Stacked/rowed 2D barcode
Rowed 2D barcode
Two-dimensional barcode (also known as: stacked 2D barcode or layer-rowed 2D barcode), whose coding principle is based on one-dimensional barcode, is stacked to form two rows or more rows according to the need. It inherits some features of 1D barcode in terms of coding design, checking principle, reading method, etc. The reading equipment and barcode printing are compatible with 1D barcode technology. However, due to the increase in the number of rows, it is necessary to determine the rows, and its decoding algorithm and software are not exactly the same as that of 1D barcode. Representative rows of two-dimensional bar code CODE49, CODE 16K, PDF417 and so on. CODE49, which was developed by Dr. David Allair in 1987, Intermec launched the first two-dimensional bar code. Code 49 bar code Code 49 is a multi-layer, continuous, variable-length bar code symbology, which can represent all 128 ASCII characters. Each Code 49 barcode symbol consists of 2 to 8 layers, with 18 bars and 17 spaces per layer. The layers are separated from each other by a layer separator bar. Each layer contains a layer identifier and the last layer contains information indicating the number of layers in the symbol. Code 16K Barcode In 1988 Ted Williams of Laserlight Systems, Inc. introduced the second 2D barcode, Code 16K. The Code 16K barcode is a multi-layer, continuous variable-length barcode symbology that represents the full ASCII character set of 128 characters as well as extended ASCII characters. It uses UPC and Code128 characters. A 16-layer Code 16K symbology can represent up to 77 ASCII characters or 154 numeric characters. 16K identifies the layer with a unique start/stop character, and is error-checked with a character self-check and two modulo 107 check characters.
Matrix 2D codes
Short-array 2D barcodes (also known as checkerboard 2D barcodes) are encoded in a rectangular space with different distributions of black and white pixels in a matrix. In the corresponding element position of the matrix, the appearance of the point (square point, round point or other shapes) indicates the binary "1", the point does not appear to indicate the binary "0", the arrangement of the point combinations to determine the meaning of the matrix two-dimensional barcode represents. Matrix two-dimensional bar code is built on the basis of computer image processing technology, the principle of combinatorial coding, a new type of graphic symbols automatically read and process the code system. The representative matrix two-dimensional bar code has: Code One, Maxi Code, QR Code, Data Matrix and so on. In the dozens of two-dimensional code, commonly used code system: PDF417 two-dimensional bar code, Datamatrix two-dimensional bar code, Maxicode two-dimensional bar code, QR Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code one, etc. In addition to these common two-dimensional bar code, there are also Vericode bar code, CP bar code, Codablock F barcode, Field Code, Ultracode barcode, Aztec barcode, in addition to these common 2D barcodes.
Edit paragraph reading equipment
A. 2D barcode reading equipment can be divided into different reading principles: (1) Linear CCD and linear image type reader (Linear Imager) can read one-dimensional barcodes and linear stacked two-dimensional code (such as PDF417), in reading two-dimensional code needs to be swept along the vertical direction of the bar code throughout the entire bar code, we call the We call it "Sweeping Reading". These products are cheaper. (2) Laser reader with grating Can read 1D barcode and linear stacked 2D code. Read two-dimensional code when the light will be aimed at the bar code, the grating element to complete the vertical scanning, do not need to be manually swept. (3) Image Reader (Image Reader) The barcode image is taken by surface array CCD camera and then analyzed and decoded, which can read 1D barcode and all types of 2D barcode. B. Two-dimensional bar code reading equipment can be divided into: handheld, fixed according to the different ways of work. Handheld: that is, two-dimensional code scanner. Can scan PDF417, QR code, DM code two-dimensional bar code scanner, such as Symbol's DS6707.DS6708 and so on. Fixed: that is, QR code reader, desktop, non-handheld, on the table or fixed in the terminal equipment, such as SUMLUNG's SL-QC15S and so on. The QR code printed on paper and the QR code on the cell phone screen can be recognized, so it is widely used in the field of e-ticketing, e-coupon, membership system, cell phone QR code boarding and so on. Handheld DS6707
SUMLUNG Barcode Scanner
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Edit paragraph reading equipment
2D barcode reading equipment can be divided into different according to the principle of reading: (1) Linear CCD and Linear Imager (Linear Imager) can read one-dimensional barcodes and line rows of 2D barcodes (such as). PDF417), in the reading of two-dimensional bar code needs to be swept along the vertical direction of the bar code throughout the bar code, also known as "sweeping reading", the price of these products is relatively inexpensive. (2) Laser reader with grating can read 1D barcode and 2D barcode in rows. Read two-dimensional code when the scanning light will be directed at the bar code, the grating components to complete the vertical scanning, do not need to manually sweep. (3) Image Reader The barcode image is captured and analyzed and decoded by the surface array CCD camera, which can read one-dimensional barcode and two-dimensional barcode. In addition, two-dimensional bar code reading equipment can be divided into different ways of work: handheld, fixed and flat scanning type. Two-dimensional bar code reading equipment for two-dimensional bar code reading will have some restrictions, but can recognize one-dimensional bar code.
Edit paragraph quality inspection
Whether it is a 1-dimensional bar code or two-dimensional bar code in circulation will inevitably be defaced, deformed and so on. Even 2D barcode
in the printing process can not fundamentally to ensure its printing quality. In order to ensure the readability of 2D barcodes in circulation, after the barcode is printed, the barcode must be tested to assess its quality level. For 2D barcode, there are two international standards, ISO15416 and ISO15426-2, to assess the quality. The grades of the assessment range from A to F. At present, the two international standards can meet the two-dimensional bar code inspection equipment only a few, including the United States WEBSCAN WEBSCAN company's TRUCHECK is the most typical, can be regarded as a representative of the industry. The newly established WEBSCAN China Technical Service Center reflects the importance it attaches to the GS1 Chinese market and is the inevitable result of the implementation of GS1 in China. The following is a brief introduction to the 2D barcode quality inspection equipment from Webersporgen: (1) Trucheck 101 series: for the inspection of commonly used 1D barcodes, such as code 93, code 128, EUA, etc.; (2) Trucheck 201 series: for the inspection of all 1D barcodes, and for the inspection of some 2D barcodes, such as RSS, PDF417; (3) Trucheck 401 series: for the inspection of all 2D barcodes, such as code 93, code 128, EUA, etc. (3) Trucheck 401 series: for all 1D barcode and all 2D barcode detection.
Edit this section of the bar code development
Foreign research on two-dimensional bar code technology began in the late 1980s. In the two-dimensional bar code symbology representation technology research, has developed a variety of code systems, common DF417, QR Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code One and so on. The density of these two-dimensional barcodes are greater than the traditional one-dimensional barcode has improved, such as PDF417 information density is more than 20 times the one-dimensional barcode Code39. In the two-dimensional bar code standardization research, the International Association of Automatic Identification Manufacturers (AIM), the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) has completed the PDF417, QR Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code One and other code systems such as the symbology standard. The newly established International Organization for Standardization - International Electrotechnical Commission Joint Committee I of the thirty-first sub-committee, that is, the bar code automatic identification technical committee (ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC31), has formulated the international standard of QR Code (ISO/IEC 18004: 2000 "The"). Automatic Identification and Data Collection Techniques - Technical Specification for Barcode Symbologies - QR Code", and drafted ISO/IEC standards for two-dimensional barcodes such as PDF417, Code 16K, Data Matrix, Maxi Code, and so on. In addition, he has drafted ISO/IEC standards for PDF417, Code 16K, Data Matrix, Maxi Code, etc. In the two-dimensional bar code equipment development and development, production, the United States, Japan and other countries in the equipment manufacturers to produce reading equipment, symbol generation equipment, has been widely used in various types of two-dimensional bar code application system. As a brand-new information storage, transmission and recognition technology, 2D barcode has gained the attention of many countries in the world since its birth. The United States, Germany, Japan, Mexico, Egypt, Colombia, Bahrain, Singapore, the Philippines, South Africa, Canada and other countries, not only has 2D barcode technology applied to public security, foreign affairs, military and other departments of all kinds of documents management, but also 2D barcode applied to customs, tax and other departments of all kinds of statements and bills management, business, transportation and other departments of goods and goods transportation management, postal The two-dimensional bar code is also applied to the management of various kinds of reports and bills in customs, taxation and other departments, the management of commodity and goods transportation in commerce and transportation, the management of postal parcels in postal service, and the automation management of industrial production lines in industrial production. China's research on 2D barcode technology began in 1993. China Article Numbering Center has translated and tracked the technical specifications of several commonly used 2D barcodes PDF417, QR Code, Data Matrix, Maxi Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code One. With the continuous improvement of China's market economy and the rapid development of information technology, the domestic research and demand for the new technology of 2D barcode is increasing day by day. For example, Syscan's barcode recognition subsystem adopts the CIS image sensing technology with independent intellectual property rights, together with the self-developed CompactMatrix 2D barcode, which overcomes the patent barriers in terms of hardware and software, and effectively reduces the cost of the 2D barcode recognition subsystem. Longbei 2D barcode system has a full set of independent intellectual property rights including the underlying core technology, which fills the blank in China. With the strong support of the former State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision and relevant state departments, China Article Numbering Center has been deepening its research on 2D barcode technology. On the basis of digesting relevant foreign technical information, it has formulated two national standards of 2D barcode: GB/T 17172-1997 "Four-one-seven Barcode", GB/T 18284-2000 "Fast Response Matrix Code". The Chinese standards about Longbei 2D barcode and Silicon Sense 2D barcode are in the process of formulation. In order to make the 2D barcode technology can be applied in the field of license management in China, on the basis of foreign application software platform, the center has developed portrait photo and fingerprint data compression software. Two-dimensional bar code technology has been applied in China's automated production lines in the automobile industry, medical emergency service cards, charges for foreign-related patent cases, management of jewelry and jade ornaments, and bank drafts; and two-dimensional bar code technology was successfully applied in the accompanying personnel's ID cards, press cards, and bystander's ID cards during the Ninth Plenary Session of the National People's Congress (NPC) and the Ninth Plenary Session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), which were held in March 1999 in Beijing. It aroused great concern among the delegates and the press. China's Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) has applied the 2D barcode on the passport of the Special Administrative Region (SAR). For our self-developed Longbei 2D barcode and CM 2D barcode application has been reported, it will be widely used in all kinds of certificates with high security requirements, postal services, production lines, warehousing, goods distribution and other fields with high synchronization requirements of logistics and information flow, as well as banking, industry and commerce, taxation, customs and other departments with high management requirements. The Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC) has started to adopt Longbe 2D barcode in the security anti-counterfeiting system of motor vehicle driver's license in 127 airports nationwide. The DragonBeam 2D barcode for the Civil Aviation of China driver's license is equipped with a 24-bit all-natural color facial photo biometric device with an area of only 6.0 centimeters, and has an information density 24.55 times higher than that of the 2D barcode technology used in the U.S. military ID card, and 66.26 times higher than that of the most advanced U.S. driver's license for the state of Kentucky. The CM 2D barcode and the corresponding reading technology developed by Syscan with completely independent intellectual property rights have a maximum information storage capacity of 32KB in its key, which makes it possible to encode and store more information such as avatar, fingerprints, voice, palm prints, etc. using this technology, and it can accommodate high information density, strong error correction capability and high reliability of decoding, coupled with the company's use of the unique CIS image sensing patented technology, so that its reading equipment has a very high price competitiveness. The 40 U.S. state driver's license production is expected to fully adopt China's CM two-dimensional bar code (CompactMatrix) technology, but also with Mexico reached its national ID card to use this technology to promote the application of intent.
Edit this section of the bar code features
1. High-density encoding, information capacity: can accommodate up to 1850 capital letters or 2710 numbers or 1108 bytes, or more than 500 Chinese characters, than the ordinary bar code information capacity is about dozens of times higher. 2. 2. Wide range of encoding: the barcode can encode the information that can be digitized such as picture, sound, text, signature, fingerprints, etc., and express it by barcode; it can express a variety of language characters; it can express image data. 3. Strong fault tolerance, error correction function: this makes the two-dimensional bar code due to perforation, dirt and other causes of local damage, as always, can be read correctly, the damage area of up to 50% can still be restored to the information. 4. High reliability of decoding: it is much lower than the ordinary bar code decoding error rate of two millionths, the error rate is not more than one ten millionth. 5. Encryption measures can be introduced: confidentiality, good security. 6. Low cost, easy to produce, durable. 7. Barcode symbol shape, size and scale variable. 8. Two-dimensional bar code can be read using a laser or CCD reader. 9. Can be photocopied and faxed.
Edit this section of the bar code applications
2D bar code has a large storage capacity, high confidentiality, high tracking, high damage resistance, ready to assist the large, inexpensive cost and other characteristics, these characteristics are particularly suitable for forms, security, tracking, certificates, inventory, information preparedness and so on.
Forms Application
Transmission and exchange of official forms, business forms, import and export declarations, manifests, etc. reduces the need for manual re-entry of forms, avoids human error, and reduces labor costs
Secrecy Application
Encryption and transmission of business, economic, political, military, and private information.
Tracking Applications
Automatic tracking of official documents, automatic tracking of production line parts, automatic tracking of customer service, automatic tracking of mail order delivery, automatic tracking of maintenance records, automatic tracking of hazardous materials, automatic tracking of logistic supplies, automatic tracking of medical checkups, and automatic tracking of ecological research (animals, birds, etc.). Automatic tracking and tracing, and so on.
License application
Passport, ID card, registration card, driver's license, membership card, identification card, chain store membership card, and other licenses are registered and automatically entered to achieve "read-on-demand" and "instant access" information management.
Inventory application
The automatic inventory of goods and fixed assets in logistics centers, warehousing centers, and logistics centers can achieve the effect of "immediate inventory and immediate decision-making".
Application of backup
If the information in the document form is unwilling or unable to be stored in electronic media such as diskette or CD-ROM for backup, 2D barcode can be used to store the backup, which is easy to carry, not afraid of folding, and can be preserved for a long time, and can be photocopied and faxed to make more backups.
Edit one-dimensional barcode
From the point of view of symbology, two-dimensional barcode and one-dimensional barcode are the means of information representation, carrying and reading. However, from the application point of view, although we can choose one of them to meet our needs in some specific occasions, their application focus is different: 1D barcode is used to identify the "item", and 2D barcode is used to describe the "item". EAN and UCC provide better automatic identification methods for very small product items (e.g. syringes, vials, telecommunication circuit boards), randomly measured retail items (e.g. meat, poultry and bagged produce), individual produce items (e.g. apples, oranges), and logistic units with insufficient space available to enhance all the information (e.g. content information of pallets for mixed trade items), while taking into account the characteristics of both code systems. Better automatic identification methods, developed RSS (REDUCED SPACE SYMBOLOGY) bar code symbology and EAN?UCC composite code. Characteristics such as large information capacity, high security, high read rate and high error correction capability are the main features of 2D barcode. Two-dimensional bar code: the bar code that stores information in two-dimensional space in horizontal and vertical directions is called two-dimensional bar code (2-dimensional bar code), which can directly display English, Chinese, numbers, symbols and patterns; large storage data capacity, 1K characters can be stored, and the content can be read directly by scanner without connecting to another database; high confidentiality (encrypted); the highest level of security, 50% of the damage can still be read with complete information. 50% can still read the complete information. One-dimensional bar code: One-dimensional bar code is only in one direction (usually horizontal) to express information, while in the vertical direction does not express any information, its certain height is usually to facilitate the alignment of the reader. The application of 1D barcode can improve the speed of information entry, reduce the error rate, can directly display the content of the English language, numbers, simple symbols; storage data is not much, mainly relying on the computer in the associated databases; confidentiality is not high; poor readability after the damage.