2, from a technical point of view, security risk mainly refers to a person, object, event or compensation for the computer system resources, network system resources, confidentiality, integrity, availability or stability of factors such as harm
3, security risk is the possibility of loss of assets caused by external threats to the asset factors and inherent vulnerability of the asset, security risk assessment R = AVT ( 4) where: A indicates that the asset assessment
4, the possibility of an accident caused by one or some of the sources of danger and the combination of the consequences it will cause, known as security risk.
5, security risk is the threat to take advantage of the vulnerability of the system or asset and thus the possibility of direct or indirect damage to the organization's assets. If before than the "speed", then now than the "innovation"
Question 2: What is the production safety risk Production safety risk is in the production process may occur with the labor operation closely related to, not to the will of the people for the transfer, sudden occurrence, may not be a security risk. The safety risk is the factors that may occur in the production process that are closely related to the labor operation, not transferable by human will, occur suddenly, and may cause harm to the employees, damage to the equipment or pollution of the environment.
Question 3: What are the substances with safety risks in the company? Maybe you don't know much about the basic theoretical things of enterprise safety
Risks are inherent
For the substances you mentioned, it can be said that any object in the company has safety risks.
In the past, we often thought of safety risks as something that should be emphasized only in production companies.
We used to think of safety risks in a narrow sense as something that should only be taken seriously by production companies. But the organization and management of companies also have safety risks.
For example: the use of a computer, a printer, a cell phone has the risk of electric shock, a pair of scissors, a stapler and even a piece of printing paper has the risk of cuts (20 types of risk belonging to other categories), a file box full of information has the risk of injury. This is the smallest easily overlooked area. The office area itself has a fire risk due to electrical wiring. Employee commuting has the risk of vehicle injury.
These are the basic **** risks of a managed business.
If it is a productive business, it depends on which type of business it is, and the specific problem is the specific risk.
The machinery industry favors the risk of mechanical injury to equipment, lifting, electrocution, billet object strikes and so on.
The warehousing business focuses on the risks of fire, electrocution, vehicles, lifting (loading and unloading), and so on.
The electric power industry may be even more on the risk of electrocution and work at height.
Oil drilling risk factors are even more.
The construction industry is also a lot of collapses, lifting injuries, work at height, etc.
Hazardous chemical industry is the biggest explosion, poisoning and asphyxiation.
Transportation industry is also vehicles, lifting, etc.
Extractive industries such as coal mining cover almost 20 categories of risk.
......
The above is just an example, you look at the different risk categories to cause risk sources to analyze the hazardous factors on the line (with the word to replace the substance in your question)
Question 4: What are the safety risks at the construction site, how to prevent According to the State Council, "the conditions for safe production management of construction projects," the relevant provisions of the relevant provisions, with reference to the GB 18218-2000 "major sources of danger Identification" of the relevant principles of the construction site for the identification of major sources of danger, is to strengthen the construction safety management, prevention of major accidents basic, urgent work, and this aspect of the work in some urban construction safety management has not yet attracted sufficient attention.
The main types of major sources of danger in construction sites
(a) Classification of major sources of danger
Construction of hazardous chemicals and pressure vessels used in the first category of sources of danger, unsafe human behavior, unsafe state of the material process and poor environmental conditions for the second category of sources of danger, the vast majority of hazardous and harmful factors of the construction site is the second category of sources of danger.
Construction site major sources of danger, according to the different places initially can be divided into construction site major sources of danger and construction facilities major sources of danger two categories. Identification of dangerous and harmful factors should be from the perspective of people, materials, machines, processes, environment, dynamic analysis, identification, evaluation of the types of dangerous and harmful factors that may exist and the degree of risk, so as to take corrective measures to manage.
(ii) construction site major sources of danger
1. The major sources of danger related to people are mainly unsafe human behavior
"Three violations", that is: violation of the rules of command, violation of the rules of operation, violation of labor discipline, concentrated in those who do not have a lot of experience on the construction site, the quality of the personnel is low. Statistical analysis of the causes of accidents shows that more than 70% of accidents are caused by "three violations".
2. Existing in the division, sub-processes, construction machinery operation process and material of the major sources of danger.
(1) scaffolding, templates and support, lifting cranes, material hoists, construction elevator installation and operation, manually dug piles, pit construction and other local structural engineering instability, resulting in mechanical equipment overturning, structural collapse, casualties and other accidents.
(2) construction of high-rise buildings or height greater than 2m work surface (including high altitude, four mouth, five edge operation), due to safety protection is not in place or safety pocket net accumulation of construction debris, personnel are not equipped with safety belts and other reasons, resulting in people stepping in the air, slipping and other fall from heights, fall or falling objects to hit the people below the accident.
(3) welding, metal cutting, impact drilling, rock drilling and other construction, as a result of temporary power leakage in the basement water and a variety of construction electrical equipment safety protection (such as leakage, insulation, grounding protection, a machine and a gate) does not meet the requirements, resulting in electrocution, localized fire and other accidents.
(4) project materials, components and equipment stacking and frequent lifting, handling and other processes, due to a variety of reasons such as stacking scattered, falling from a height, impact on personnel and other accidents.
3. Existing in the construction of the natural environment of the major sources of risk
(1) manually dug piles, tunnel boring, underground municipal engineering interfaces, indoor decoration, excavator operations, damage to underground gas pipelines, etc., due to poor ventilation and exhaust, resulting in asphyxiation or poisoning accidents.
(2) The construction of deep foundation pits, tunnels, subways, vertical shafts, and large pipe trenches, because of the instability and collapse of support, bracing and other facilities, not only cause damage to the construction site, casualties, but also cause the ground, the neighboring buildings and facilities tilting, subsidence, collapse, explosions and fires and other accidents. Pit excavation, artificial dug pile and other construction precipitation, resulting in uneven settlement of the surrounding buildings due to foundation tilting, cracking, collapse and other accidents.
(3) maritime construction operations due to natural meteorological conditions such as typhoons, floods, lightning, storm surges and other attacks, such as the capsize of the ship and other deaths, mass casualty accidents.
(C) Prostructural facilities major sources of danger
1. Kitchen and pro-construction dormitory safety spacing does not meet the requirements of the construction of flammable and explosive hazardous chemicals temporary storage or use does not meet the requirements of the protection is not in place, resulting in fires or asphyxiation and poisoning of personnel; site diet does not meet the standards of hygiene, resulting in collective poisoning or disease.
2. Temporary tents do not meet the requirements of safety spacing, fire accidents.
3. The wires are not connected, direct contact with the metal structure or steel pipe, electrocution and fire and other accidents.
4. Pro-construction facilities removed when the roof of the overall collapse, the operating personnel to step in the air, stepping on the virtual casualties caused by the accident. accounted for 22.6%, object strikes accounted for 14.3%, lifting injuries accounted for 8.1%, electrocution accounted for 5.9%, machinery injuries accounted for 5%, and the remaining types accounted for 4.6%.
Construction site major sources of danger remediation measures
(a) Construction ...... >>
Question 5: What are the security risks of e-commerce The following is a discussion of the network security issues that arise in e-commerce from the point of view of the technical means, from the different levels of system security and data security. 1. system security In e-commerce, network security generally includes the following two aspects: for an enterprise, first of all, the security of information and the security of the identity of the trader, but the prerequisite for information security is the security of the system. System security uses technologies and means such as redundancy technology, network isolation technology, access control technology, identity identification technology, encryption technology, monitoring and auditing technology, and security assessment technology. (1) Network System Network system security is caused by the openness, borderlessness and freedom of the network. The key to security solution is to make the protected network independent from the open, borderless and free environment, so that the network can become an internal system that can be controlled and managed, and since the network system is the foundation of the application system, the network security has become the first problem. The main ways to solve network security are: network redundancy - it is an important measure to solve the single point of failure of the network system. For critical network lines and equipment, double or multiple backups are usually used. Network operation of both sides of the operational status of mutual real-time monitoring well automatically adjusted, when a section of the network or a point of failure or network information traffic sudden change can be switched within an effective time allocation to ensure the normal operation of the network. System isolation - divided into physical isolation and logical isolation, mainly from the network security level considerations divided into reasonable network security boundaries, so that different security levels of the network or information media can not access each other, so as to achieve security purposes. VLAN technology and communication protocols are used to logically segregate business or office networks into different application subnets. Access control - for different trust domains of the network to achieve two-way control or limited access principles, so that the controlled subnet or host access rights and information flow can be effectively controlled. Specifically relative to the network objects need to address the control of network boundaries and internal network control, for network resources to maintain the principle of limited access, information flow can be realized according to the security needs of one-way or two-way control. Access control is the most important equipment is the firewall, which is generally placed at the entrance and exit of different points of domains, the IP information packets into and out of the network filtering and information flow control in accordance with corporate security policies, while realizing the network address translation, real-time information auditing warnings and other functions, advanced firewalls can also be realized based on the user's fine-grained access control. Identity identification - is the identification of network visitors' authority, generally through three ways to verify the identity of the subject, first, the subject understands the secret, such as user name password, key; second, the subject carries items, such as magnetic cards, IC cards, dynamic password cards and token cards; third, the subject's characteristics or capabilities, such as fingerprints, voice, retina, signature etc. Encryption is the most effective way to use encryption for online data in order to prevent eavesdropping, leakage, tampering and destruction on the network and to ensure the security of information transmission. At present, encryption can be realized at three levels, i.e. link layer encryption, network layer encryption and application layer encryption. Link encryption focuses on the communication link without considering the source and destination, and it is transparent to the high-level subjects of the network. Network layer encryption adopts IPSEC core protocol, which has the dual functions of encryption and authentication, and is a security standard realized at the IP layer. Through the network encryption can be constructed within the enterprise to consider the proposed private network, so that enterprises in less investment to get a greater return on security, and to ensure that the user's application security. Security Monitoring - Taking the way of information listening to look for unauthorized network access attempts and violations, including network system scanning, early warning, blocking, recording, tracking and so on, so as to find the system suffered from the attack damage. As the most effective technical means to deal with computer hackers, network scanning and monitoring system has the characteristics of real-time, self-adaptive, active identification and response, and is widely used in various industries. Network scanning detects and analyzes the security vulnerabilities of network devices, including network communication services, routers, firewalls, emails, WEB servers, etc., so as to identify the network vulnerabilities that can be exploited by intruders for illegal entry. The network scanning system forms a detailed report on the detected vulnerability information, including the location, detailed description and suggested improvement program, so that the network can detect and answer the security risk information. (2) Operating System The operating system is the core system for managing computer resources, responsible for information delivery, management, device storage space and scheduling of various system resources, it has versatility and ease of use as a software platform for the application system, operating system security since the relationship between the application system security, operating system security is divided into application security and security vulnerability scanning. Application security - application-oriented selection of a reliable operating system can be du ...... >>
Question 6: What are the threats to information security? External threats include network attacks, computer viruses, information warfare, information network terror, the use of computers to implement theft, fraud and other criminal activities such as threats.
Internal threats include malicious destruction by insiders, collusion between insiders and outsiders, abuse of power by managers, improper operation by executives, poor security awareness, internal management oversight, hardware and software defects, and threats posed by natural disasters such as lightning strikes, fires, floods, earthquakes, and so on.
Information content security threats include obscenity, pornography, gambling and harmful information, spam e-mail and other threats.
Threats caused by the vulnerability of the information network itself include the information input, processing, transmission, storage, and output process of the information is easy to be tampered with, forged, destroyed, stolen, leaked, and other insecurity factors; in the information network's own operating system, database, and communication protocols and other aspects of the existence of security holes, hidden channels and backdoors and other insecurity factors.
Other threats include, for example, the loss of large amounts of information due to damage to disk high-density storage, leakage of residual information in the storage medium, and leakage of information due to electromagnetic radiation generated by the work of computer equipment.
Question 7: What are the safety risks of electrical products? There are risks associated with the use of electrical products under any normal conditions of use or malfunction, and according to the types of accidents that may occur in electrical products, the safety risks can be summarized into three aspects: mechanical, electrical and chemical. The following and far from intelligent I sort out for you specifically what are the risks, in order to pay attention to the work in the future, to avoid accidents.
1. Mechanical risk
Mechanical risk, as the name implies, is the personal injury caused by the movement or dumping of the equipment in contact with the human body.
1) When the equipment or components are not well fixed, placed too high center of gravity, equipment tilt, etc., there is a risk of injury from tipping;
2) Moving parts are not effectively segregated, for example, contact with a higher power, higher speed fan may cause serious consequences;
3) Due to design and manufacturing defects, the edges of the equipment or components, the edges of the corners are too sharp, and the use of the staff scratches.
2. Risk of electric shock
The risk of electric shock from electrical equipment is a direct threat to the safety of the user, so the prevention of electric shock is the most basic requirement for all electrical products, and for this reason, any electrical product must have adequate anti-shock measures, such as a good grounding protection or zero protection.
3. Excessive temperature and fire
Excessive temperature will cause the aging of the insulation of electrical components, shorten the service life of electrical components, and reduce the reliability of electrical equipment, which may endanger the safety of people and property.
The high temperature of exposed components or materials can easily lead to fire. In addition, the high temperature of exposed components can also cause burns, especially exposed metal parts with good thermal conductivity.
In addition to the direct threat of combustion to the user's personal safety, but also threaten the safety of the surrounding environment, the fire combustion process of the toxicity of the secondary generators and corrosive directly threaten the life of the personnel on the scene, therefore, combustion has always been the design of electrical products must be carefully guarded against.
4. Radiation hazard
Radiation may cause harm to the human body, including electromagnetic radiation, acoustic radiation and optical radiation. As the application of electronic technology is becoming more and more popular, users of electronic and electrical products with the above sources of radiation may have no knowledge of the radiation, not to mention the awareness of protection.
5. Risk of explosion
High-pressure and vacuum states are at risk of explosion, electrical equipment may explode when subjected to high temperature, short circuit and other situations, the risk can not be ignored.
6. Chemical Risks
Contact with certain liquid hazardous chemicals (such as acids, alkalis, mercury) or their vapors, gaseous chemicals or smoke, salt spray, etc. can cause personal injury. Adequate protective measures must be considered when products contain or may generate such substances.
Question 8: What are the safety risks of chemical experiments Chemical experiments are conducted in accordance with the rules and regulations, if the violation of the operation results in unimaginable results. So it is better to follow the rules and regulations,
Question 9: What are the safety risks of working at heights, It is easy to forget or ignore many of the safety and health risks that we face at work, and there are times when our minds go blank and our bodies are in a state of complete unconsciousness. This is very dangerous for all jobs, and especially dangerous for work at heights.
Falls from height are currently the leading cause of workplace safety fatalities in the UK. In 2014, around 6,300 people died as a result of falls from height, accounting for roughly a third of all accident fatalities. The second leading cause of fatal accidents, falling from height, is not included here. Believe me, even the lightest tool can become heavy when dropped from a high enough height. These two types of accidents send an important message that you must be extremely careful in high places. Always keep an alert mind because even when we are in a clear enough frame of mind, accidents can still happen. So what measures should we take to minimize the risks involved in working at heights? When we prepare to work at height, we need to be clear about what we mean by "heights" in the first place. The UK's Safety and Health Executive suggests that an unprotected area at a height that can cause a worker to fall and be injured can be defined as 'work at height'. Because of the inherent risks associated with working at height, the best approach is to avoid working at height. This may require modifications to the design, or working on a lower working surface, such as a mobile work platform for ridge repairs. There are also some low-risk operations that are generally considered not to require any protective measures, such as operating a digger, which are also legally recognized as working at height.
Around three million people in the UK, work at height for long periods of time, and in many cases people have to work in the more dangerous jobs at height. So we need strong safety and health knowledge. Also, in some work-at-height jobs, workers have to perform many difficult maneuvers. So, for many workers, ladders, scaffolding, and other such facilities are the center of their daily activities.
For both workers and safety personnel, the main thing to do when working at heights where there are many occupational safety and health risks is to do a job risk assessment, which is to identify all the safety issues that could lead to a problem before the job is done. The process is certainly boring and lengthy, but it is far better than being in a hospital bed *** because of inadequate preparation.
No man is too far gone. In the UK, 700,000 working days are lost each year as a result of accidents of all kinds whilst working at height - a frightening figure for both employers and employees, but one that could have been avoided with a bit of forethought.
As a guide, it is still important to emphasize here what the regulations say. The Work at Heights Regulations 2005 state that all acts of work at height must be well planned, supervised, and reasonably actionable in compliance with the code. When a worker has to work at height, he is required to use protective equipment or measures to prevent falls, which are mainly used to reduce the distance of the fall. Location, equipment, weather and all other factors affect the risk level of working at heights. The manner in which the equipment is placed is also very important, for example, placing equipment on ice or on uneven ground can lead to a nightmare working experience, and these are all issues that need to be addressed in risk identification.
The first step must be to identify potential risks, such as accidents always happen when you lose your balance, slip and step over, and workers using high-pressure air-driven equipment are at risk of losing their balance from wind impact. Working on ladders, work platforms or scaffolding, in unprotected, breakable and cramped conditions, all require the use of different measures to prevent accidents. Let's also not forget that there are other people who will enter the workplace, and occasionally it happens that a person is injured by a tool falling from a height. That is why it is important that workers working at heights are highly skilled, knowledgeable and experienced.
An effective risk assessment requires many questions to be answered first, and these answers are summarized into a safe operating procedure. These questions are: who enters the area of operation? What risks will be faced? Which groups of people are at higher risk? What measures will address these risks? Are there regular inspections? As far as regular protocol is concerned, the boss must first check the floor, check the handrails, check the guardrails, and check the guards in all elevated work areas before working. If more than five workers are employed, the owner must keep a record of the above. The final stage is to briefly review the entire assessment process, as our work environment sometimes changes in ways that are not obvious. If there is an obvious change in the environment ...... >>
Question 10: What are the risks of travel During travel, there are four factors that can pose a risk to travelers: natural disasters, accidents, illness, and the loss and theft of baggage belongings and documents that often occur during travel.
(1) according to the object of risk can be divided into personal risk, property risk and liability risk;
(2) according to the cause of risk can be divided into natural risk, social risk and economic risk. These risks can occur from time to time in tourism activities.
For example, people will also be threatened by natural disasters in tourism activities, such as typhoons, earthquakes, storms, rain, snow, landslides and so on. In addition, tourists lose money and belongings, robbed by thugs incident, and even due to the tourists' own behavioral inadvertence and lead to fall, drowning and other accidents also occur from time to time. Travelers take the transportation, in the way may be due to a variety of accidents and met with untoward; in the accommodation period, may be due to facilities, security or their own reasons for personal or property losses; in tasting delicious food may be due to poor disinfection of utensils or food impurity caused by discomfort or food poisoning; in the tour may be due to the attractions of the facilities caused by the casualties, and so on.