1. Go through the registration formalities of organic heat carrier furnace and get the use registration certificate. After the new boiler is installed, it should be accepted by the local boiler inspection office. Users should fill in the Boiler Registration Card, and go through the registration formalities with the boiler safety supervision department of the local Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision to obtain the use registration certificate. Unlicensed furnace shall not be put into operation.
2. The fireman shall be examined by the quality and technical supervision department and hold the operation certificate of the heat carrier fireman. In addition to meeting the requirements of industrial boiler firemen, firemen should also be trained in the professional knowledge of heat carrier boilers.
3, the use of units should have a sound management system and safe operation procedures.
(2) Preparation before ignition
1, internal and external inspection and preparation of organic heat carrier furnace, including:
The residual water in the organic heat carrier furnace has been discharged and dried; Clean up the sundries in the furnace; All inspection holes, manholes, etc. It has been sealed, and the filler used meets the requirements of heat carrier furnace medium.
Inspection of safety accessories and protective devices
1) The needle valve or ball valve at the front end of the pressure gauge elbow is fully open. The accuracy, measuring range and dial diameter of the pressure gauge meet the requirements, and the pointer returns to zero when there is no pressure.
2) The valve of the drain pipe of the level gauge is closed, and the drain pipe is connected with the storage tank correctly.
3) Thermometers and automatic recording instruments have been verified as qualified; Over-temperature and over-pressure alarm and automatic interlock protection devices have been put into operation, and there is no abnormality in electrical control contacts.
4) The combustion ventilation equipment is checked to be normal.
2. Medium test and cold cycle
Whether the quality of heat transfer liquid used in organic heat carrier boiler is qualified or not has a great relationship with the safe operation of heat carrier boiler. Therefore, the heat transfer liquid used should be sampled and tested first, or the supplier's relevant quality certificate should be specified:
1) Whether the maximum service temperature of heat transfer oil is consistent with the heating conditions of organic heat carrier furnace. The outlet temperature of the furnace should be at least 30~40℃ lower than the allowable temperature of the heat transfer liquid, otherwise the heat transfer liquid will quickly decompose and deteriorate in use and fail in advance.
2) Sampling inspection to determine whether the appearance quality, flash point, viscosity, acid value, carbon residue and moisture of the heat transfer oil are consistent with the quality certificate provided by the heat transfer oil manufacturer, and also provide a basis for monitoring the quality change of the medium in future operation.
Oil pump is used to inject qualified heat transfer oil into the furnace and expander. When the fuel pump injects heat transfer fluid into the system, check whether the drain valve and oil drain valve of the furnace body, thermal equipment and pipeline system are closed again to avoid the loss of heat transfer fluid. At the same time, open the steam exhaust valves on the pipeline and the furnace body one by one to remove air until oil flows out. When the oil level of the expander level gauge appears, stop injecting heat transfer fluid, and then start the circulating pump for cold circulation.
The purpose of cold circulation is to test whether there is stagnant flow in the whole heating system and whether there is leakage in equipment, pipelines and valves. Whether the flow and lift of circulating pump can meet the production requirements. Because of the high viscosity of cold oil, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of heat carrier furnace is relatively large, and the flow resistance of pipeline system is also relatively large. Each circulating pump should be started and debugged in turn, so that cold oil can circulate in the system for 6~8 hours. In the cold cycle, always open the air valve to discharge residual air, observe and record the displays of pressure gauges, thermometers and ammeters at all points, pay attention to record the data such as circulating pump current, inlet and outlet pressure difference, outlet pressure of circulating pump and inlet and outlet pressure difference of organic heat carrier furnace, and check whether the oil pump runs smoothly and the bearing seal is in good condition.
During the cold cycle of removing and cleaning the filter, various impurities in the system and residues in the heat transfer fluid are filtered out by the filter in front of the oil pump along with the cold oil circulation. After the cycle, the filter should be removed to remove all dirt in the filter and on the filter screen.
4. Ignition and heating-up steps
Different combustion devices have different ignition operation steps. Commonly used combustion devices mainly include hand-fired grate, chain grate and coal grate;
Hand-fired stove row operation
1) ignition operation steps
A) fully open flue damper and ash door, natural ventilation 10 minutes. If there is an induced draft fan, turn it on for 5 minutes. Then close the ash door, spread firewood and kindling on the grate, sprinkle a thin layer of coal and put some firewood on the thin coal.
B) light coal and put wood on it. Cotton yarn stained with engine oil can be used for ignition, and volatile oil is strictly prohibited for ignition. The oven door can be ajar.
C) After the fire leads coal, add a small amount of coal to continue the combustion.
2) Normal combustion Hand-fired furnace should adhere to the principle of "less, more diligent and faster" in normal combustion, that is, coal should be discharged frequently, and new coal should be discharged when the coal seam combustion in the furnace reaches white-hot; Throw coal faster, sprinkle coal less and evenly, keep the coal seam thickness 100~ 150 mm, and make the ventilation even. At the same time, water is properly mixed into coal to improve combustion efficiency. Fireman Qin Ying observed the color of the fire and adjusted the combustion by pushing and pulling the fire. The fire turns white, indicating that there is too much air, so it is necessary to add coal in time. When the fire is orange-red, it means that the air volume is insufficient, so it is necessary to "stir the fire" and stir the ash under the coal seam to loosen the coal seam and improve ventilation. When a local fire pit appears and the fire turns white, it is necessary to "stir the fire" and level the coal seam with a fire hook.
When "poking" and "poking" the fire, the action should be fast, so as to avoid the oven door opening for too long, too much cold air entering the furnace and lowering the furnace temperature; It is also necessary to prevent furnace ash and slag from being stirred up on the combustion layer, and the formed slag should be hooked out of the furnace door, and it should not be forcibly rammed into mud.
Operation of grate machine
1) ignition operation steps
A) Lift the coal gate to the highest position, spread 20 ~ 30mm thick coal in the front of the grate, spread firewood, old cotton yarn and other kindling on the coal, and spread thinner slag in the middle and back of the grate to prevent a lot of cold air from entering.
B) ignite the fire, slowly rotate the grate, and stop the grate rotation after the fire is sent to a distance of 1 ~ 1.5m from the coal gate.
C) When the arch temperature rises gradually to ignite new coal, adjust the coal seam gate, keep the coal seam thickness at 70~ 100 mm, slowly turn the grate, and adjust the induced draft fan to make the negative pressure in the furnace close to zero, so as to speed up the combustion.
D) When the burning coal rotates with the grate to the second, third and fourth baffles, properly open the baffles there to continue burning.
E) when there is a grate in the primer, the coal seam should be thickened appropriately, and the air volume should be increased accordingly, and the negative pressure of the furnace should be maintained with 2 ~ 3mm water column.
2) Combustion adjustment The combustion adjustment of chain grate is mainly to adjust the thickness of coal seam, the speed of grate and the speed of drum and induced draft fan.
A) When the coal seam thickness is appropriate, the fire starts at 200mm in front of the coal gate and burns out at 400mm in front of the slag retaining iron (eagle iron). Bituminous coal with strong cohesiveness should be slightly thinner and bituminous coal with weak cohesiveness should be slightly thicker.
B) When the grate speed is normal, there should be 2/3 fire beds on the whole grate surface, and there will be no fire near the slag retaining iron. When the heat supply increases, the grate speed is appropriately accelerated, which can prolong the fire bed; When the heat supply is reduced, the grate speed is slowed down appropriately, which shortens the fire bed.
C) During normal ventilation operation, the opening of each air chamber under the grate should be adjusted in time according to the combustion situation, and high volatile coal should be burned, and the air volume should be concentrated in the middle and front. When burning low volatile coal, the air volume should be gradually increased from front to back. When reducing combustion, turn down the outlet baffle of the blower; When the combustion intensifies, it is necessary to increase the air supply. The air supply volume of steam drum and induced draft fan should match each other to maintain the negative pressure of 2 ~ 3 mm water column in front of the furnace.
The adjustment of coal seam thickness, grate speed and air supply rate are interrelated and must be closely coordinated to maintain normal combustion.
Operation of type I coal stove row
1) ignition operation steps:
A) Fully open the chimney baffle, naturally ventilate for 10 minute, then spread firewood and kindling in the furnace, then push the car (4~6 cars) full of coal cakes into the furnace, and close the oven door.
B) Turn on the circulating pump, and after checking that it is running normally, start ignition from the ignition hole.
C) After the organic heat carrier furnace runs for 12 hours (depending on the specific briquette quality), coal equivalent to the amount of coal burned is added.
2) When the organic heat carrier furnace is in normal operation, the briquette consumption can be adjusted according to the heat consumption of the equipment.
3) In case of power failure or failure of the circulating pump, in order to maintain normal and safe production, the inlet and outlet valves of the circulating pump can be quickly closed and the diesel circulating pump can be started.
4) For the operation requirements of guitar, please refer to the relevant contents of this regulation.
Temperature rise and temperature rise curve The ignition temperature rise of organic heat carrier furnace is a dangerous stage in operation, which needs special care, and its temperature rise process should follow the principle of "one slow and two stops"; If it is slow, the heating rate will be slow; If it is stopped, the heating will be stopped at two temperature ranges of 95 ~ 1 10℃ and 2 10 ~ 230℃ for a period of time.
1) heating curve After the heat carrier furnace is ignited, the heating process and heating speed should be carried out according to the provisions of the heating curve. The typical heating curve of heat carrier is shown in the following figure.
A) After the cold furnace is ignited, the heating rate is controlled to be 10℃/ hour until 90~95℃. Because of the high viscosity of oil, low velocity in the heating surface tube, thick oil film on the tube wall and poor heat transfer conditions, if the temperature rises too fast, it is easy to make the local oil film temperature too high.
B) The temperature range of 95 ~110℃ is the stage of removing residual moisture in the system and trace moisture contained in the heat carrier liquid. The heating rate is controlled within the range of 0~5℃/ hour, depending on the dehydration situation. The exhaust pipe of the expander has a large exhaust volume, and there is a sound of water hammer at the bottom, which accelerates the vibration of the pipeline. When the pointer of the pressure gauge swings greatly everywhere, it must be stopped for constant temperature. If necessary, the oven door can be opened to reduce combustion. The length of this stage varies according to the amount of water remaining in the system and the quality of heat transfer liquid. The short time can be more than ten hours, and the long time may be several days. It can be repeated several times between 95~ 1 10℃ before the water can be discharged. We can't blindly speed up the process of heating and dehydration, because once the water in the system evaporates violently, the volume will expand rapidly, which may not only cause "boiling", but also cause the oil level to expand rapidly and spray out in large quantities, and may also cause the pressure of the whole system to rise sharply, leading to the rupture of pressure components and serious accidents.
C) When the noise in the furnace and pipeline becomes smaller and the circulating oil pump is no longer evacuated (the pump outlet pressure drops below 0. 1MPa, with heavy gasps), the temperature will be raised at a speed of 5℃/ hour, but it cannot exceed 120℃ until there is no gas discharged from the vent pipe. At this time, the pressure gauge pointer stops fluctuating, indicating that dehydration is qualified.
D) After the dehydration process is completed, the temperature will continue to rise at the rate of 30℃/ hour, but attention should still be paid to the evaporation of residual water, and the temperature increase should be stopped at any time. Stop when the temperature reaches 2 10~230℃. At this time, the hydrocarbon components in the heat transfer liquid are mainly removed. The existence of hydrocarbon components in heat transfer oil reduces the flash point, and once it leaks, the possibility of deflagration increases. In the liquid-phase heat carrier furnace, hydrocarbon components exist in gas phase, which will cause "gas resistance", make the circulating pump pressure unstable, and the flow rate will not drop or even be interrupted. According to different brands and qualities of heat transfer fluids, the analysis process of light components is also different. When there is no gas discharged from the vent pipe and the circulating pump pressure is stable, the temperature will continue to rise at the rate of 0~ 10℃/ hour.
E) From 2 10℃ until the lamp goes out, the working temperature of the heat transfer liquid rises at a speed of 40℃/ hour. At this time, it is necessary to comprehensively observe the instructions of various detection and control instruments to see whether the action is sensitive and accurate. Whether the auxiliary machinery and auxiliary equipment are working normally, and comprehensively check whether the boiler and heating system are working normally and can meet the production needs. If the heating can't meet the design requirements, the heating should be suspended, and the reasons should be found, and then the heating problem should be solved.
2) Precautions for ignition and temperature rise
A) The ignition temperature rise process shall be carried out in strict accordance with the temperature rise curve in the "Temperature Rise Curve".
B) When the temperature of heat transfer fluid rises above 200℃, the equipment and the whole system shall be thoroughly inspected, and all bolted joints shall be thermally fastened to eliminate the leakage caused by uneven thermal expansion.
C) Pay attention to the expansion of heat transfer fluid. If the liquid level of the expander is too high, open the liquid pipe and put the heat transfer liquid into the oil storage tank to avoid a large amount of heat transfer liquid overflowing from the expander and causing an accident.
D) The circulating pump must be turned on before the cold furnace is ignited. In cold areas, the heat transfer liquid should be heated to about 30℃ with steam before ignition, and then the circulating pump can be started.
E) The water discharged during the ignition and temperature rise of the liquid-phase furnace enters the expander through the expansion tube in the form of water vapor, one part is discharged from the emptying tube in the form of gas, and the other part condenses into water and sinks into the bottom of the expander. In order to prevent these moisture from re-entering the circulation system, during the heating process, the drain pipe at the bottom of the expander should be opened regularly to release condensed water. The operation of organic heat carrier furnace should implement the principle of "safe heating and energy saving". Ensure safe operation, pay attention to saving coal and electricity, and improve economic benefits.
(I) Normal operation index of organic heat carrier furnace The heat supply of liquid-phase organic heat carrier furnace is related to the flow rate and temperature of output medium. The circulating flow rate of heat transfer liquid in the organic heat carrier furnace should not be lower than the design flow rate specified in the drawing, and the temperature difference meets the requirements of the drawing when the rated power is reached. This parameter is also related to the physical properties of heat transfer liquid adopted by users. In order to achieve a reasonable output power, users should take the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the furnace as the operating reference. The decrease of temperature difference between import and export means that the heat consumption is reduced and the combustion is correspondingly weakened; On the contrary, combustion should be strengthened.
(2), patrol inspection and abnormal situation handling stoker on duty, in addition to adjust the combustion, ensure the heating, should also be regular patrol inspection, and make records.
The contents of hourly inspection by firemen on duty mainly include:
1) inlet pressure, temperature, outlet pressure and temperature of heat transfer liquid; Pressure before and after the filter; Inlet pressure, outlet pressure and circulating flow of circulating oil pump.
2) Whether the boiler body (especially the radiant heating surface) has bulging deformation and leakage. The furnace burns well.
3) The operation of grate, slag extractor, roller and induced draft fan, whether the oil level and cooling water are normal, and whether the temperature of dust collector and exhaust gas is normal.
4) The liquid level of the expander should be normal, the temperature of heat transfer liquid in the expander should be lower than 70℃, and is there any heat transfer liquid in the storage tank? Can the expander replenish liquid? Is the tanker normal?
5) Whether the pipes and valves are leaking.
Patrol inspection route
Electric control cabinet-pressure gauge in front of furnace, liquid level gauge-grate reducer-heat carrier furnace and furnace combustion-slag extractor, air preheater-steam drum, induced draft fan-expander-circulating oil pump, filter-storage tank-electric control cabinet.
Operation record content (once per hour);
1) furnace temperature of organic heat carrier℃.
2) The temperature of the organic heat carrier is℃
3) Oil pressure MPa of organic heat carrier furnace.
4) Oil pressure MPa of organic heat carrier furnace.
5) outlet pressure of circulating oil pump MPa
6) inlet pressure of circulating oil pump MPa
7) Circulating flow m3/h
8) Filter operation
9) Pressure difference between inlet and outlet of filter MPa
10) circulating pump current a
1 1) blower current a
12) induced draft fan current a
13) expander liquid level
14) expander thermal heat transfer fluid temperature℃
15) Exhaust temperature℃
Judgment and treatment of abnormal situation
1) Abnormal condition of circulating pump
A) When the circulating pump current is lower than normal, it means that the circulating pump efficiency is reduced and the flow rate is reduced. It may be that the heating pipe is blocked by scale and should be cleaned.
B) If the circulating pump pressure is constant, the current increases and the flow decreases, it means that the heat transfer fluid has deteriorated and its viscosity has increased, so it should be replaced or regenerated in time. If the water or decomposed gas in the newly heated conductive liquid is not eliminated in the system, the exhaust valve should be opened immediately to discharge the gas.
C) The circulating pump current decreases and the outlet pump pressure returns to zero, indicating that the pump is idling and does not supply oil. It may be that the engine oil is vaporized, find out the cause of vaporization and take measures; If the filter is blocked and the circulating pump is emptied, immediately open the bypass to clean the filter; If the system contains water or the gas decomposed by water due to newly added heat transfer liquid is not eliminated, the exhaust valve should be opened immediately to exhaust.
2) The outlet temperature of the liquid phase heat carrier furnace is low, and the heat supply is insufficient. However, if the exhaust temperature exceeds 300℃, it is mainly the problem of dust accumulation, and soot blowing should be done in time. If the exhaust temperature is low, it is mainly a combustion problem, mainly due to insufficient induced air. Although the furnace is positive pressure, the air volume is not large, the furnace temperature is low and the combustion intensity is not enough. It is important to check whether the water seal of the slag machine and the ash outlet of the dust collector are closed and whether a large amount of cold air leaks in.
3) When the pressure difference between the front and back of the filter increases and the pump inlet pressure drops, it may be that the filter screen is blocked, so the bypass should be opened, and the filter should be disassembled and cleaned.
4) Common faults and treatment of chain grate
A) The grate stops rotating, which may be due to the loose chain, poor sprocket engagement, or serious sprocket wear and poor connection with the chain; Adjust the adjusting screws on both sides again and tighten the grille. If it still doesn't work properly, please replace the sprocket.
B) the grate is stuck. The reason is often that the grate is loose or the pin falls off after the grate is broken; Metal inclusions in coal block the grate; Grate arch; The tip of the slag stopper (eagle iron) sinks and blocks the grate. Treatment: before starting, dump the converter row with a wrench, remove impurities and replace the broken grate. If it is stuck after starting, check the reason in detail after stopping the rotation. If the eagle iron sinks, the fire doors on both sides can be straightened with iron hooks.
Safety measures in operation of organic heat carrier furnace
1) The medium in the organic heat carrier furnace is flammable, with high temperature and strong permeability. Firefighters must wear protective equipment in the operation center. When opening and closing the valve, it should be light and slow, and the head should not face the valve disc directly to prevent the heat transfer liquid from rushing out of the gap between the valve stem and the packing and being burned.
2) Heat transfer oil is lost in operation and should be replenished in time. In the thermal operation system, the non-dehydrated cold medium cannot be directly added.
3) The liquid phase furnace is forced to circulate by a circulating pump. In case of power failure (when the circulating pump stops running), measures should be taken in time to prevent the heat transfer liquid in the furnace from overheating due to the stop of circulation. If the standby pump cannot be started immediately without its own power supply, the grate should be stopped immediately, and the connecting valve between the expander and the furnace body should be opened to make the cold oil in the expander flow into the furnace to maintain the oil flow in the furnace. Until the furnace temperature is lower than 300℃, the outlet temperature of hot oil drops below 100℃. If conditions permit, a circulating pump driven by a standby diesel engine can also be installed.
4) The boiler room shall be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment, and the fire-fighting equipment shall be inspected regularly to keep it in good condition. (a), normal boiler stop
According to the length of downtime, the temporary downtime is different.
1) Stop the furnace temporarily (stop the furnace for a short time). After a little wet coal is pressed down by the grate of the hand-fired furnace, the furnace door is opened and the fan and chimney baffle are closed to maintain the residual fire in the furnace; The chain grate will continue to push coal into the furnace for 5~ 10 minutes or the furnace row will walk for about 400 mm, then turn off the blast and induced air, and close the chimney baffle to maintain the furnace temperature. The circulating pump does not stop, and the bypass is opened with thermal equipment to maintain the normal circulation of heat transfer liquid and avoid local overheating. When the thermal equipment continues to use heat, the manual stove row turns on the fire, closes the oven door, opens the blower and chimney baffle, and resumes combustion. For chain grate, first open the flue baffle and induced draft fan, then turn on the blower to raise the furnace temperature, and then start the grate to resume combustion after the temperature of the front arch rises.
2) Stop the furnace for a long time (usually more than 8 hours). When it is necessary to stop the furnace for more than 8 hours, the hand-fired furnace should be small. After closing the fan and flue damper, use thick wet coal to suppress the red fire, and someone should be on duty when stopping to prevent the fire from going out. If wet coal spontaneously ignites, it should be recompressed. After stopping the drum and induced draft fan, the grate will thicken the coal seam and walk into the grate for 800 ~ 1200mm. In winter, the temperature is low, and the furnace cools too fast. It is advisable to start blowing coal at the draught point during the shutdown, add some new coal, and don't cut off the fire. When the boiler stops, the circulating pump continues to work, and the oil circuit circulates. When the thermal equipment is not hot, the bypass is opened. When the outlet oil temperature is lower than 100℃, turn off the circulating pump. When the thermal equipment is restarted, the circulating pump of the organic heat carrier furnace should be started first, so that the heat transfer liquid can flow first, and then the combustion can be resumed by "ignition". If the oil temperature has dropped below 100℃, the combustion can't recover as quickly as when the boiler is stopped for a short time, but the heating speed should be controlled to avoid local overheating.
Overhaul shutdown (flameout) operation
1) Normal shutdown operation sequence of hand-fired boiler
A) gradually reduce the load, reduce the coal supply and air volume, when the load stops, stop the coal supply and air supply, and then stop the induced draft fan.
B) Close the oven door, ash door and flue baffle to prevent the boiler from cooling sharply.
C) When the pressure gauge of the furnace body drops to zero and the temperature of heat transfer liquid drops below 150℃, open the furnace door, ash door and flue baffle to strengthen natural ventilation and cooling.
D) Put the heat transfer liquid in the boiler into the oil storage tank, and take isolation measures for the boiler heating pipeline, then open the inspection hole and wash it with steam to remove coke scale and impurities.
2) grate machine normal shutdown operation sequence
A) Close the lower baffle of the coal hopper and lower the coal gate to 30~50 mm, which is beneficial to air circulation and avoids burning the gate.
B) Reduce the grate speed, reduce the blast and induced draft fan, and turn off the blast and induced draft fan after the coal on the grate is basically burned out.
C) Continue to rotate the grate to remove the ash.
D) When the pressure of the furnace body drops to zero and the temperature of the heat-conducting oil drops below 70℃, put the heat-conducting oil in the pot into the oil storage tank, and the furnace body is reliably isolated from other furnaces and pipelines, then open the inspection hole and wash it with steam to remove coke scale and impurities.
3) The normal shutdown operation of coal furnace is relatively simple. Stop adding coal, close the flue gas baffle and reduce combustion until the fire goes out.
Matters needing attention in normal parking operation
1) During the shutdown operation of the liquid-phase organic heat carrier furnace, special attention should be paid not to cause overheating and coking deterioration of the heat carrier due to improper operation, so the pump should be stopped when the furnace is shut down, and the circulating pump should be operated until the oil temperature drops below 70℃.
2) If the furnace is temporarily shut down and the fire is pressed for a long time, attention should be paid to the ventilation of the grate to avoid burning the annular grate.
(2), emergency stop furnace
Under what circumstances should firefighters stop the furnace urgently? In case of any of the following circumstances, it has the right to take emergency measures to stop the furnace immediately and report to the relevant departments in time.
1) When the outlet temperature exceeds the allowable value, the overtemperature alarm will be activated and the temperature will continue to rise.
2) All pressure gauges and thermometers fail, and the liquid level of liquid level gauge fluctuates violently. Despite the measures taken, it still can't return to normal.
3) Bulging, deformation, cracks and other defects appear in the pressure parts of the furnace, which seriously threatens safety.
4) When the circulating pump is completely damaged and cannot run.
5) When the pipeline valve is broken, the filler on the flange joint surface rushes out, resulting in a large amount of heat transfer liquid leakage.
6) When a fire or other accident occurs nearby, which directly threatens the safe operation of the heat carrier furnace.
Emergency stop operation steps:
1) Hand-fired furnace pulls out the fire from the furnace and douses it with water; The chain grate shakes the arc plate of the coal gate, and the grate moves quickly to complete the coal burning in the furnace, and the air supply and air introduction are stopped; T-type coal furnace pushes all briquette cars out of the furnace, opens the front and rear furnace doors and cools the furnace temperature.
2) Turn off the circulating pump.
3) Open the oil valve, put all the heat transfer liquid in the system into the oil storage tank, then cut off the connection between the boiler and other equipment and close the inlet and outlet valves;
4) Open the oven door, observe the fire door and chimney baffle, and speed up the natural ventilation and cooling of the furnace.
Matters needing attention in emergency stop operation When taking emergency stop operation, you should keep calm, find out the reason first, and then take measures against the direct cause. Be careful when stopping the furnace in an emergency to avoid being burnt.
Strengthen management and establish various rules and regulations.
Users of organic heat carrier furnaces must establish a set of rules and regulations suitable for the actual situation of their own units to prevent accidents, resulting in casualties and property losses. Ensure the safe and economical operation of the organic heat carrier furnace.
The rules and regulations of the boiler room of organic heat carrier boiler generally include post responsibility system, safety operation rules, patrol inspection system, shift system, equipment maintenance system, heat transfer fluid management system, accident reporting system, cleanliness and safety protection system, etc.
The specific project requirements for the establishment of rules and regulations are attached for the reference of relevant units.
Attached page 1: post responsibility system
Responsibilities of the person in charge of the unit
1) Determine a leader in charge, and set full-time or part-time management personnel to be responsible for the safety and technical management of the boiler room, and set up corresponding management institutions when necessary.
2) The firefighters and media leaders shall be selected in strict accordance with the conditions, and the team shall be kept relatively stable and not transferred at will.
3) Strengthen ideological education and cultural and technical education for relevant personnel.
4) Improve the working conditions of boiler room and realize civilized production.
5) Establish and supervise the implementation of various management systems in the boiler room. Implement supporting reward and punishment measures, and study and solve the problems existing in the boiler room in time.
6) Immediately after the accident, organize an investigation and adhere to the principle of "three no-misses". Don't let go of the cause of the accident, the person responsible for the accident, the masses, education and preventive measures.
Responsibilities of boiler room management personnel
Boiler room management personnel should have boiler safety technical knowledge and be familiar with the relevant provisions of national safety laws and regulations, and their duties are:
1) Organize firefighters and media leaders to conduct technical training and safety education.
2) Participate in formulating various rules and regulations of the boiler room.
3) Check the implementation of various rules and regulations in the boiler room.
4) Communicate and implement the boiler safety instructions issued by the competent department and the boiler safety supervision organization.
5) Supervise and inspect the maintenance of the boiler and its auxiliary equipment and the implementation of the regular maintenance plan.
6) Solve the problems raised by the relevant personnel in the boiler room, and report to the person in charge of the unit in time if they cannot be solved.
7) Declare the regular inspection plan to the Boiler Safety Supervision Department of the Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision, and seriously rectify the problems found in the inspection.
The duties of the monitor of the third stoker
1) Take the lead in implementing various rules and regulations, have the right to stop illegal operations, and report to relevant departments and leaders when necessary.
2) actively cooperate with boiler room management personnel to do all the work.
3) Check and urge the team members to seriously implement various rules and regulations and safety operation procedures. A licensed fireman shall perform the following duties
1) Strictly implement various rules and regulations and operate carefully to ensure the safe and economic operation of the boiler.
2) When abnormal phenomena endangering the safety of the boiler are found, emergency shutdown measures should be taken and the unit head should be reported in time.
3) Reject all illegal commands that hinder the safe operation of the boiler.
4) Work hard to learn business knowledge and constantly improve the level of operation technology.
Responsibilities of the media director (full-time or part-time)
1) Clean the filter regularly.
2) According to the requirements of the certificate of heat transfer oil, conduct medium analysis or contact analysis regularly, with the longest interval not exceeding one year.
3) When the carbon residue, acid value, viscosity and flash point are unqualified, or the decomposition component content of heat transfer oil exceeds 10%, contact or organize the replacement or regeneration of heat carrier.
4) According to the usage, contact a qualified unit to carry out chemical cleaning on the carrier furnace and pipe network.
5) Carefully record the analysis results and the replacement of heat transfer fluid.
6) Work hard to learn business knowledge, and supervise and guide firefighters to correctly implement the heat transfer oil management system.
Attached page 2. Safe operating procedure
Operating procedures should be formulated according to the relevant regulations, combined with the special requirements of the furnace structure combustion equipment used in this unit. Generally should have the following contents;
1. Operating process index and main parameters of organic heat carrier.
2. Inspection and preparation before fire.
(1) List the inspection contents one by one. Including the sealing condition, whether the pressure-bearing parts are cracked, leaked or deformed, whether the insulation layer is damaged, whether the burner, grate and gear box are normal, whether the opening position of the same valve is correct, and whether the safety accessories, instruments and automatic control devices meet the requirements.
(2) Clearly put forward what preparations should be made before ignition, mainly including the preparation of heat transfer oil, fuel, igniter and cooling water, as well as the cold circulation inspection of the system and the presence or absence of dirt on the filter.
make a fire
According to the characteristics of combustion equipment of organic heat carrier furnace in our unit, the operation points of each step from ventilation to normal operation are clearly defined, including ventilation, ignition, heating, dehydration, exhaust (steam), supplementary heat carrier and automatic control device inspection steps.
4. Drying and drying cleaning
After the furnace wall is overhauled or newly installed, the organic heat carrier furnace should be baked to remove the moisture in the furnace wall. For the heating surface and main pipe network of the organic heat carrier furnace after overhaul or newly installed, the furnace should be washed to remove impurities such as oil pollution and rust.
The user shall, according to the relevant regulations and combined with the actual situation, formulate the procedures and qualified standards for drying and washing, and the main contents shall include; The opening position of the valve before drying, the control of combustion, temperature, speed and time during drying, etc. Requirements for cleaning liquid such as furnace washing, temperature control, filter cleaning and system drying. , as well as the oven and furnace cleaning standards.
5. Operation management
Clarify the main adjustment methods of control indexes such as temperature, pressure, liquid level and combustion after the heat carrier furnace enters normal operation, the inspection and management of pressure gauge, thermometer and liquid level meter during operation, and the operation points of sewage discharge, exhaust steam and slag discharge.
6. Stop the furnace
(1) defines the operation method of boiler shutdown; Including the requirements of combustion, blowing, temperature and liquid unloading during normal shutdown.
(2) Emergency shutdown usually involves fire, tube explosion, serious deformation of pressure components, power failure, overpressure, overtemperature, serious damage to combustion equipment, shutdown of circulating pump, heat transfer liquid treatment, etc.