BYD R & D lithography, the possibility of zero, because there is no one enterprise can develop lithography alone, the world can not find such a company, lithography belongs to the perfect embodiment of the entire industrial embodiment of the country invested so much human resources, financial and material resources, and now there is no way to break through fourteen nanometers of photolithography, BYD even better than can not be done, so it is simply not possible! Things, BYD own R & D chip this can go to do, but said that their own development of photolithography is not possible.
Foxconn itself does not have the ability to develop photolithography, Foxconn is just a foundry, they do not count the technology company, Foxconn does not have the ability to develop photolithography, let alone 7 nanometer level, the world is only the Netherlands one, and the company is not their own ability, but with dozens of countries in the top of the science and technology companies to cooperate with the top of the companies from these companies to provide the most top-level assembly of parts, the world is not the best. The company's products have been assembled from accessories, and there is not a single company in the world that can successfully develop them alone.
A single country to develop photolithography is there, but the need for a more complete industrial system, such as Japan and the United States can develop their own 14-nanometer level photolithography, is the national support for the allocation of funds in order to do so, but also other scientific and technological companies to fully cooperate with the case, the need for the government to take the lead to do so, Foxconn's level can not even up to the poor, and BYD in fact, simply reach! Not to, but also far from it, photolithography can just let a foundry enterprises can develop, that those technology companies do not die of shame.
Thinking about our national efforts are still stuck on the threshold of the 22-nanometer level, BYD a company can do to break through the 7-nanometer level, coupled with the past, there is absolutely no accumulation of technology and experience in this area, as well as the talent and related industries, directly said that the top photolithography into the loss of the problem of people dare to say that it is not intentionally give BYD to invite the black well, BYD foundry industry is indeed one of the best in the country, but also the most important thing is that it can be used for the development of a new technology, which will help to improve the quality of life. The company's foundry industry is indeed one of the best in the country, but in terms of high-end technology innovation, there is still nothing to show for it.
Foxconn is also the same, compared with the real technology company is too far away, in the eyes of technology companies, OEM enterprises in fact, there is no technology content, to be honest, photolithography can be randomly let a company without any experience in this area of research and development success, that we will still be stuck for a long time, the United States and the Japanese national force has not been able to break through the 7-nanometer level of photolithography, BYD can be compared to the power of a country, BYD one of the companies. Compare to the power of a country? To know the Dutch lithography company's products are not theirs alone, but the results of the combined efforts of dozens of countries around the world, so don't bring up this kind of brainless fantasy, don't give the enterprise to invite the black.
BYD can seize Foxconn's market and not even rule out being replaced in the future, but this has nothing to do with the R&D of 7NM chips and photolithography.
Many people confuse Foxconn with TSMC, the one that produces chips is TSMC, currently TSMC is the world's largest chip foundry, and the most technologically advanced chip production enterprise, now can mass produce 5NM chips, is developing 3NM chips, including Apple, Qualcomm, Huawei, and other companies, high-end chips are all OEM by TSMC.
Foxconn, however, is nothing more than a foundry, producing cell phone assembly. Although Foxconn sees the prospect of the chip industry and the huge potential of the chip in the future, what Foxconn does is just the processing and assembly of thousands of parts and components for cell phones, and does not have the ability to design the chip, nor does it have the ability to foundry the chip wafers.
And BYD is a domestic automobile company, in recent years, vigorously develop new energy vehicles, but also in the lithium battery business has become a leading enterprise, there is BYD Electronics, cell phones and a variety of structural components for OEM, this part of the business, BYD is competitive with Foxconn, in addition to BYD, but also in the LiXun Precision is also growing, so there is no real core of irreplaceable company, so Foxconn is not replaced. The company, it is not impossible to be replaced.
But this has nothing to do with the 7NM chip, BYD also has no chip design power, no chip wafer foundry capacity, just a foundry, the largest chip design company in China is Huawei Haisi, the largest foundry is SMIC, and SMIC last year, just mass-produced 14NM, and now 7NM only to be able to trial production, and TSMC's gap is still evident, and if the SMIC is restricted, but also can not produce chips for Huawei.
SMIC, which specializes in semiconductor business, took decades to develop to the current level. And for BYD to re-enter the semiconductor business and start developing 7NM chips all at once, to catch up with TSMC is impossible in the short term. Moreover, even if BYD does foundry, with the fastest speed to catch up with SMIC, developed 7NM process, BYD does not have high-end EUV lithography for production.
At present, the high-end EUV lithography is produced by the Dutch company ASML, including TSMC does not have the ability to produce high-end lithography, TSMC and Samsung are from ASML to buy lithography, this is because lithography is the crystallization of the world's many countries **** the same, consisting of tens of thousands of parts and components, relying on a single company to make a single high-end EUV lithography directly is very high difficulty, our state-of-the-art lithography.
So, BYD wants to develop a 7NM chip and lithography, not impossible, but requires huge capital investment and long-term research accumulation, and BYD has other businesses, it is impossible to put all the resources into the semiconductor industry. China's semiconductor industry to get a comprehensive development, the need for the entire industry chain of all companies and the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other relevant institutions *** with the collaboration, in order to promote the chip industry as soon as possible to achieve autonomy.
Many people do not understand that foreigners can do what the Chinese can not do. In fact, careful study will find that there is no certain kneeling family imagined so far away. Photolithography machine three major components, that is, the most neck pinching extreme ultraviolet light source, grating, lens in fact, our country are in a certain basis, not a little bit.
First of all, the extreme ultraviolet light source, China is currently able to make a number of categories, but high-power extreme ultraviolet light source or not. Foreign countries to improve the power will be used for one or two years, so there is no such thing as a problem that can not be solved.
Plus lenses, our current civil really almost, but the military can not be bad, the world's best lens level is not Zeiss, precisely the United States, but the United States only to the military, civilian or lazy to do, not to do. We are the same, a little worse than the United States, but much stronger than no military use. There is no technical barrier to the conversion of military lenses to civilian use, the difference is only the cost.
Trouble in the grating, this is also the U.S. goods, our difference is quite a lot, but concentrated public relations, it is not impossible to solve the problem, the speed of the problem can not save the scene it is hard to say.
BYD R & D lithography, just need to do a good job of integration, it is not possible to do everything themselves, if the important parts can be successfully attacked, then the integration will be very fast, I hope it goes well! More than one enterprise to invest in more than one hope, we can not be fooled again to give up high technology.
BYD itself is already an internationally recognized top enterprise, it does not need to replace anyone. Take, for example, Warren Buffett. BYD is the only Chinese company that Buffett has invested in, and the scale of the investment is very large, and its scientific and technological capabilities, commercial value, and development prospects are really no need to say more.
Buffett's name is one we've all heard of. Warren Buffett is a top expert in value investing, and his investment companies have very high returns, and he has a lot of good investment stories. But friends often do not understand is that Buffett is a U.S. investment experts. What does it mean? From Buffett's personal statement and its business behavior, Buffett has a typical investment characteristics - believe that the United States of America's strong, focused on investing in the United States, basically only invest in U.S. companies.
Objectively speaking, Buffett's business legend is not only personal ability, and the rapid development of the United States in the last century also has a lot to do (especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union). For Buffett, who has always admired the United States and American companies, it is really difficult for him to invest heavily in a Chinese company. But is a thing so difficult, BYD easily did, Buffett's companies are even begging, rushing to BYD to send money, begging to rush to invest in BYD (in 2008, Buffett spent a huge amount of money to take 9.9% of BYD shares).
"If BYD develops 7nm chips and 7nm lithography, can it replace Foxconn?" The question itself is wrong. For one thing, BYD is very good, and its comprehensive ability exceeds that of Foxconn, so there is no need to use the word that belittles BYD like replacing it; for another, Foxconn simply doesn't have any chip-processing technology or any chip-processing business, and Foxconn doesn't really have half a cent to do with chips.
Although this question is wrong, BYD and BYD's semiconductors are really worth mentioning, which is also an important reason for the author to write this answer.
Let's start with BYD. BYD gives the general public the feeling that it is an ordinary automobile company, but its biggest commercial advantage is not the car, but based on the battery as well as electronic technology. 1, BYD in the field of battery has been 100% independent research and development, with a large number of independent property rights, not only do not have to worry about being necked, but also have the ability to card the neck of other people (just don't do it); 2, BYD's batteries take a lot of market by virtue of its excellent performance, Apple, Google, Google and others. BYD's batteries have taken a large number of markets by virtue of their excellent performance, and Apple, Google, Samsung, Huawei, etc. are all BYD's partners, all using BYD's battery technology and electronic parts.
In addition, we thought BYD was an ordinary car company, but in fact it is a giant enterprise that not only owns a lot of technology patents, but also owns a lot of production lines, and its OEM ability is not inferior to Foxconn (and it has its own technology). Does BYD need to replace Foxconn? That question is like asking, when is Buffett going to replace Munger (who is Buffett's assistant and partner)? Quite comical.
Secondly, BYD is indeed investing in chips, but a company's energy is limited, and it's not likely to actually come up with a 7nm lithography, but what can be expected is - BYD is likely to fill a certain gap in Chinese chips, and it can make some contribution.
BYD has been doing chip foundry work in the past, but not 7nm, 23nm, such as lithography chip foundry, but the foundry of the round wafer (that is, Biden a certain meeting in the hands of the disk). At present, BYD has set up a special semiconductor enterprise, specializing in research on the production technology of round wafers, such technology is not as high-end as photolithography, but also has great significance for enhancing China's competitiveness in the semiconductor industry.
Overall, although BYD doesn't have a lithography machine, we can still expect it to bring good news for semiconductors in China.
This is the round wafer in Biden's hand
Global lithography market landscapeThe world's leading lithography vendors are mainly ASML, Nikon, Canon, and others, with ASML, Nikon, and Canon accounting for more than 95% of global lithography shipments, and ASML lithography having the highest market share!
ASML mainly focuses on high-end high-tech, and has also realized a monopoly;
Nikon, Canon mainly focuses on low-end and mid-range high-tech;
Shanghai Microelectronics, the leading photolithography company in China, mainly focuses on low-end photolithography;
In 2017, ASML shipped 198 photolithography machines;
In 2018, ASML shipped 224 lithography machines;
In 2019, ASML shipped 228 lithography machines!
ASML's EUV lithography, with a 13.5nm light source, enables 7nm processes! Today, ASML lithography is capable of 5nm processes!
Currently, Shanghai Microelectronics is only capable of 90nm, several generations behind ASML!
However, 90nm is a technical difficulty, Shanghai Microelectronics will gradually realize 65nm, 45nm, and even 28nm processes, further narrowing the gap with ASML, Nikon, and Canon!
In 2018, Shanghai Microelectronics shipped 50-60 lithography machines!
Recently, Anchor Semiconductor shipped its second photolithography machine; however, in the field of photolithography, Anchor is only a small player who has just entered the field!
As tough as BYD, it can't handle 7nm lithography
BYD not only builds cars and batteries, but also OEMs cell phones, tablets, computers, and masks ......
Huawei, Samsung, Apple, Xiaomi, OPPO, vivo, LG, Lenovo, Google, Microsoft, etc., are all important customers of BYD!
Although BYD has also laid out chip R&D and manufacturing, it does not make photolithography!
The manufacture of lithography requires not only top lithography technology, but also highly sophisticated components from the global industry chain!
The Institute of Optoelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a lithography technology with a resolution of 22nm, which can be combined with double exposure technology to realize the manufacture of 10nm chips!
However, photolithography requires tens of thousands of more accurate parts; lenses, light sources, bearings and other key components, our domestic supply chain is not up to par!
Currently, lithography supply chain companies in many countries around the world have embargoed high-precision components to China, slowing down the process of our country's lithography field!
SMIC, the largest chip maker in mainland China, spent $120 million to order a high-end lithography machine, but ASML delayed for a year or two!
TSMC, Samsung, and Intel are all shareholders of ASML, and these three giants enjoy ASML's priority of supply!
Even as powerful as ASML, its lithography manufacturing requires a supply chain of hundreds of countries around the world to realize lithography manufacturing!
The R&D and manufacturing of lithography, relying only on a lithography company to desperately invest in R&D costs, recruitment of R&D personnel, is not developed, it must be a joint research and development of the industry chain!
At present, our country's lithography level, from the international top level, there is still at least 15-20 years of gap!
......
Where did the questioner hear that BYD is developing 7nm chips and lithography? At best, you can make some arguments. Advanced Ultraviolet lithography now only ALSM "production", that is, assembly, more than 30,000 parts are dozens of manufacturers in the world's top technology, almost all of China's implementation of the technology embargo, each part of the domestic sub-division of many industries belong to the project is extremely difficult, short-term breakthroughs are impossible to only step-by-step approach! After all, China's Shanghai Microelectronics can now produce 90nm photolithography machine multiple exposures 28nm and production scrap rate is high, and now there is a gap of fifteen years of 5nm, ten generations of the generation difference in a short period of time to catch up can be said to be impossible.
Many people think that China's days to ask the launch of the back of the moon landing, Beidou global opening, a photolithography difficult to get China? Indeed more difficult! Good step by step in catching up.
If BYD Semiconductor develops 7nm lithography and chips, can it replace TSMC and Foxconn?
Many of us may find it hard to believe that BYD is not a car manufacturer. How can it be linked to a semiconductor company? Even many people's fixed thinking about BYD is that it is an automobile manufacturer. But if you know a little bit about BYD, you know that BYD started with batteries; if you know more about BYD, you may know that BYD is one of the few cell phone foundries.
The BYD Semiconductor You Can't Imagine
In 2005, BYD was already involved in the development of IGBTs. It is the core component of electrification, automotive IGBT technology, manufacturing, capital and other barriers, the localization rate is low, the supply has long been monopolized by European, American and Japanese enterprises. IGBT chip from 2009 to date has been iterated to 4.0 version.
In fact, before the earliest, BYD Semiconductor called BYD Microelectronics, its business covers semiconductor intelligent control IC and so on some aspects of the research and development and production sales. On January 19th of this year, BYD Microelectronics Co., Ltd. added, foreign investment, the establishment of Changsha BYD Semiconductor Co.
Recently, the internal reorganization of the wholly-owned subsidiary Shenzhen BYD Microelectronics Co., Ltd. has been completed, and BYD Microelectronics has been officially renamed as BYD Semiconductor Co.
We can see from this that BYD's "ambition" is not small, and it may indeed go into the field of chips, not only in the field of automotive chips, but also in other terminals such as cell phones.
7nm lithography and chip difficulty
Even now, we are currently selling the domestic optical technology is Shanghai Microelectronics 90nm optical technology, and can reach the Netherlands ASML lithography does not exist, and even in a kind of "exploration". "
Photolithography is a new technology.
What is the difficulty of lithography? The difficulty of photolithography is the accumulation of various technologies, the Netherlands ASML company president once swore that: we China will never be able to copy the high-end photolithography, the latest photolithography decided to sell to China, because in their view, we are never going to copy the photolithography, because photocells are extremely high degree of system integration of the product, hundreds of companies technology into one, each machine may have 80,000 parts, many of the parts are very complex.
Whether it's a lens like Zeiss's, or an American light source, it's safe to say that it's very difficult for a company in the world to emulate them. In fact, the success of ASML lithography, in addition to the mutual cooperation of all kinds of companies, there is another important point - it will be Samsung, Intel, Hynix, TSMC and so on are integrated together to form a rather distinctive shareholding system, if you want to buy my lithography, then please become my shareholders.
And the steps of the chip are even more complex, the preparation of silicon wafers - the manufacture of the chip - the testing and selection of the chip - assembly and packaging -Final testing. Among the steps in chip manufacturing, cleaning, film formation, lithography, etching, etc., and photolithography is just one part of it.
BYD, or the future of lithography in China -
Indeed, if BYD does have this in mind, and wants to break through China's performance in lithography. I believe that we are absolutely in favor of it, but the fact is that the difficulty of lithography and the difficulty of chip manufacturing will be a major point of confinement for us to break through in technology.
We also have to look at the establishment of BYD Semiconductor and its current performance, where it is said that the BYD Semiconductor manufacturing plant is capable of producing 50,000 IGBT chips, which has actually broken the monopoly of companies like Infineon in Germany and Toyota in Japan.
While we know that our assumption that BYD is producing 7nm lithography or chips is just a dissatisfaction with our current situation. But we're confident that we'll be able to break out of that, and definitely succeed regardless of the technological barriers that come with lithography or the technological limitations in the chip space. We already have Huawei Kirin, SMIC, Ziguang Spreadtrum, and so on, and we have the ability to break the bondage.
BYD vision is very wide, in addition to car, there are factories and Foxconn competition, and now join the ranks of photolithography, really what the country needs to go where, from the epidemic during the transfer of masks plant can be seen as a bearable enterprise, and the replacement of Foxconn assembly plant itself does not exist in a very large technological thresholds, the focus is on the cost of labor, and a single technological reserves, BYD is still far more than the
In Shenzhen, two respectable companies, one is Huawei, the other is BYD, Tencent, Ma's company is another story, as the ordinary people have nothing to support, such as the license down, buy a Song pro support.
Asml do, TSMC do, why I BYD can not do?
What I want to tell you is that we can do photolithography, we must do it, and we want to do it at a cabbage price!
Now there is a myth in the technical world that:
"Building a photolithography machine is more difficult than building an atomic bomb, and the powerful asml violet photolithography machine, which can complete the photolithography below 5 nanometers, consists of 100,000 super parts, which we can't learn, can't build, and ten Huawei can't handle it! "
What is a lithography machine?A lithography machine is a core tool for chip manufacturing.
To make a chip, a silicon wafer is coated with photoresist, and digital circuits are burned into it by a photolithography machine.
The layer disappears where it is burned, and the chip is formed by spraying semiconductor paint in the grooves of the disappearing circuit.
Because silicon is expensive, the more accurate the lithography, the less silicon material is used, and the less space it takes up.
Theoretically, 7nm uses twice as much material as 5nm for the same function of plating.
Because of the U.S. technology embargo, high-precision lithography and materials are now in the hands of foreign manufacturers, and we use our own materials and technology to design and build lithography with an accuracy of about 46 nanometers, with a material utilization rate of about one percent of TSMC's.
We have been working on a number of new technologies, and we are now able to offer them to our customers in the future.
Because at present, only asml can do lithography under 10nm, so on one hand, it stuck us in the neck and only bought us 14nm lithography, on the other hand, it quoted us a high price, and one machine cost hundreds of millions.
Lithography has become a critical threshold for Huawei and our Chinese tech companies.
Why I say BYD can also do lithography
Because before asml did lithography, it was just a small enterprise under Philip, not very famous before '06, and was suppressed by Japanese manufacturers internationally.
After '06, TSMC and Intel invested in asml, TSMC brought the lithography technology, and the US let him acquire an American equipment company in Extreme Purple.
After that, Intel, Samsung, and TSMC kept feeding it orders, and it used the high profits to keep upgrading its technology, eventually becoming the world's #1 chip core company.
asml's experience tells us that there is a market first, and then there is technology, and a market that keeps giving you profits can push you to constantly improve your technology, increase your product competitiveness, and bring in high profits.
Now, China has the largest chip market in the world, and the demand for lithography chips accounts for more than half of the world.
Previously, because we are superstitious about the principle of global division of labor, in order to save costs, the orders are dumped to TSMC and other global manufacturers, resulting in our lithography did not invest to get up.
Now the picture is so clear that the only way not to lose our position in the chip industry is to secure our equipment.
So why can't BYD do lithography?
It's stronger than asml '06!
I think, as long as everyone is united, give the single to the domestic enterprises, give them some time and patience.
Not only BYD, Huawei, there are more photolithography companies will come forward, war out of their own sky!
What happens when the Chinese make a lithography machine?
How hard can it be to make a lithography machine as hard as a switchboard?
Can 5g be difficult?
Can it be as hard as quantum communication?
The reason we missed this device,
It's not that we wouldn't, it's that we didn't do it!
Now that the Americans have helped us find out how important it is, and the principles are as clear as a textbook, I don't see what's so hard about it.
Nothing more than a high-end point of laser CNC machine tools.
I'm sure that with the huge market interest, we'll be able to come up with a lithography machine fast enough to teach those who want to limit us a lesson.
BYD's lithography is coming,
asml's super expensive lithography, goodbye!
Technology is subject to productivity, and unusual profits will return to 0 one day!
BYD's R&D of 7nm chips and 7nm lithography can only have an impact on vendors with chip R&D capabilities and lithography R&D capabilities.
Then there are a few vendors that have this chip development capability. intel, Samsung, AMD, Qualcomm, Apple, Huawei Hesse, etc. The only ones that have this capability are Foxconn and Foxconn, which are the only ones that have this capability. Foxconn is the only one that doesn't. So BYD's development of 7nm chips has an impact on Foxconn? It doesn't!
By the same token, there are only a few manufacturers that have mastered lithography R&D and production technology, including ASML, Nikon, Canon, Eurotech, Shanghai Microelectronics, and so on, and only Foxconn is absent. So BYD Asia service 7nm lithography on Foxconn have an impact? It does not have!
Chip foundry is not just any foundry can be foundry. Foxconn is the world's largest foundry, but what does it have to do with chip foundry? There are just a few chip foundries, TSMC, UMC, Samsung, SMIC, etc.. Among them, only TSMC and Samsung have the ability to foundry 5nm chips.