase of 2.1 times; fruits were 62.81 kilograms, an increase of 78.3 times; eggs were 9.26 kilograms, an increase of 5.5 times; water The product volume was 46.67 kilograms, an increase of 24.8 times; the total meat output was 59.68 kilograms, an increase of 6.5 times compared with 1952.
4. High-quality agricultural products are exported in large quantities
With the significant enhancement of Jiangxi Province’s comprehensive agricultural production capacity, Jiangxi Province has become a major production base and exporter of agricultural products such as grain, pigs, and aquatic products. . In recent years, Jiangxi Province has transferred more than 8 billion kilograms of rice from outside the province every year. It is one of the only two provinces in the country that has never stopped exporting grain to other provinces, making a huge contribution to solving the national food problem; every year More than 8 million pigs have been sold to other provinces, making it one of the country's major pig production bases; fresh water products have been sold in large quantities outside the province, with fresh water products sold outside the province in large quantities, and more than 600,000 tons of aquatic products sold outside the province. In 2008, the total export trade volume of agricultural products reached US$520 million, ranking second among export commodities in Jiangxi Province. High-quality agricultural products such as Nanfeng tangerines, Gannan navel oranges, Dazhangshan organic tea, Guangchang white lotus, and Junshan Lake hairy crabs are not only popular in domestic markets such as the southeastern coast, but also in international markets such as the European Union, the United States, and Japan.
5. Forestry construction has achieved remarkable results
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, all parts of the province have conscientiously carried out the construction of key forestry projects, implemented the strategy of large projects driving large development, fully developed mountain resources, and steadily advanced Construction of commercial forestry base. In 2004, Jiangxi Province began to implement the reform of the forestry property rights system, which greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of forest farmers for production and effectively promoted the development of forestry in Jiangxi Province. The forestry industry gradually grew, the ecological situation improved significantly, and the province's forestry construction achieved remarkable results. This has resulted in “double growth” of forest area and stock volume. In 2008, the province's forest coverage rate increased from 36.5 in 1975 to 60.05, ranking second in the country. The province has built 103 national and provincial forest parks, including 41 at the national level; 167 forestry nature reserves, including 8 at the national level. The total area of ??the nature reserves is 15.998 million acres, accounting for 6.39% of the province's land area. The province's forest area reached 131 million acres, an increase of 42.9% over 1975; the standing stock volume was 350 million cubic meters, an increase of 33.3%; the moso bamboo forest area was 12.36 million acres, an increase of 75.3%, and moso bamboo production ranked among the top in the country.
2. The agricultural and rural economic structure has been continuously optimized
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the comprehensive recovery and development of the national economy, the rural industrial structure has also undergone certain changes. However, due to various reasons, the traditional economic structural characteristics of singleness and self-sufficiency left over from history have not been able to change as they should. After the reform and opening up, Jiangxi Province has focused on cultivating advantageous agricultural products and advantageous industrial belts in accordance with the principle of adapting to local conditions and market demand. Not only has it maintained a stable increase in food production capacity, but the agricultural and rural economic structure has also been continuously optimized, and the regional agricultural layout has gradually taken shape.
1. The structure of agricultural production has changed from planting as the main industry to the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery
With the rapid development of livestock and aquaculture, there are structural contradictions in agricultural production in Jiangxi Province Gradually alleviated, the monoculture production pattern has been changed, and a new trend of comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery has emerged. In 2008, the proportions of planting, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery in the total agricultural output value were 41.3, 9.0, 33.1, and 12.6 respectively. Compared with 1949, the proportion of planting dropped by 32.2 percentage points. Animal husbandry and fishery They increased by 19.6 and 12.1 percentage points respectively.
2. The structure of the planting industry has changed from focusing on grain cultivation to the simultaneous development of grain and cash crops
Cotton, oil crops, fruits, vegetables and other cash crops have developed rapidly, with single The grain planting structure has been completely broken, and a new pattern of simultaneous development of grain and cash crops has emerged.
In 2008, the ratio of grain crop output value to economic product output value was adjusted from 69.4:30.6 in 1949 to 51.3:48.7. The proportion of grain crop output value dropped by 18.1 percentage points compared with 1949.
3. The variety structure of agricultural products is developing towards diversification, quality and specialization
The variety structure of agricultural products pays more attention to the development of modern agricultural products with high yield, high quality, efficiency, ecology and specialization. By 2008, the province's coverage rate of improved crop varieties has reached more than 95%, the rate of high-quality products has reached more than 60%, the coverage rate of improved livestock and poultry varieties has reached more than 85%, and the total number of green food, organic food, and green organic food has reached 1,280, among which the total number of green food ranks first Ranked among the top eight in the country, the number of organic food products ranks first in the country for six consecutive years.
In meat production, the proportion of pork dropped from 89.6 in 1952 to 76.4 in 2008, while the proportion of cattle, sheep, and poultry increased from 10.4 in 1952 to 23.6.
In aquatic product production, the proportion of aquaculture production increased from 42.0 in 1949 to 88.1 in 2008, an increase of 46.1 percentage points. Among the aquaculture output, the aquaculture of special aquatic products is expanding day by day. In 2008, the output of special aquatic products accounted for 28.9% of the aquaculture output.
4. The rural employment structure has changed from single agriculture to equal emphasis on agriculture and non-agricultural industries, and equal emphasis on rural and urban employment.
With the rapid development of the rural economy, the level of industrialization and urbanization has changed. With the improvement of the rural labor force and the gradual improvement of the environment for farmers to go out to work, the rural labor force in Jiangxi Province has rapidly transferred to non-agricultural industries and cities, and the employment structure of the rural labor force has undergone profound changes. In 2008, the proportion of rural labor force engaged in the primary industry in the total rural labor force dropped from 90.9 in 1952 to 52.0, a decrease of 38.9 percentage points, while the proportion of rural labor force engaged in non-agricultural industries increased from 9.1 to 48.0, an increase of 38.9 percentage points. 38.9 percentage points. In 2008, the number of rural laborers who left their hometowns and moved to cities in the province was 6.797 million, accounting for 39.9% of the rural labor force.
5. The layout of agricultural production is developing towards the concentration of advantageous production areas and regional production
In the process of strategic adjustment of agricultural structure, all parts of the province focus on giving full play to regional advantages, reasonably guiding and Vigorously cultivate and develop modern high-efficiency agriculture and characteristic high-quality agriculture. The production of major agricultural products has gradually developed in the direction of concentrated and regionalized production in advantageous production areas. The province has built three regions around Poyang Lake, Ganfu Plain, Jitai Plain and northwest Jiangxi. The regional layout of agricultural products such as grains, oranges in the south and pears in the north, dates in the east and peaches in the east, grass-fed livestock and poultry in the central part, and aquatic products around Poyang Lake has made breakthroughs in the construction of a number of high-quality agricultural product production bases with relatively concentrated layout and obvious regional characteristics, such as southern Gansu. Mainly covering the dominant citrus industry belt in Fuzhou, Ji'an, Xinyu and other places, the "one area and two lines" advantageous pig production areas, and the "along the river and around the lake" advantageous waterfowl production areas have formed scale and influence. The gradual formation of distinctive economic zones and industrial belts has effectively promoted the process of agricultural marketization, regionalization and industrialization.
3. The level of agricultural modernization has been significantly improved
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Jiangxi Province has increased financial and material investment in agriculture, vigorously strengthened the construction of agricultural infrastructure, and carried out large-scale farmland water conservancy projects. construction, actively implement comprehensive agricultural development projects, and promote the development of agricultural industrialized operations. The province's agricultural production conditions have been significantly improved, the level of agricultural modernization has been significantly improved, and industrialized operations have entered the track of rapid development.
1. Fiscal investment in supporting agriculture has increased significantly
In order to improve agricultural infrastructure and production conditions and increase the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, governments at all levels have increased their support for agriculture. , provide financial support to agriculture in a planned and focused manner, and fiscal support funds for agriculture have increased significantly. In 1950, the province's fiscal expenditure on agriculture was only 3.33 million yuan. In 1978, it increased to 203 million yuan. In 2008, it reached 14.702 billion yuan, an increase of 4414 times and 71.4 times respectively compared with 1950 and 1978. The annual average was respectively Increment 15.6 and 15.3.
2. Remarkable results have been achieved in farmland water conservancy construction
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, facing the trauma caused by the long-term war and the very weak water conservancy conditions, the provincial party committee and the provincial government focused on preventing and controlling floods, The construction of water conservancy projects and the development of agricultural production were given a very important position, and a large amount of money was invested. Especially after the reform and opening up, the province's investment in farmland infrastructure has increased year by year, and a number of irrigation, flood control, drainage and other engineering facilities have been built, providing a strong service and guarantee system for the development of agriculture and rural economy, greatly enhancing It has improved the ability of agriculture to resist natural disasters and promoted the stable growth of agricultural production. By the end of 2008, the province had built 258,500 water storage projects and 263 large and medium-sized reservoirs. The total storage capacity of water storage projects reached 30.69 billion cubic meters, an increase of 27.6% from 1978. The province's effective irrigation area is 1,841.17 thousand hectares, and its proportion in the cultivated land area has increased from 33 in 1949 to 84.2 in 2008; the area with guaranteed yields due to drought and floods is 1,481.97 thousand hectares, and its proportion in the cultivated land area has increased from 20.3 in 1949 to 67.8 in 2008.
3. The level of agricultural modernization has gradually improved
Since the founding of New China, agricultural mechanization in Jiangxi Province has gradually developed from scratch, and the level of agricultural materials and equipment and modernization has been greatly improved. At present, the comprehensive mechanization level of plowing, planting and harvesting in rice production in the province has reached 42.5, and it has entered the intermediate development stage of agricultural mechanization. It is rapidly changing the traditional working style of the majority of farmers who face the loess and turn their backs to the sky, working at sunrise and resting at dusk. In 2008, the province's total agricultural machinery power increased from 1,900 kilowatts in 1952 to 29,464,300 kilowatts; large and medium-sized tractors increased from 43 units in 1952 to 13,000 units; agricultural drainage and irrigation power machinery increased from 94 units in 1952 to 91.6 Thousands of units. In 2008, the area under mechanical farming reached 2,485.9 thousand hectares, and its proportion in the cultivated land area increased from 0.03 in 1954 to 70. In 1957, the province's rural electricity consumption was only 820,000 kilowatt hours. In 2008, it reached 6.31 billion kilowatt hours. In 1954, the amount of chemical fertilizer applied in the province (converted to pure amount) was only 0.09 tons. In 2008, it reached 1.327 million tons. Agricultural plastic films began to be used to cover crops in the 1980s. After nearly 30 years of development, plastic film covering technology has been widely used in crop production across the province, effectively improving crop output levels.
4. Agricultural industrialization enters the fast lane
In the mid-1990s, with the continuous improvement of agricultural commercialization and marketization, agriculture gradually transformed into a socialized, modernized and market-oriented economy. chemical industry. The Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government have introduced a series of relevant policies and measures to promote agricultural industrialization and the development of leading enterprises. The scale of agricultural industrialization production in the province has continued to expand, and operating efficiency has steadily improved. Various industrial operations represented by leading enterprises have The organization has driven farmers to continuously increase their ability to increase income. The participating farmers have achieved significant results in increasing their income. Their ability to process value-added agricultural products has been continuously improved, and industrialized operations have entered a rapid development track. In 2008, the number of leading enterprises at or above the provincial level in the province increased to 407, and there were 27 leading enterprises at the national level. The total fixed assets of leading enterprises at or above the provincial level (including 27 national key leading enterprises) are 19.1 billion yuan, with annual sales revenue of 105.9 billion yuan and profits of 4.5 billion yuan. There are 18 companies with annual sales revenue exceeding 1 billion yuan, and 205 companies with annual sales revenue exceeding 100 million yuan. Provincial leading enterprises have radiated and driven 4.3 million farmers, and directly driven 3.16 million farmers. Farmers engaged in agricultural operations have increased their income by 7.14 billion yuan, and the average household income has increased by 1,661 yuan. There are 1,842 agricultural product processing enterprises above designated size in the province. A group of leading enterprises have improved their scientific and technological content, improved their processing level, increased their product added value, and expanded their market space through new intensive processing projects. Driven by leading enterprises, the province has basically formed five provincial leading industries of grain, pigs, aquatic products, poultry, and fruits, and five specialty industries of commercial vegetables, tea, Chinese medicinal materials, camellia oleifera, and moso bamboo. A number of regional and local characteristic industries are booming.
4. Rapid advancement of rural industrialization and urbanization
The predecessors of township and village enterprises in Jiangxi Province were rural handicrafts and commune and team enterprises, and their development has gone through a difficult and long process. After the reform and opening up, rural non-agricultural industries with township enterprises as the main body suddenly emerged and developed rapidly, making remarkable achievements. In 1992, the total value of the province's township enterprises exceeded the total agricultural output value for the first time, becoming an important pillar of the rural economy. In 1998, the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government proposed a decision to further accelerate the reform and development of township and village enterprises. By promoting enterprise reform with the property rights system as the core, relying on scientific and technological progress, and vigorously developing rural individual and private operations, the township and village enterprises in Jiangxi Province continued to grow and develop. It has made great contributions to increasing farmers' income, fiscal growth, social stability and improving the province's comprehensive strength. It has become the main force of Jiangxi Province's rural economy and an important pillar of the national economy. In 2008, township and village enterprises achieved operating income of 590.22 billion yuan, an increase of 535.2 times compared with 1978; and achieved added value of 186.05 billion yuan, accounting for 30.6% of the province's GDP. The rapid development of township and village enterprises has absorbed a large number of rural surplus labor jobs. In 2008, the number of employees in township and village enterprises reached 4.17 million, an increase of 4.1 times compared with 1978, accounting for 24.5% of the province's rural labor force. The industrialization of rural areas has also promoted the development of rural tertiary industry. Relying on small towns, township and village enterprises promote each other and develop together, accelerating the process of rural urbanization. In 2008, the province's urbanization level increased from 16.8 in 1978 to 41.4.
5. Farmers’ lives have achieved a great leap
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, especially since the reform and opening up, the implementation of a series of major rural reforms has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm and creativity of farmers and liberated Productivity, the rural economy has achieved sustained, rapid, and healthy development. The income of farmers in Jiangxi Province has doubled, and the quality of life of farmers has significantly improved. The majority of farmers have been lifted out of poverty, and have moved beyond subsistence and clothing to a moderately prosperous life.
1. Farmers’ income has increased significantly
Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, with the rapid recovery of agricultural production and rural economy, the income of rural residents has increased rapidly. In 1949, the per capita net income of rural residents in Jiangxi Province Less than 60 yuan, and only 140.7 yuan in 1978, farmers are still in poverty. After the reform and opening up, a series of policies to support and benefit farmers have brought new opportunities for farmers’ income to continue to grow rapidly. In 2008, farmers in Jiangxi Province The per capita net income reached 4697.2 yuan, ranking first in the six central provinces and 13th in the country. It increased 77.7 times and 32.4 times compared with 1949 and 1978 respectively, with average annual increases of 7.7 and 12.4 respectively. Among farmers’ income, the per capita wage income of farmers is 1,842.36 yuan, the per capita net income from family operations is 2,552.59 yuan, the per capita net property income of farmers such as interest, rent, and land acquisition compensation is 66.55 yuan; farmers receive relief funds, The per capita net income from transfers such as subsidies is 235.69 yuan. The proportions of wage income and net income from household operations in net income were 39.2 and 56.1 respectively, becoming the main sources of farmers' net income.
2. The quality of life of farmers has improved significantly
In 1949, the per capita consumption expenditure of farmers in Jiangxi Province was only 73 yuan, which increased to 100.9 yuan in 1978. After the reform and opening up, as farmers’ income There has been a significant increase in the number of people living in rural areas. The past poverty situation of not having enough food to eat and not having enough clothing to cover your body is gone forever, and the level of rural consumption has increased significantly. In 2008, the per capita living consumption expenditure of farmers reached 3309.2 yuan, an increase of 44.3 times and 31.8 times compared with 1949 and 1978 respectively, with an average annual increase of 6.6 and 12.3 respectively. In 2008, the Engel coefficient of rural residents in Jiangxi Province dropped from 66.1 in 1957. By 49.4, farmers' lives had changed from poverty to subsistence, and then from subsistence to moderate prosperity.
With the upgrading of the consumption structure of rural residents, the quality of life of rural residents has improved significantly.
From 1954 to 1978, farmers' living consumption has always maintained the "one food, two clothing and three household expenses". After the reform and opening up, farmers gradually moved towards a higher quality well-off life on the basis of meeting the low level of food and clothing. Living consumption showed There is an obvious trend of high-quality and high-end products. First, in food consumption, the consumption of meat, eggs, milk, fish, fruits, etc. has increased, and the dietary structure has developed towards a nutritional and scientific one. In 2008, per capita consumption of meat and poultry by farmers was 16.2 kilograms, aquatic products 5.78 kilograms, and fruits 12.75 kilograms, an increase of 54.4 times, 1.9 times, and 11.5 times respectively compared with 1983. Second, living conditions and quality have improved significantly. In 2008, the per capita housing area of ??rural residents in the province reached 37.56 square meters at the end of the year, an increase of 3.1 times compared with 1980. Among them, the reinforced concrete structure housing reached 24.32 square meters, an increase of 31 times compared with 1985. Third, the ownership of durable consumer goods by rural households has grown from scratch, from a little to a lot, from low-end to high-end, and their popularity has increased rapidly. In 2008, every 100 farmers owned 95.76 color TV sets, 59.88 fixed telephones, 106.98 mobile phones, 50.06 motorcycles, and 30.86 video players. In recent years, high-end consumer goods such as air conditioners, computers, and cars have gradually entered rural households.
3. The production and living environment have been greatly improved
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, governments at all levels in Jiangxi Province have tried every means to get rid of poverty in rural areas and strive to become well-off, while doing everything possible to increase farmers' income. Huge investments in manpower, finance, and material resources have been expedited in the construction of rural infrastructure. While the quality of life of rural residents has improved, the production and living environment have also been greatly improved. According to the 2006 Agricultural Census, more than 99 administrative villages and 83 natural villages in the province have access to roads. The total mileage of rural roads in operation has exceeded 100,000 kilometers. 67.1% of the roads entering the villages from administrative villages are cement or asphalt pavement, and more than 33.8% have roads. The main roads in the administrative villages are cement or asphalt roads. More than 99% of administrative villages have access to electricity; 29.8% of administrative villages have access to running water; more than 99% of administrative villages and 96% of natural villages have telephone access; more than 98% of administrative villages and 95% of natural villages can receive television programs; more than 65% of administrative villages have access to running water. Cable TV is installed in administrative villages and 45 natural villages. The development of rural transportation, communications, water and electricity and other public utilities has improved rural production and living conditions and facilitated cultural and economic exchanges between urban and rural areas.
4. Rural society has basically said goodbye to poverty
By 2008, the absolute poverty population in rural areas of Jiangxi Province had reduced from 10 million in 1978 to 1.325 million, an average annual reduction of nearly 300,000 . The poverty incidence rate dropped from 30 to 3.9, with an average annual decrease of 0.9 percentage points.
6. Comprehensive development of rural social undertakings
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, with the rapid development of the rural economy, governments at all levels have increased investment in rural areas, and rural social development has made significant progress. Especially in recent years, various parts of the province have taken the opportunity of building a new socialist countryside to continuously accelerate the development of social welfare undertakings. The rural landscape has undergone brand-new changes, and rural education, health and other social undertakings have developed in an all-round way.
1. The quality of the rural population continues to improve
According to the 2005 January Population Sample Survey, the proportion of rural population with junior high school education or above was 36.8, an increase of 21.8 percentage points from 1982. The proportion of illiterates among the rural population dropped from 24.7 to 9.9, a decrease of 14.8 percentage points. In 2008, the average rural labor force had 7.9 years of education, 2.5 years more than in the early 1980s; 63% of the labor force had junior high school education or above, an increase of 34 percentage points from 1985. The proportion of illiterate people dropped from 28.6 to 6.4, a decrease of 22.2 percentage points. percentage point.
2. Rapid development of rural health education
At present, Jiangxi Province has fully established a compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism, a new mechanism for the renovation of rural compulsory education primary and secondary school buildings, and a financial guarantee for teachers’ salaries. mechanism.
In 2006, tuition and miscellaneous fees for public primary and secondary school students in rural compulsory education were exempted across the province. Students from poor rural families were provided with free textbooks and subsidized living expenses for boarding students. Children of migrant workers who went to cities to study were also treated the same as children of urban residents. More than 99 towns in the province have hospitals (health centers), more than 82 administrative villages have clinics (institutions), and more than 90 administrative villages have doctors with medical qualification certificates. The medical facilities in township health centers and village health centers are also becoming increasingly complete. . The province has launched a new rural cooperative medical pilot program in 2003. In 2008, all 96 counties (cities, districts) with an agricultural population in the province implemented the new rural cooperative medical system, covering 29.3 million farmers. The rate reached 91.3, which greatly reduced the medical and financial burden of farmers and alleviated the phenomenon of farmers "falling into poverty due to illness and returning to poverty due to illness".
3. The rural social security system is gradually improved
With the rapid development of the rural economy, the government has increased its investment in rural areas. The long-term reliance on family support and self-security in rural areas of Jiangxi Province has gradually improved. With the changes, rural social security systems such as rural basic pension insurance and minimum living security began to be established and gradually improved. Social security projects continued to increase and coverage continued to expand. Jiangxi Province established a minimum living security system in 2006. By 2008, the number of people enjoying rural minimum living security reached 1.5 million, and the number of people participating in rural basic pension insurance reached 2.21 million.
4. The construction of new socialist countryside is steadily advancing
In recent years, all parts of the province have focused on the work idea of ??"five new and one good" in the construction of new rural areas, in accordance with the "government-led, farmers "Main body, cadre service, social participation" work requirements, taking village improvement as the entry point, focusing on solving the most urgent practical problems in farmers' production and life, and organizing and formulating plans and implementing the "six reforms and four popularization" (reform and four popularization) measures to improve rural infrastructure. roads, water, toilets, fences, houses, and the environment; popularize telephones, cable TV, biogas, and solar energy) and guide farmers to build independently. In 2008, while the province had built more than 20,000 natural villages in previous years, it also coordinated and arranged for 9,000 natural villages (1,000 of which were poverty alleviation villages) to carry out pilot projects for new rural construction. A total of 1.89 billion yuan has been invested in 8,000 pilot villages, and 3.74 billion yuan has been guided to invest farmers in labor, rural investment, social donations, and unit assistance. The total funds used in the pilot villages have reached 5.63 billion yuan. In 8,000 pilot villages, 330,000 rural households have been renovated with tap water, 310,000 rural households with sanitary latrines have been renovated, 29,000 hollow houses have been demolished, 560,000 new houses have been built or renovated, and 12,700 public activity venues of various types have been built. 62,000 farmers have access to biogas, 41,000 farmers have installed solar water heaters, 5,826 pilot villages have formed a one-village, one-product industry development model, and farmers in the pilot villages have gained per capita income of 2,830 yuan from the one-village, one-product industry. There are 2,078 farmers specializing in The cooperative has been extended to pilot villages, with 150,000 farmers participating in the cooperative. The rural areas of Jiangxi Province are moving towards a new socialist countryside featuring "developing production, affluent life, clean and tidy villages, civilized rural customs, and democratic management". Over the past 15 years, the total number of stadiums in my country has increased from more than 610,000 in 1995 to more than 1 million in 2009. The old sand and gravel track in many people's memories has been transformed into a modern, fashionable, convenient, and uniform fitness venue.
From 1996 to 2009, more than 150,000 national fitness paths have been built in urban and rural areas across the country, benefiting the majority of urban and rural residents and becoming a sports and fitness landscape with Chinese characteristics.
In 2006, the Ministry of Education and the State Sports General Administration jointly launched a pilot program to open campus sports venues to the public. So far, more than 20,000 schools have opened to the public. As of 2009, youth campus football activities have been launched in more than 2,000 schools in 44 cities across the country, and football is loved by more and more children.
As of the beginning of 2010, the country has invested more than 5 billion yuan to build more than 200,000 sports facilities in rural areas, which is a significant improvement in relatively backward rural sports facilities.
The "Sending Help in the Time of Need" project implemented by the state has assisted in the construction of public sports facilities in "old, young, border and poor" areas, benefiting 406 counties in 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) across the country ( District), bringing warmth and health to the people in relatively poor areas.
Over the past 15 years, sports social groups at all levels have basically covered vast areas in urban and rural areas across the country, and there have been 210,000 sports guidance stations and activity sites throughout urban and rural communities.
In the 16 years since the implementation of the "Technical Grade System for Social Sports Instructors" in 1994, our country has trained 400,000 social sports instructors. Social sports instructors are active on the front line of national fitness and play a "leading eagle" role in promoting the development of national fitness.
Survey data released by the State Sports General Administration show that in 2007, 340 million urban and rural residents nationwide "regularly participated in physical exercise," accounting for 28.2% of the total population. Sheng Zhiguo, director of the Group Department of the State Sports General Administration, said that although the population ratio of 28.2% is not high compared with developed countries, for China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, it is enough to illustrate the current national fitness participation in our country. extensiveness.