Digital medical equipment
Digital imaging equipment, such as CT, MRI, CR, DR, ECT, etc., is the main component of digital medical equipment. Most of them have standard interfaces that conform to DICOM3.0, which mainly stipulates the formats of digital medical images and related information and their information exchange methods. They can collect image data directly from the digital interface, and it is easier to connect with PACS. For the digital equipment used in the early days, because there is no standard DICOM interface, the digital formats and compression methods of different manufacturers are different, so it is necessary to solve the interface problem before connecting. For the acquisition of analog images, the recent DICOM standard also has corresponding provisions. With the continuous popularization and application of DICOM3.0 interface and the establishment of international industry standard HL7(Health Level7, which mainly regulates the electronic data exchange standard in medical environment), the medical equipment produced by different manufacturers in the past can be organically linked, and can also be integrated with HIS, thus truly forming an information sharing network, realizing digitalization and facilitating the inquiry and call of clinical departments.
application software system
hospital information system
It is an important part of digital medical treatment, which can make clinical departments process and use all kinds of clinical medical data more conveniently and quickly, such as patients' doctor's orders, course records, drugs, test results, medical expenses and so on. HIS should include the following subsystems: outpatient base charge management, pharmacy management, pharmacy management, admission management, ward doctor's advice management, electronic pathology management, test result management, etc. At present, the No.1 Military Project and the Jinwei Project used in hospitals are examples of successful application of this system.
Image archiving and communication system (PACS)
It is a combination of clinical medicine, medical imaging, digital imaging technology, computer technology and network communication technology. It converts medical information into digital form that can be recognized by computer, and through computer and network communication equipment, it completes the functions of collection, storage, processing and transmission of medical image information and corresponding information (data), so that medical information resources can be shared and fully applied. It enables clinicians to quickly and accurately obtain the required medical image information and related medical image diagnosis reports, medical records, medical records, clinical examinations (laboratory tests), reports, treatment records and other information, as well as inquire about the image information of various imaging devices related to medical images, so as to comprehensively analyze medical images, make a clear diagnosis and draw up appropriate treatment plans.
Radiological information system (RIS)
Mainly used in radiology management, patient arrangement, photo retrieval and recording. A complete RIS includes all written information records from the patient's entry into the radiology department, the daily work management of the radiology department, the statistics of cases and the needs of scientific research.
The relationship between HIS, PACS and RIS
HIS and RIS save demographic information and clinical data of patients, and also save and transmit patients' graphics, that is, image data. PACS mainly saves the patient's image data, and at the same time, it also uses the existing patient information in HIS and RIS, which can avoid repeated input and reduce the occurrence of errors. When writing diagnosis report and review, the workstation can display various clinical data of patients in HIS and RIS while displaying patient images. Clinicians can also see the patient's examination images in HIS and enjoy the information.
During imaging examination, patient data are transmitted from HIS and RIS to PACS. For patients who have undergone image examination, with the arrival of patient information, PACS can retrieve long-term preserved images and transmit them to the workstation where the report is written, which is convenient for comparison. After the examination is completed, the image and diagnosis report are immediately sent back to HIS and RIS, which can be seen by clinicians immediately.
Telemedicine
Telemedicine is the product of the combination of medicine and communication technology. It refers to a service mode in which medical institutions in different places provide medical care and support for participants in mutual space by using electronic information technology and modern remote communication technology. It includes remote medical teaching, remote medical information retrieval, remote consultation and remote preventive medical teaching. It comprehensively uses a series of modern communication technologies, such as satellite transmission, optical fiber communication, television transmission and so on, combined with computer image processing technology, so that patients and doctors who are thousands of miles apart can communicate face to face through two-way synchronous dynamic image and voice transmission system.