The reasons why the lithium ion migration number is greater than one are as follows:
1. The diffusion rate of lithium ions in the electrolyte is greater than their migration rate. In some cases, the diffusion rate of lithium ions in the electrolyte may be greater than their migration rate at the electrode, resulting in more lithium ions entering the electrode, thereby increasing the lithium ion migration number.
2. Adsorption of lithium ions on the electrode surface. The adsorption of lithium ions on the electrode surface may affect its migration number. When lithium ions are adsorbed on the electrode surface, they may be more difficult to migrate from the electrolyte to the electrode, thus reducing the migration number. However, if adsorption is weak or absent, the migration number of lithium ions may be higher.
3. Concentration and viscosity of the electrolyte. The concentration and viscosity of the electrolyte may affect the migration number of lithium ions. When the electrolyte concentration is high or the viscosity is high, the diffusion rate of lithium ions in the electrolyte may be reduced, thus reducing the migration number.
4. Effect of temperature. Temperature may affect the migration number of lithium ions. When the temperature increases, both the diffusion rate and the migration rate of lithium ions may increase, thereby increasing the migration number.
Applications of lithium ion:
1, Battery field: lithium-ion batteries are one of the most widely used batteries today. They have the advantages of high energy density, long life and environmental protection, so they are widely used in cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles and other fields. Lithium-ion batteries realize the charging and discharging process through the migration of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes, providing a stable energy source for various electronic devices.
2, the medical field: lithium ion also has some special biological activity, so in the medical field also has a wide range of applications. For example, lithium ion can be used as an antidepressant drug to help treat mental illnesses such as depression. In addition, lithium ions are also used to prepare radioisotopes, which play an important role in medical diagnosis and treatment.
3, the field of environmental protection: with the improvement of environmental awareness, lithium ion in the field of environmental protection applications are also increasingly concerned. For example, lithium-ion batteries can be used in energy storage systems to store renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power and release them when needed, thus reducing dependence on fossil fuels. In addition, lithium-ion can be used to create rechargeable, environmentally friendly batteries to replace more polluting batteries such as traditional lead-acid batteries.