No, it doesn't. Security checkers do not require as fine an imaging quality as medical examinations, so the dose of X-rays it emits is much lower than that of medical instruments. According to the national standard "micro-dose X-ray safety inspection equipment" (GB 15208-2005) requirements, the security checker single inspection dose shall not exceed 5 microGray (1 Gray = 1000 milligray = 1,000,000 microGray), while the dose of light a X-ray chest X-ray has 20 to 50 microGray. Moreover, the dose in actual use does not usually need to be anywhere near the upper limit.
Moreover, the direction of the X-rays emitted by the screening device is fixed, and will not be scattered outward, and the X-rays themselves will not turn, it is difficult to overflow from the inside, as long as you do not put your hand into the lead curtain when you pick up and put down the baggage, you will not be exposed to radiation.