BIM-based construction plan analysis framework design
1. Introduction
With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the construction industry is also at the key to upgrading and transformation. period. The current construction industry's demand for building entities no longer only pursues basic living, office, shopping and other functions, but pays more attention to the overall shape, comfort, convenience, informatization, or more intelligence of the building. According to reports, most of the strange-shaped buildings and super-high-rise buildings in the world are located in our country. These buildings with different styles not only bring artistic appreciation value to people’s lives, but also bring high technology to architectural design and construction. Require.
And as the country promotes a series of related architectural concepts such as green, environmental protection, and intelligence, higher requirements are also put forward for current architectural design and construction, such as how to place more buildings in a limited building space. There are too many mechanical and electrical equipment, etc., which will make it increasingly difficult for the relevant disciplines to cooperate in design and construction coordination. The traditional CAD two-dimensional model design and construction drawings have been difficult to meet the current needs to a large extent. Because of the asymmetry of information and the difficulty of sharing, it has led to a lot of rework and modification during the design and construction process. It increases the design and construction cost and seriously affects the progress. In the face of many strange and complex architectural designs, it is difficult to accurately express construction information solely by relying on CAD two-dimensional model drawings, which places increasing demands on the application of BIM.
At present, the application of BIM in large-scale domestic buildings such as Shanghai Center, Shenzhen Ping An, and the China Pavilion at the World Expo is mainly concentrated in the design stage. This kind of designer-centered design scheme is very important for the construction and construction equipment prefabrication stages. There are relatively few applications. The reason is not only that the relevant professional BIM designers lack on-site construction experience, but also do not give full play to the cross-platform and cross-stage characteristics of BIM, so that the determined plan still has changes and rework during the construction process. Using BIM technology to design the feasibility framework of the original building construction plan and conduct research and demonstration can not only improve the design quality, speed up the construction progress, enhance construction management, and reduce construction costs.
2. Advantages of BIM-based construction plan design
Since the current domestic BIM application is still in the design stage, only basic project inspections such as collision detection are carried out during the construction stage. Most projects use two-dimensional drawing design in CAD mode during design and construction. This mode still imposes a heavy computational load on designers. Moreover, during the design stage, each professional information is relatively independent and the information cannot be analyzed. Therefore, it is difficult to ensure that the final design plan does not make mistakes when guiding construction, which increases the time for later construction coordination. Repeated modifications not only increase the labor intensity but also delay the construction progress.
Independent designers’ lack of on-site construction experience often leads to situations where the designed drawings are not sufficient to guide actual on-site construction. For this reason, construction general contractors and professional subcontracting units need to Carry out further in-depth design of the original plan. When there are many systems and complex layouts, although the CAD drawings in two-dimensional mode reflect some parameters of the site, the changes in elevation of various bridges and pipelines and the intricate intersection with other professions can only be drawn in the mind of the designer. Then judge whether it is reasonable and whether there is a collision based on three-dimensional space imagination. This design model with the majority of subjective consciousness does not fully consider the building design specifications, construction specifications and the construction capabilities of relevant professional participants. Therefore, it only solves part of the pipeline collision problem.
3. Design based on BIM construction plan feasibility analysis framework
In the construction industry, the separation of architectural designers and construction personnel is the result of social division of labor. This division of labor is not only beneficial to The specialization of production in the construction industry has also led to higher technical levels in design and construction in their respective fields; however, it has also led to the emergence of problems, such as designers not understanding the site conditions and on-site construction process requirements. Another example is the introduction of smart buildings. The quantity and size of the equipment in the computer room have changed greatly, and the small space on site will cause many restrictions on the arrangement of the equipment in the computer room, which does not meet the standards. This not only affects the construction progress but also affects the construction cost.
How to apply construction process experience and construction knowledge to project planning, design, procurement and on-site operations to achieve the overall goal of the project and derive the most economical and optimized construction plan; in the early stage of the project, Project managers put forward planning requirements for manpower, material resources, time, etc., and contractors use their own advantages and construction experience to reflect them in the design plan to a certain extent, thereby not only avoiding waste but also reducing construction difficulties.
In order to fully improve the feasibility of BIM-based construction solutions, all parties involved in the construction need to work together and contribute their professional knowledge and work experience. BIM is a collaborative work platform that integrates design, construction, and management. Integrating with procurement, etc., we can simultaneously realize the feasibility study of the construction plan. The feasibility framework design of the construction plan is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Feasibility framework of construction plan based on BIM
2.1 BIM model design and inspection
The intervention of BIM technology must start from the three-dimensional model. In BIM In the design stage, BIM design engineers must build three-dimensional BIM models for each major based on the drawings of each major. It includes BIM architectural model, which mainly provides building space reference for construction parties; BIM structural model, which mainly provides structural space reference for related equipment, cables, bridges, etc.; BIM HVAC model, which can provide prefabrication and installation of some air ducts and air-conditioning water ducts. Installation, and can also guide actual construction and installation; BIM mechanical and electrical models (BIM strong electricity, BIM weak electricity), mainly provide flexible installation paths for on-site construction; BIM water supply and drainage models, mainly provide angles, sizes and spaces for gravity systems and pressure systems Location requirements, etc. The inspection mainly includes the inspection of collision of each pipeline, elevation and other related quantities.
2.2 Construction inspection
The BIM-based construction plan inspection is mainly carried out with each contractor or subcontracting unit as the core, and is carried out from the on-site construction conditions and construction capabilities as well as the construction technology. examine. The main inspection angles can be divided into: pipeline collision, construction process flow, maintenance space, equipment size, equipment shape and size, etc. At the same time, the construction party’s inspection focuses on: inspection of the equipment and layout of the computer room, tube well equipment, aisles where cables and pipelines are concentrated, and other key parts.
2.3 Actual measurement and actual quantity inspection
Actual measurement and actual quantity inspection is mainly aimed at errors accompanying civil construction. Within the maximum allowable error range, simulation experiments can be conducted during BIM design, and augmented reality technology can be used to reflect possible problems and guide actual construction.
Because the application of BIM in my country is still in its infancy - the design stage, it has not been able to make good use of its cross-platform and cross-stage advantages to provide guidance in the construction stage. The feasibility framework design of the construction plan based on BIM enhances the voice of the participating parties in the project construction process, and also strengthens the in-depth understanding and analysis of the original plan by all parties, and at the same time contributes the wisdom of all participating parties on this basis. and experience.
The design of the feasibility framework of the construction plan based on BIM comprehensively considers the opinions and needs of the owner, designer, contractor, subcontractor and other parties to ensure the optimal overall plan. It gives full play to the strengths of all parties, and also guarantees the quality and progress of the project. It fully utilizes the value of BIM and achieves perfect delivery of the project.
This article introduces the content of "BIM-based construction plan analysis framework design". Welcome to log in to Zhongda Consulting for more relevant information.
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