Near graduation, everyone's thesis is written, the following is a nursing opening report, I hope you have gained!
First, the title (title, title)
The title of the paper is the full text to the readers and editors and the first impression, the title of the paper is good or bad on the paper can be utilized has a pivotal role. A good title should be as far as possible in a complete sentence encompassing the three basic elements, namely, the object of study, the method of treatment and to achieve the target, so that readers and editors of the content of the paper research at a glance. For example: myocardial infarction patients (the object of study) thrombolytic therapy (treatment methods) monitoring indicators of observation and care (to achieve the target), these three elements are not sequential, according to the article focus on the introduction of the content of the adjustment and trade-offs, but no matter how to adjust, must directly reflect the content of the paper expressed. To use a limited number of words to express thousands of words of the content of the paper, so that the title to play the role of the eye-catching, it is necessary to learn to summarize, accurate, novel, concise expression of the theme of the skills, specific requirements:
l. Summary: that is, a short text encapsulates the content of the whole text, reflecting the full text of the essence of the whole text, so that people can look at the whole text of the meaning of a clear concept, intriguing, easy to remember.
2. Accuracy: the use of words should be in line with the standardization of medical words, accurately express the specific content of the paper, factually reflect the scope and depth of the study, so that the text should be relevant to the topic, the topic should be appropriate, to prevent the title of the article is too small or outdated words, such as? Lung Cancer Nursing? Lung cancer treatment can be done by various means, if this article is about the care of preventing the reaction of chemotherapy drugs during the chemotherapy of lung cancer, this proposition will seem to be too big and not specific and accurate enough. Hepatitis B surface antigen has been commonly expressed as hbsag in the international literature search, and then use? It is not appropriate to use this topic. It is not appropriate.
3. Novelty: the title must have characteristics and novelty, do not fall into the commonplace, to avoid the same title with the existing literature, but also to attract the attention of editors and readers. For example? The care of leukemia chemotherapy? , leukemia chemotherapy has formed a routine, the lack of novelty, and the content of the article observation is about leukemia chemotherapy during the emergence of cytolysis syndrome care, such as read: ? The care of cytolytic syndrome during leukemia chemotherapy? , it would be clearer and more novel.
4. concise: the title word should strive to be brief and concise, generally no more than 20 words, avoid lengthy and complicated, the word should be word for word, try to omit some non-specific words, such as ? The observation? The observation of? The study? etc., do not need to be written as a complete sentence type with subject, predicate and object. But should not be too general, too short, for example
5. Basic format: the title should be written in the center, generally do not have a sub-title, there is a need to set up a dash can be used to separate from the subject, should also be written in the center. Long title to return to the line should pay attention to the words or phrases of the complete, and written in the center, so that it is proportional and beautiful.
Second, the signature
1. unit signature: unit generally refers to the author engaged in the work of this paper unit. Unit signature should be marked with the full name of the province or city, to facilitate editing, readers and authors to contact. The number of unit signature is generally not more than 3, the location of the signature should be under the title, before the author's signature, written in the center, and with the author's signature to leave a space between. Before the name of the unit should also indicate the postal code.
2. Author signature: the author signature must comply with scientific ethics, seek truth from facts, signature is not only a kind of honor, more importantly, is responsible for the content of the article. The author of the paper generally refers to the following people: (l) the subject of the proposer and designer; (2) the main implementation of the subject of the study; (3) data collection and statistical processing of personnel; (4) the main writing and revision of the paper; (5) the main content of the paper can take full responsibility, and can give a comprehensive explanation and defense of the personnel.
3. Attention to signatures: (l) the number of authors of each article generally not more than six people, and to participate in the main workers as a limit; (2) the order of authors, depending on the size of their contribution to the work. Usually the first author should be the main design of the research work, the implementation and the main author of the paper. The authors should not engage in unproductive titling or take care of the relationship. When the order of authorship is in dispute, changes should be made only with the consent of the lead author. The supervisor is usually listed at the end, or at the end of the text note ? Acknowledgments? , but all need to obtain my consent; (3) before the publication of the paper, the participants in the research, such as has been transferred to other units (such as advanced training personnel, etc.), can be added at the end of the signature in the upper right corner of the symbol, and in the footnotes on the same page; (4) the signature must be used in the real name. No pseudonym, pseudonym and pseudonym, to show that the responsibility for the text, such as collective results, should be at the end of the text before the references, write the author or organizer's name, so that readers can consult and contact.
Third, the executive summary
The executive summary is generally placed before the main text, the main role is to provide information to facilitate the reader in the shortest possible time to do a general understanding of the content of the paper to decide whether there is a need to read the full text, but also to facilitate the literature search. 1. The executive summary should briefly summarize the purpose of the study (the purpose of the study and the problem to be solved), the basic steps and methods (the object of the study, the research approach, the scope of the experiment, the method of analysis, etc.), the main findings (the important data and their statistical significance) and conclusions (the key arguments), as well as the lessons learned and the value of the application. It highlights the innovations and findings of the research work, reflecting the most distinctive elements and unique features of the study.
2. It is not appropriate to write a synopsis with lists, charts, or citations. Generally not divided into paragraphs, the content can be independent of the chapter, the text is generally 100?200 words appropriate (5% of the full text). General nursing science and technology manuscripts, such as summaries of work experience, case reports, short reports, etc. generally do not write a synopsis. Write a summary of the end of the text is no longer written summary.
3. Summary should be placed under the signature, before the text, written with the positive side of the difference, ? Summary? The two words are written in top space, leaving a space after the content of the summary.
Nursing opening statement sample 2:First, the design (thesis) based on and research significance:
Infant touch is through the health care personnel or parents of infants non-specific parts of the skin to apply a gentle caress, it is a kind of love transfer method, can increase the newborn's emotional quotient index, and at the same time, to create a warm family atmosphere, is a guarantee of the child's healthy growth. Caressing can increase chest and abdominal muscle exercise, promote blood circulation throughout the body, and increase cardiopulmonary capacity. Its low cost and easy to grasp, has been widely recognized by experts at home and abroad.
1, the main research content:
Understanding the research progress of infant touch care, through the health care workers or parents hands on infants scientific gentle caress, so that a large number of mild and good stimulation, through the skin's receptive organs to the central nervous system. As a result, good physiological effects are produced, making infants feel safe, comfortable, emotionally stable, and reducing anxiety and irritability. In the process of comfortable touch, the mother's smiling face, kind language, pleasant emotions, mother and child affectionate communication and transmission of this good stimulation effect on the newborn, so that infants get emotional, physiological satisfaction and psychological comfort, so that the physical and mental development of healthier.
2, the expected goal:
Third, the design (thesis) of the research focus and difficulties:
1, the focus of the research:
Understand the progress of research on infant touch care, to promote the physical and mental health development of infants.
2. Research Difficulties:
To be able to use the scientific method of infant touch massage, to strengthen the training of personnel, and to improve the development of physical and mental health of infants and young children in the whole society.
Nursing opening report sample 3:I. Thesis basis
(including the purpose and significance of the study, analysis of the current status of research at home and abroad, with major references and sources)
Related concepts:
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM): refers to the first time a woman without a history of diabetes mellitus was found to have varying degrees of impaired glucose tolerance during pregnancy, which is a special type of diabetes. It is a special type of diabetes. Clinical data show that GDM accounts for 1% to 5% of pregnant women, and is one of the common complications of pregnancy, easily causing maternal infection, preterm labor, amniotic fluid overload, hypertension, ketoacidosis, etc. It can also cause fetal malformations, megaplasia, and intrauterine fetal developmental retardation, which is a serious danger to the health of mothers and infants. Nursing intervention: a method of treating disease through the use of nursing measures.
Purpose and significance of the study:
To analyze the effect of prenatal nursing intervention on complications of gestational diabetes mellitus. Gestational diabetes mellitus, a relatively common obstetric complication, poses a threat to maternal as well as fetal health, so the adverse pregnancy outcomes and blood glucose levels are closely related. Therefore, proper screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus, rational treatment and effective care are of great significance to the safety of the mother and the fetus. Gestational diabetes mellitus is a serious and complex condition that is exacerbated by the process of pregnancy. Patients with gestational diabetes are at risk for preterm labor, fetal malformations, ketoacidosis, and miscarriage during pregnancy. At the same time, the safety of the mother and the baby is not guaranteed. Therefore, healthcare professionals must strengthen the care of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus to ensure the safety of mothers and infants, and reduce the incidence of complications, so that the health of mothers and fetuses can be ensured. 3.
Analysis of the current status of research at home and abroad:
Domestically, first of all, the research and weight of the various regions in this area is not balanced, there are some areas, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, these areas, gestational diabetes has been carried out a number of systematic management, whether it is from the diagnosis, treatment, and postpartum follow-up, have been done in a more systematic way. In some other regions, the concept of gestational diabetes mellitus is still not very clear, and screening tests for gestational diabetes mellitus have not even been conducted. So this is a sign of imbalance. On the other hand, the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus is also uneven throughout the country. Of course, there are some units conducting some basic research, such as exploring the etiology of gestational diabetes, such as inflammation, tumor necrosis factor, and adipokines, which may be related to insulin resistance, because we now know that insulin resistance may be a cause of gestational diabetes. This is the current situation in China. Foreign research on gestational diabetes mellitus may be relatively more from the basic aspect, mainly to study the causes of gestational diabetes mellitus, may be from the molecular biology aspects of some of the discussion, do more is that they pay more attention to the glycemic control of good or bad in pregnancy, with the future of the child adult or childhood or even pre-school age, adolescence, or childbearing age until the middle-aged old age, his long-term impact on the problem. We have also been slowly increasing the impact of blood glucose control during the last few years in China. In recent years, we have slowly accepted a theory in China called the Doha theory, which refers to the fetal origin of adult diseases. From the piece of gestational diabetes, this aspect, some relevant research has been carried out. In recent years, there have been a lot of conferences around the world, and we've introduced this idea into the country, so now there are some units in the country that are engaged in related research.
Main references and sources:
1 Zheng Yuqiao, Gestational diabetes mellitus quietly climbing [J], Medicine World. 2007,(10):44. 2 Han Jingyan, Talking about the care of gestational diabetes mellitus patients [J], China Medical Frontier. 2009.8(4):126-127. 3 Lv Lizhen et al, Dietary management on gestational diabetes mellitus [J ], International Journal of Nursing, 2006,(7):96. 4 Hu Fengchan, 28 cases of gestational diabetes mellitus. Journal of Community Medicine, 2010, 8:69-70. 5 Li Mingzi. Nursing care and management of patients with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Nurse Advancement, 2008, 23:676. 6 Xiao Libo. Nursing experience of gestational diabetes mellitus patients. China Urban and Rural Enterprise Health, 2010, 2:61 7 Chen Haozhu. Practical internal medicine [M] . Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2005:1054. 8 Xiao Libo. Nursing experience of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus[J] . China Urban and Rural Enterprise Health, 2010(4): 1. 9 Xia Haiou. Obstetrics and gynecology nursing [M] . Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2001.36. 10 Yang Huixia, Dong Yue. Enhancing clinical research on gestational diabetes mellitus[J] . Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2003, 19. 11 Li Mingzi. Nursing care of diabetic patients in the perioperative period[J] . Journal of Nursing Advancement, 2008, 23: 101. 1 12 Le J. Obstetrics and gynecology [M]. 7th ed. Beijing:People's Health Publishing House,2008:31. 13 Wang Weijun,Cui Yongyi. Analysis of emotional state and risk factors of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus[J]. China Maternal and Child Health Care,2004,19(9):46. 14 Feng Youji,Shen Cong. Obstetrics and gynecology[M]. Beijing:People's Health Publishing House,2007:133-135.
Second, the research program 1. (2) Research subjects: stratified sampling method and selected 84 cases hospitalized in Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. Inclusion criteria: ①. Age 24 to 36 years old, mean age 27.5 years old. The average age was 27.5 years. 52 cases were primigravida and 32 cases were menstruating, and the gestational weeks were between 25 and 42 weeks. ②. 50 g glucose load test: 1 h blood glucose 7.8 mmol/L and fasting blood glucose 5.8 mmol/L. ③. No other serious diseases, family history or complications. ④. Voluntary participation in the study. (3) Research content: 84 patients were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, the control group used conventional nursing care, the experimental group on the basis of conventional nursing care nursing interventions, and compare the occurrence of postpartum complications in the two groups. (4) Nursing intervention methods: ①. Psychological care: most of the pregnant women showed nervousness and anxiety after learning that they had GDM, mainly because they were worried about the safety of the fetus in the uterus, so their psychological pressure was greater than normal pregnant women. 25.6% of GDM patients had anxiety and depression, especially anxiety and anxiety levels were higher than those of normal pregnant women. Nurses should be concerned about the patient, establish a good nurse-patient relationship, take the initiative to communicate with the patient, health education for pregnant women and their families, explaining that diabetes is only temporary and can be cured with treatment, so that they realize that
Good glycemic control will prevent the occurrence of complications in mothers and infants, maintain a good state of mind and actively cooperate with the doctor to do a good job in the various examinations and treatments. ②. Dietary care: In addition to the same nutritional requirements as normal pregnant women, GDM patients should strengthen the control of diet, which is one of the key aspects of treatment. A full-time dietitian is used to counsel pregnant women in the experimental group on nutrition, and provide personalized nutritional guidance at the same time. The postprandial blood glucose of pregnant women is controlled to be below 8mmol/L, and the total calories are supplied at 30-35kCal/kg per day, with carbohydrates accounting for 50%-55%, proteins 20%, and fats 20%-30%. Pregnant women should eat 4 to 6 times a day, and to ensure that the baby's needs are met and to prevent hypoglycemia at night, they should eat once before going to bed. Choose fruits with low sugar content such as apples, pears, oranges, etc. for pregnant women to eat between meals. ③. Blood glucose control: Teach pregnant women in the experimental group the method of self-monitoring of blood glucose, use microglucose meter to monitor the blood glucose before or 2h after meal and before bedtime, and keep a record. Adjust the diet according to the situation. Pay attention to the monitoring of pregnant women's renal function, glycated hemoglobin content, pay attention to the monitoring of pregnant women's blood pressure, edema, urine protein. ④. Exercise therapy: The pregnant women in the experimental group should be given appropriate exercise therapy. Appropriate exercise can enhance the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, which is conducive to the control of blood glucose and body weight. Exercise can enhance the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, which is conducive to controlling blood glucose and body weight. For pregnant women in the experimental group, after resting for one hour after meals, half an hour to one hour walking time is arranged, and the walking distance is more than 1km and less than 2km. The medical personnel should pay attention to preventing hypoglycemia during exercise. ⑤. Pharmacological care: blood glucose control is essential to reduce maternal and infant complications and improve perinatal survival rate. when the effect of dietary control of blood glucose in GDM patients is not good, insulin treatment is routinely used and oral hypoglycemic drugs are prohibited. Since there are individual differences in the sensitivity of pregnant women to insulin, insulin dosage should be adjusted according to their own blood glucose level to achieve individualization of insulin dosage. ⑥. Puerperal care: closely monitor the changes of maternal vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, temperature, etc., do regular measurements, accurate records, maintain fluid balance, blood glucose and urine ketone body are measured 1 time/2 h, Neosporin perineal scrub 2 times/d, prevent urinary tract infection, and give antibiotics to prevent postpartum infections when necessary. (5) Research tools: observe the neonatal complications (hypoglycemia, intrauterine distress, macrosomia, neonatal jaundice) and maternal complications (infection, intrauterine distress, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean section) in the two groups, and the control of maternal blood glucose before 36 weeks: blood glucose less than 6.7 mmol/L 2 h after meal, fasting blood glucose less than 5.6 mmol/L is considered effective. (6) Method of data collection: Questionnaire method. The questionnaires were distributed and finally collected by the head nurse. (7) Statistical analysis method: SPSS 13.0 statistical software was applied to process the data obtained, t-test was used to measure the data, and chi-square test was used to count the data, and P<0.05 was taken as the difference was statistically significant.
2. The stage plan of the study:
2012.09.10?2012.10.01: Selection of the topic, literature search, research design, questionnaire design 2012.10.02?2012.10.22: Collection of research data, pre-survey, distribution of questionnaires 2012.10.23?2012.11.12: Collection of questionnaires, data analysis
The study was conducted in the following stages: 2012.09.10? Data analysis
2012.11.13?2012.12.01: dissertation writing and defense
3. Expected outcomes of the study: