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Household waste? The first time I've seen this, I've seen it in the past, and I've seen it in the past. As one of the country's four pioneer provinces, Fujian Province, the classification of domestic waste has been in the forefront of the country. At present, the cities in Fujian Province have built food waste, bulky waste treatment plant, incineration capacity of 39,000 tons / day, waste treatment? Reduction, resource utilization, harmless? Achieve better results.
Currently, Fujian Province puts forward the target of 60% utilization rate of urban household waste resource utilization in 2025, and is further exploring the resource utilization of household waste, with more refined, more detailed and more advanced methods and mechanisms to achieve high-value reuse of household waste. How to save more? misplaced resources? , improve the utilization rate of domestic waste resource utilization? This issue focuses on bringing journalists' observations.
Exploring the value of saving recyclable garbage
In Haicang, Xiamen, the sun is shining, and the country's first low-value recyclables sorting center is in the final stage of construction.
In the heat of the day, Xie Yibin, deputy general manager of Xiamen Land and Sea Environmental Protection Co., Ltd. involved in the construction of the project, often comes to the site of the sorting center to check the progress, solve the problem, and promote the project as soon as possible.
Low-value recyclables, that is, although recyclable, but the recycling value of low and high-cost glass bottles, milk tea cups, milk cartons, takeaway containers and other waste. They have been sorted into ? other garbage? , or into sanitary landfills or into incinerators to be torched.
Engaged in waste resource treatment for more than a decade, Xie Yibin has high hopes for this project.? After the completion of the center, AI identification, optical sorting and other technologies will be used to achieve ? Mechanical intelligent sorting + manual intervention + categorized automatic packing? , really forming various categories of renewable resources, and then transported to the resource utilization plant for processing.? Xie Yibin said that after preliminary calculations, the center is expected to put into use after the sorting utilization rate of up to 60% ~ 70%.
Last year, Haicang District recovered 1,115 tons of low-value recyclables, which were sent to the existing sorting center of the land and sea environmental protection, sorted through the purification, separation, crushing and granulation and other multi-channel process, processed into commodity raw materials.
If they are not sorted out, they will go to the incineration treatment plant along with garbage that has no recycling value. Data from the provincial Department of Housing and Construction shows that, at present, Fujian Province has 31 domestic waste incineration treatment plants in operation, with a capacity of 39,000 tons / day, accounting for 85.2% of the total harmless treatment capacity.
Since it can be used for incineration and power generation, is it still necessary to build a system of classification and recovery of low-value recyclables?
The Southern Zhangzhou domestic waste incineration power plant, which can handle about 360,000 tons of domestic waste per year, is built and operated by Hanlan (Changshan Overseas Chinese Economic Development Zone) Solid Waste Treatment Co.
Wang Yubao, chairman of the company, told reporters that waste incineration power generation is a systematic project, despite the high calorific value of combustion of waste paper, waste wood chips, waste plastics and other low-value recyclables, less of them, but will not have a major impact on the benefits of power generation.
But incineration is not an optimal option for handling recyclables. said Yubao Wang.
Earlier this year, the National Development and Reform Commission and other seven departments issued a guidance on accelerating the construction of recycling system of waste materials, proposed that by 2025, the completion of more than 1,000 green sorting centers, 60 or so large and medium-sized cities to take the lead in the completion of a basically perfect recycling system of waste resources.
In this regard, the exploration of Fujian Province has been a step ahead. 2020, Xiamen will be low-value recyclables are divided into waste glass, ceramics, waste plastics, waste paper and waste textile clothing five categories, and urge residents to do a good job of classification of household waste. At the same time, low-value recyclables collection, sorting, disposal and other recycling system construction is also carried out.
Recycling Waste into? The first thing you need to do is to get rid of it.
Shajian Town, Hua'an County, Zhangzhou, is built with a back-end processing plant for land and sea environmental protection. This is the only one in Fujian Province. National Resource Recycling Base?
In the raw material yard of the treatment plant, piles of sorted plastics, paper-plastic composites and other low-value recyclables are waiting to be processed. After they are sent into the assembly line, they are turned into plastic pellets needed for downstream factory production through multiple processes such as crushing, screening, cleaning, and de-labeling. Xie Yibin said, these plastic granules will be made into plastic bags, drying racks, kraft paper, stationery and other household items.
Leaves, once the garden department need to spend money to deal with the garbage, the treatment method is no more than landfill or incineration. Today, they also have a use? Turned into a raw material for organic fertilizer.
Xiamen Shiang'an District, Xinwei Town, in front of the village of Pu, Xiamen is known as a vegetable planting base, the village annual sowing area of more than 3,000 acres. The village has established nine professional vegetable cooperatives and dozens of vegetable family farms.
Guo Fang, founder of the Zhuangjiaobao Vegetable Professional Cooperative located in the village, told reporters that he has successfully used raw materials such as vegetable tailing, leaves, straw and other raw materials to produce organic fertilizer for their own use, and can currently handle 200 tons of crop waste per month.
Reporters in the production workshop covering an area of more than 2,000 square meters to see, all kinds of raw materials are crushed by the crusher to break up the mixture, add a compound microbial fungicide to it, to be completely decomposed, deodorized, was made of organic fertilizer.
? Cooperative more than 500 acres of self-owned vegetable planting base with homemade organic fertilizer. In front of the village of Po and surrounding growers in need, will take crop waste to exchange, each ton of crop waste can be exchanged for 400 to 500 pounds of organic fertilizer.? Guo defense said.
Xiamen Xiang'an District Environmental Health Center Director Wang Zhenjin told reporters that Xiamen City, the garden department produces a large amount of green waste each year, Zhuangjiaobao Vegetable Professional Cooperative homemade organic fertilizer if you can realize the mass production, will effectively realize the resourcefulness of the leaf waste treatment.
The treatment of food waste, etc., is also moving towards the direction of fine resources. Zhangzhou City, kitchen waste treatment center, with a capacity of 200 tons / day. Zhangzhou Environmental Group Lin Yimin told reporters that kitchen waste in the dewatering, coarse crushing, pulping, separation, sorting out homogeneous organic slurry pumped into the anaerobic system for fermentation, resulting in biogas after treatment for comprehensive utilization.
? Biogas power generation has reached an average of 5,000 degrees per day, to achieve self-sufficiency of the plant electricity. Lin Yimin introduced the press sorting out of plastic, glass, ceramics and other impurities and digestate will be used for incineration to generate electricity, separated from the waste oil and grease will be processed into biodiesel, wastewater collection will enter the sewage treatment system, used for greening or irrigation water.
The integration of the two networks to improve the recycling rate
Resourceful utilization of domestic waste is supported by policy guidance and processing technology. But whether it is low-value recyclables, or food waste, in the front-end collection, mid-end transfer, end of the chain of treatment, but also face? Economic accounts? s problem.
? Low-value recyclables, for example, if there is no front-end classification, relying only on existing manual sorting technology, will face the problem of high cost.? Xie Yibin said that the high cost of recycling can be mitigated by scale, the daily collection and transportation needs to reach 100 tons to achieve sustainable development.
In Xiamen, thrown to? Other garbage? Land and sea environmental protection put into use in the sorting center, although there are 30 tons of low-value waste plastic sorting capacity per day, but ? Can't get enough? Is the norm, in the company's director of the Changjiang Fengfeng view, there are a large number of low-value recyclables into the landfill, incineration system, more than 90% of the garbage recycling for the individual workshop, low-value recyclables are difficult for them to be divided out. If the front-end is not categorized well, it is difficult to collect enough volume to be sustainable. The economic benefits are low, and companies lack the incentive to participate.? Jiang Fengfeng said.
Kitchen waste is facing a mid-range collection and transportation problem. Kitchen waste collection and transportation, not only to collect and transport fast, but also can not let the odor nuisance. Lin Yimin said, ? We now use? Buckets and other vehicles? Collection and transportation mode, the collection and transportation line optimization, to achieve one person a car, a car two turns, efficiency greatly improved. In addition to the special order of two 2-ton small collection car, so that they are more convenient to cross the Zhangzhou alleys.
Resourceful treatment, is the end link of waste classification. How to utilize from the end, forcing the front-end classification? Jiang Fengfeng believes that in order to improve the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate, it is recommended to refer to the incineration treatment fee, to give financial support for transportation service fees, disposal service fees and other financial support.
Reporters interviewed by industry insiders believe that, on the basis of government investment, the use of market-oriented means to solve the problem of classification costs, advocating for the use of points, points and must be used to promote the domestic waste collection system and renewable resources recovery system? The integration of the two networks? , to improve the recycling utilization rate.