Productive dust, such as silica dust, pulverized coal and organic dust. Workers may suffer from pneumoconiosis if they work under the condition of exceeding the maximum allowable concentration stipulated by the state for a long time, plus the influence of other factors. The main harmful chemical factors in dust are free silica, silicate, etc.
Productive poisons, such as productive chemical poisons, can cause acute and chronic occupational poisoning. There are many kinds of productive poisons that workers may be exposed to, depending on the actual production conditions.
(2) Physical factors.
Adverse meteorological conditions: the temperature, humidity, airflow and thermal radiation in the production site constitute the meteorological conditions of the production environment. Working under unfavorable meteorological conditions such as strong thermal radiation, high temperature and high humidity may lead to heatstroke. Working in a cold climate will not only cause frostbite, but also increase the incidence of colds.
Ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation: electromagnetic radiation can be divided into ionizing radiation and non-ionizing radiation according to its different biological functions. Ionizing radiation refers to rays or particles that cause ionization of atoms of substances, such as α, β, γ rays, neutrons, etc., which can cause the destruction of biomolecule structure. The damage caused by non-ionizing radiation is burn effect, such as ultraviolet rays, infrared rays, high-frequency electromagnetic fields, radio wave electromagnetic fields, etc.
(3) Biological factors.
Mainly refers to some organisms or microorganisms that come into contact with in the working environment.
To prevent and control occupational diseases, we must improve these chemical, physical and biological harmful factors in the working environment, minimize their harm to health and safety, reduce occupational hazards, prevent occupational diseases, and ensure health and safety.
(4) Socio-economic factors.
Economic globalization, gross national product, wealth distribution, cultural and educational level, ecological environment, labor legislation and medical and health system can all affect the health of occupational groups. Such as low level of production management, poor plant or equipment, excessive physical load, unreasonable production layout, etc.
Extended data
Whether working indoors or outdoors, on the ground or underground, workers are faced with different environmental conditions, such as the high temperature of smelting operation, the high humidity of underground operation, the cold of open-air operation, the noise and vibration of riveting operation and rock drilling operation, the dust of crushing operation, the toxic and harmful gases of chemical operation, the electromagnetic radiation of some operations, the lighting and color of working space, etc.
These environmental conditions directly or indirectly affect workers' work to varying degrees, which may reduce work efficiency, and may affect the operation of the whole system, endangering human safety and health.
The main influencing factors of working environment are: lighting, color, noise, vibration, temperature, humidity, air composition, electromagnetic radiation, etc. Only by improving these environmental factors can we ensure the safety and health of people and ensure the normal and efficient operation of the system.
The most basic task of working environment management is to keep the working environment clean and orderly, eliminate occupational hazards and prevent occupational diseases. Therefore, the core content of its management is how to improve the working environment and how to prevent occupational diseases.
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