Plastic bags do bring convenience to our lives, but this temporary convenience has brought long-term harm. The recycling value of plastic bags is low, which is not only scattered in urban streets, tourist areas, water bodies, highways and railways, but also potentially harmful. Plastic has a stable structure, is not easily degraded by natural microorganisms, and does not separate in the natural environment for a long time. This means that if the waste plastic garbage is not recycled, it will become a pollutant in the environment, permanently exist and accumulate, causing great harm to the environment. First of all, it affects agricultural development. The accumulation of waste plastic products mixed in soil will affect the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, resulting in crop yield reduction. Second, it poses a threat to the survival of animals. Waste plastic products discarded on land or in water are swallowed by animals as food, resulting in animal death. Last year, there were 20 herders near Qinghai Lake, nearly 1,000 sheep died and the economic loss was more than 300,000 yuan. Sheep like to eat oil residue wrapped in plastic bags, but they often eat together. Because the plastic they eat is difficult to digest in the stomach for a long time, the stomach is crowded, they can't eat any more, and finally they can only starve to death. Such things are common in zoos, pastoral areas, rural areas and oceans. Thirdly, waste plastics will not only occupy a lot of land with landfill, but also the occupied land will not be restored for a long time, which will affect the sustainable use of land. Waste plastic products entering domestic garbage will not degrade for 200 years if they are buried. It is very harmful to the land, changing its pH value will affect the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, resulting in reduced agricultural production. As for plastic products discarded in water or on land, it not only affects the environment, but also leads to death if swallowed passively. This destroys the ecological balance. ? 8? Fourth, decompose toxic substances at high temperature. There are no toxic substances in plastic products, but many manufacturers do not have legal business licenses because of their imperfect recycling equipment and simple technology. When the temperature reaches 65℃, toxic substances will precipitate and penetrate into food, causing harm to important parts of human body such as liver, kidney, reproductive system and central nervous system. "White pollution" mainly refers to "visual pollution" and "potential harm" to the environment. "Visual pollution" refers to the destruction of the city appearance and landscape by plastic waste scattered in the city, such as a large number of polystyrene foamed plastic tableware scattered on both sides of railways, rivers and lakes and ultra-thin plastic bags flying all over the sky or hanging on branches, which brings people bad visual stimulation and the people react strongly to it. "Potential crisis" refers to the environmental problems caused by plastic waste entering the natural environment and being difficult to degrade. Its harm mainly includes the following points: it is not easy to recycle, because the recycling cost is high, but the utilization rate is low, so businesses can say that it is unprofitable, and it is difficult to attract the general public to carry out "white recycling" because of the low recycling price. So it's hard to recycle. Difficult to degrade. The recovered white waste is not easy to treat. At present, the main treatment methods are incineration and landfill. If burned, it will produce a lot of toxic smoke, pollute the atmosphere and promote the formation of acid rain. As for landfill, it will remain unchanged for 100 years and will not be absorbed by nature, which will do great harm to the land, change its pH value, affect the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, and lead to agricultural production reduction. As for plastic products discarded in water or land, it will not only affect the environment, but also cause great harm to the land. This destroys the ecological balance. Toxic substances decompose at high temperature, and plastic products have no toxic substances. However, due to its imperfect recycling equipment and simple process, many manufacturers do not have legal business licenses. When the temperature reaches 65℃, toxic substances will precipitate and penetrate into food, causing harm to important parts of the human body such as liver, kidney, reproductive system and central nervous system. Interviewee: Black and white _ milk tea-five grades1118: 02 "potential crisis" refers to the environmental problems caused by the difficulty in degradation of plastic waste after it enters the natural environment, and its harm mainly includes the following points: it is difficult to recycle, because the recycling cost is high, but the utilization rate is low. So it's hard to recycle. Difficult to degrade. The recovered white waste is not easy to treat. At present, the main treatment methods are incineration and landfill. If burned, it will produce a lot of toxic smoke, pollute the atmosphere and promote the formation of acid rain. As for landfill, it will remain unchanged for 100 years and will not be absorbed by nature, which will do great harm to the land, change its pH value, affect the absorption of nutrients and water by crops, and lead to agricultural production reduction. As for plastic products discarded in water or land, it will not only affect the environment, but also cause great harm to the land. This destroys the ecological balance. Toxic substances decompose at high temperature, and plastic products have no toxic substances. However, due to its imperfect recycling equipment and simple process, many manufacturers do not have legal business licenses. When the temperature reaches 65℃, toxic substances will precipitate and penetrate into food, causing harm to important parts of the human body such as liver, kidney, reproductive system and central nervous system. Experts found that almost all plastic products contain a large amount of plasticizer, which is potentially harmful to human body. "Plasticizer" (plastic bags and plastic products contain a kind of "phthalate" chemical composition, which can increase the plasticity and flexibility of plastics and improve the strength of plastic products), which triggered the safety crisis of supermarket plastic wrap last year, once again broke into people's lives. This time, the problem appeared in the plastic bucket of edible oil used by ordinary people for three meals a day. Not long ago, Guangzhou Food Safety Information Network released a message saying that a study by Tongji University confirmed that the plasticizer in plastic barrels of edible oil was harmful to human body. "With plastic barrels of cooking oil, the cooking oil will dissolve into a plasticizer that is harmful to the human body." According to the news, the research group of Professor Li Shuguang from Tongji University School of Basic Medicine collected plastic barrels of soybean salad oil, blended oil, peanut oil and bulk soybean oil sold in the market with different brands and different factory dates. It was found that almost all brands of plastic barreled edible oil contained plasticizer "dibutyl phthalate". It is inferred that the plasticizer detected in edible oil mainly comes from plastic containers. This plasticizer is toxic to human reproductive system, especially to men. In the past, people always thought that plasticizer compounds had low toxicity, good physical and chemical properties, convenient production and low price, so their production and use were almost unrestricted. At present, China has become a big user of plasticizers, producing about 300,000 tons of plasticizers every year. The comparative study conducted by Professor Li shows that the plasticizer detected in edible oil mainly comes from its plastic container. Among the edible oil samples collected by the research group, it is found that the content of plasticizer in a certain brand of plastic barrel edible oil samples is the highest, which is 2.98 mg/L and 24.16 mg/L, respectively. The researchers believe that this may be due to the high content of plasticizer in the plastic containers of this brand, or it is contaminated by plasticizer during production and processing. At the same time, it was found that the content of phthalate plasticizers in the samples had no obvious correlation with storage time. There are many factors that affect the migration rate of plasticizer into edible oil. Besides storage time, mobility and storage temperature, there are also plastic packaging materials? Plasticizer content is related: the higher the storage temperature, the faster the migration speed; The higher the content of plasticizer in plastic, the worse the compatibility between plasticizer and resin, and the greater the percentage of plasticizer that may be dissolved out. The content of plasticizer in plastic packaging materials used for barreled edible oil produced by different manufacturers is different, and the storage temperature also changes with different environments. Therefore, the content of plasticizer in edible oil did not show an obvious trend of increasing with storage time without controlling other influencing factors. The content of plasticizer in edible oil residue accumulated on the kitchen lampblack machine is very high, which indicates that a large amount of plasticizer may be inhaled into the lungs with the lampblack during cooking. The news also said that the researchers found that the acute toxicity of plasticizer is very low, and there will be almost no acute poisoning in a short time after human intake, but this does not mean that it is safe. On the contrary, its chronic toxicity is quite harmful to human body. The results of foreign animal research show that plasticizer can lead to animal survival rate, weight loss, liver and kidney function decline and red blood cell reduction, which is mutagenic and carcinogenic. According to experts, PVC products containing DOP (dioctyl phthalate) plasticizer are also widely used in fields related to human medical care and life, and it is difficult to replace them with other materials. Such as latex gloves, plasma bags, some blood transfusions, transfusion, respirators, children's toys, artificial leather (used as clothing, shoes, handbags, sofa fabrics, etc. ), PVC products account for a large proportion. Some developed countries have made strict regulations or corresponding suggestions on plasticizers and other additives used in these products, while the main plasticizer for medical gloves and plasma bags in China is still DOP. What is even more worrying is that plasticizer pollution is almost everywhere at present. As time goes on, the most commonly used raw materials in the chemical industry will slowly overflow from plastic products and enter the air, soil, water and even food. "It has a wide range of uses, a large pollution area and a large number of people, which is even more powerful than pesticides and DDT." Professor Li Shuguang pointed out that few people are aware of this at present. This is a very dangerous trend. If the relevant state departments do not give effective prevention and strong control, we will bear serious consequences for this phenomenon. With the development of plasticizer and the expansion of its application, people pay more and more attention to its safety. Governments have begun to realize the potential threat of plasticizers to human health, such as Denmark's ban on the use of phthalate plasticizers in plastics for children's toys and care products. Because most children like to put toys in their mouths, plasticizers will endanger their health; The use of DOP in children's toys is also prohibited in Switzerland. Although different countries have different restrictions on plasticizers, they basically follow two principles: first, limit the amount of plasticizers used in plastics; Second, limit the maximum allowable migration of food. Countries that adopt the first principle include the United States, Germany, Britain and Japan. , while the Netherlands, Italy, Spain and other countries will combine the above two principles. According to reports, China has also formulated the Hygienic Standard for the Use of Additives for Food Containers and Packaging Materials (GB 9685-94), which stipulates the varieties, scope of application and maximum dosage of additives for food containers and packaging materials. The maximum allowable dosage of DBP (dibutyl phthalate) and DOP are 35% and 50% respectively, but the maximum allowable content in food has not yet been determined. To this end, some experts suggest that China's food industry should vigorously advocate reducing the use of plastic packaging containers, especially to avoid direct contact between plastic products and various foods and prevent plasticizers from polluting food. At the same time, increase investment in scientific research, carry out research on the toxicity of plasticizers, carry out prospective epidemiological surveys related to human health, analyze and understand the toxicity of plasticizers from the aspects of cells, molecules and genes, develop better and safer alternative products in the polymer field, and study relevant intervention and preventive measures.
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